An unfinished nursing home, banners with fierce words, and a long-standing contradiction made the official WeChat of China News Network have such a title: "Nursing home = a hospital for the dead?" Don’t be old if you dare! 》

It turns out that something unpleasant happened in a residential area in Shanghai these days. The government wants to build a nursing home in the community, but it is strongly opposed by the owners. Some radical owners actually put up banners to protest, which read the words "Get out of the community in the hospital for the dead", which made people shudder.

Recently, banners such as "protesting against the construction of nursing homes in residential areas" can be seen everywhere in Xinyi Yayuan Community, Yangpu District, Shanghai. This year, a company in Shanghai prepared to transform the idle buildings in the community into public and private nursing homes, but it was strongly opposed by the community owners, and some community owners even hung up the "Dead People’s Home" and got out of the community.

Slogans against the construction of nursing homes can be seen everywhere in the community. Manager Lu, the project leader of this company, told the reporter that considering that Shanghai is getting more and more aging, Yangpu District is a traditional old industrial area with concentrated retired workers and a shortage of old-age care institutions, the company considered converting idle buildings into nursing homes last year after market research and communication with its streets. The project is expected to invest 30 million yuan, and the number of old-age beds will be about 291 after completion.

There are two main reasons for the owners’ opposition: first, it lowers the housing price of the community and affects the interests of the owners; Second, there are hospice wards and mortuaries in nursing homes, which affect the living environment and the psychology of owners. Because there is a saying among the owners that there are 1200 beds in this nursing home, there must be a morgue. They said: It is not always comfortable to open the window and see the nursing home. The street said that last year, it was considered to transform idle buildings into nursing homes. After the completion, the actual number of beds for the elderly was about 291.

After reading this news, Xiaoxin’s mind immediately came up with a scene. A high-end restaurant is crowded, but the seat next to the toilet is empty. No one wants to sit near the toilet to eat, but no one protests that the restaurant should not build this toilet, because everyone who eats will inevitably need it.

When people’s livelihood infrastructure conflicts with personal interests, what should we do? Is it true that nursing homes embodying humanistic care have no place in residential areas? If we don’t build a nursing home now, where will we live when we are old? Before answering these questions, let’s take a look at the status quo of nursing homes.

Present situation of nursing homes in China

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, as of the end of March 2015, there were 31,833 registered pension service institutions in China. The total number of beds for the aged in institutions and communities reached 5.84 million, up 19.7% year-on-year, including 1.973 million beds for residential and day care in communities. At present, there are 27.5 beds for the aged per 1,000 elderly people, up 10.0% year-on-year.

With the accelerated arrival of an aging society, the living conditions, pension rights and security of the elderly have attracted increasing attention from all walks of life. Recently, in some places, cases of injury to the elderly have occurred one after another, or accidents that accidentally lead to the disability and death of the elderly have caused public concern about the security risks of the old-age service institutions.

How to solve the contradiction between the owner and the street?

The main concern of the owners is nothing more than two points:

First, I am afraid that house prices will fall. Imagine that if a residential area is equipped with a nursing home, just like a kindergarten, a vegetable market and a hotel in the residential area, this kind of welfare facilities that are convenient for the people will not let the house prices fall, but will only facilitate the owners, so this kind of worry is superfluous;

Second, the owners are worried that there are 1200 beds in nursing homes, and there will often be dead people, which will affect Feng Shui. The street clearly stated that it planned to build 291 beds, which is a reflection of the poor communication between the owners and the street. The street should have a detailed explanation and discussion with the owners’ committee, put all possible problems on the table and seek common ground while reserving differences. For example, where is the activity area of the old people? Whether the old people will disturb the people and other issues should be dealt with in advance …

Social needs of the elderly

First, why do the elderly live in nursing homes?

1) Hope to get timely nursing and medical assistance;

2) Reduce the burden of care for children and other family members;

3) Enjoy the old age;

4) Get rid of loneliness.

Second, what will be considered when living in a nursing home?

1) Location environment;

2) check-in fee. At present, the expenses paid by the elderly mainly come from their own pension, children’s sponsorship and funds for renting or selling their original houses.

3) medical conditions. Most concerned about the "first aid channel"; I hope that the medical environment will be warm and the service personalized.

4) service demand. Nursing staff should be patient and respectful; It is very important to visit and patrol regularly; Provide health care services, and organize health care and outing activities.

5) Dietary conditions. The dining environment is diversified and humanized; Varieties should be differentiated and can take care of special needs; I hope to set up a hospitality restaurant and a public kitchen.

"The distance between a bowl of soup"

Some people say that nursing homes can be built, but why should they be built in residential areas? In fact, one word is often used to choose the address of the old-age care institution-"the distance of a bowl of soup", that is to say, this bowl of soup is cooked from home and brought to the nursing home for the elderly to drink, which just doesn’t cool off. This distance is the best.

Building a nursing home in a residential area can just make the communication between children and the elderly closer. As the old saying goes, "all the virtues’s filial piety comes first". Filial piety is a precious treasure handed down by the Chinese nation for thousands of years. Who can say that he is not old? If children have time to take care of the elderly, or let them live in their own homes, this is the best state, but the reality is often unsatisfactory. Let the elderly have a sense of security in nursing homes, and focus on the long distance, and their grievances will not be so heavy, don’t you think?

[background news]

A residential area in Shanghai wants to build a nursing home. The owner pulls a banner "Home for the Dead"

Xinmin. com In recent years, Shanghai has made great efforts to develop the cause of providing for the aged. The municipal government regards adding new beds for the aged as a practical matter for the municipal government every year, and this year’s target is 7,000 beds. However, a nursing home, from planning and design, project approval to construction, acceptance and approval, and finally opening the door to welcome the elderly, is not as simple as the increase in numbers on paper, and some will encounter unexpected difficulties and even obstacles. Recently, a nursing home for ordinary elderly people in Yangpu District and Fengxian District suffered from "birth difficulties", and the reporter went to investigate it in depth.

A wall is separated by mourning and wailing?

No.3531 Zhoujiazui Road is near Longchang Road. When the reporter came here, he saw the door closed. After explaining the purpose, the doorman opened the iron gate and said that it had been shut down for more than two months. The reporter saw that there were two old buildings with five floors and six floors, and the renovation project was halfway completed, and no one was there. Across the wall, there are some shacks on one side, and a six-story husband’s house and several high-rise residential buildings on the other. High-rise residential buildings face the construction site with a banner: "Dead people’s homes get out of the community!" " I was shocked to see it.

The main objections of the owners are as follows: First, it lowers the housing price of the community and affects the immediate interests of the owners; Second, there are hospice wards and mortuaries in nursing homes, which affect the living environment and the psychology of owners.

This is the second nursing home in Yanji under construction.

The plot at No.3531 Zhoujiazui Road belongs to Shanghai Yidian Group. In the past few years, the building was leased to Shanghai Publishing and Printing College for use as a student dormitory. After the student dormitory moved out in 2013, it was vacant. Now it is managed by Shanghai Cangxin Investment Management Consulting Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Yidian Group. Manager Lu, the person in charge of the company’s project, told the reporter that considering Shanghai’s aging degree is getting higher and higher, Yangpu District is a traditional old industrial area with concentrated retired workers and a shortage of old-age care institutions, the company considered converting idle buildings into nursing homes last year after market research and communication with its streets. There is only one public nursing home in Yanji Street, and I hope to build another one, but there is no space. The idea of Cangxin Company hit it off with them. Yangpu district government also attaches great importance to this and confirms that the nature of nursing homes is public and private. The project is expected to invest 30 million yuan, and the number of old-age beds will be about 291 after completion.

On March 20th this year, after completing all the necessary procedures, the renovation project started. However, more than a month later, residents came to the streets and governments at all levels again and again to resolutely oppose the construction of nursing homes. On May 6th, at the strong demand of residents, the renovation project had to be suspended. Yanji Street, District Civil Affairs Bureau, District Housing Management Bureau, District Diplomatic Relations Committee and other departments held many forums and coordination meetings to communicate and talk with residents, but the results were not great.

Most of the residents who oppose the construction of nursing homes are the owners of nearby favorite yayuan. This is a commercial housing community built in 2002, with more than 200 households. Walking into the community, banners such as "opposing the construction of nursing homes in residential areas" and "opposing the infringement of owners’ rights and interests" can be seen everywhere. The reporter interviewed an owner, Ms. Li, who told the reporter the main objections of the owners: First, it lowered the housing price of the community and affected the immediate interests of the owners; Second, there are hospice wards and mortuaries in nursing homes, which affect the living environment and the psychology of owners.

A resident wrote in a letter to a government department: "A wall separates us from the mortuary, but we hear the wailing and weeping of the family members of the deceased in our ears, and the polluted air in the ward is breathed in our mouths and noses … hundreds of households are within reach of death …" Because there is a saying among the owners that this nursing home has 1,200 beds, it is sure to set up a mortuary.

On June 15th, China railway freight reform was officially launched. This is the first reform launched after the establishment of China Railway Corporation, aiming at realizing the transformation of railway transportation organization from internal production to market-oriented, and taking this as a breakthrough to promote the overall reform of railway transportation. The railway freight reform will simplify the freight procedures, and you can apply for freight online by surfing the Internet or making a phone call, and implement the "door-to-door" full-time "one-price" charge. The reform will promote the transformation of railway freight to modern logistics.

According to reports, this railway freight organization reform is a comprehensive transformation of the previous freight organization work, which mainly includes four aspects:

The first is to reform the way of accepting freight.By simplifying procedures, broadening channels and opening up receiving goods, we will provide our customers with the most direct, simple and fastest service. The so-called simplified procedures are to cancel the complicated procedures such as declaration of freight plan, request for car and recognition of car. As long as the customer puts forward the transportation demand, the railway customer service staff will directly help the customer to complete the freight formalities, and the customer does not need to contact other departments and personnel. Broadening channels means that customers can choose telephone, internet and other ways to contact delivery. Open receipt refers to the railway’s capacity guarantee for large and stable goods such as coal and oil through agreed transportation; For industrial machinery, electronic appliances, daily necessities and other goods, customers demand them at any time, and the railway accepts them at any time, so as to be on hand.

Five ways of contacting railway delivery after railway freight reform

The second is to reform the mode of transportation organization.Make transportation plan according to customers’ transportation demand, arrange shipment in time, and improve transportation efficiency.

The third is to clean up and standardize freight charges.All charges are subject to "one-price quotation and one-invoice verification", so as to strictly implement the national freight rate policy, adhere to legal compliance, open and transparent charges, and win the market by relying on the freight rate advantage of railways.

Fourth, vigorously develop the "door-to-door" logistics service of the railway.Build a "door-to-door" pick-up and delivery network, realize "door-to-door" full-time "one-price" charging, and promote the transformation of railway freight to modern logistics.

According to Cheng Xiandong, director of the Transportation Bureau of the Railway Corporation,Railway freight mainly deals with the following businesses:One is the whole train transportation, such as coal, oil, ore, etc. The second is vehicle transportation. Third, railway express freight trains, including postal and parcel trains. The fourth is container transportation. Fifth, the transportation of special goods, such as cars, large pieces and refrigerated fresh goods. Sixth, LTL cargo transportation. Seventh, high-speed rail express, which provides intercity small parcel express service.

Grab the bill with air freight

It is worth noting that among the seven major businesses, high-speed rail express is a highlight in the reform of total freight transportation.

It is understood that high-speed rail express uses high-speed rail to confirm trains and passenger EMU trains, and provides small parcel express services such as "Day of the Day" or "Next Morning" between cities. This will greatly improve the speed of freight transportation, and compete with air freight for orders.

High-speed rail express will be the highlight of railway freight reform

The so-called "high-speed rail confirmation train" refers to the first EMU that runs every day on each high-speed rail line. It does not carry passengers, and it mainly carries public works and power supply personnel. It mainly checks the lines that are blocked at night that day to ensure the safe operation of the passenger EMUs that follow.

Some netizens have long called for the high-speed rail to confirm that the train is loaded, so as to avoid the waste of empty cars.

Railway related people also said that in the off-season of passenger transport, the phenomenon of empty seats and empty carriages of EMUs is common, so it is a very good way to use them to carry goods.

Visible convenience

On June 15th, the first day of railway freight reform in China, the lobby of Dahongmen Business Department of Beijing Railway Freight Center was much quieter than before. This surprised Wu Yanxia, the business manager of Beijing Hongsheng Shunda Transportation Co., Ltd., who successfully handled the first business of the day.

"Now make a phone call and go online, and you will complete the delivery application. We talk more, the railway runs more errands, the procedures are less, and the procedures are reduced. This kind of reform is really good. " Wu Yanxia introduced that this time I applied for a boxcar and three containers online, and the receiving places were Handan Station in Hebei Province, Binxi Station in Heilongjiang Province, Tuanjie Village Station in Chongqing and Wanzhou Station in Sichuan Province. In the past, to handle the same batch of goods, you had to apply for a monthly plan at least one month in advance, and you had to make at least four or five trips to the station and business department, and the required vehicles were often not cashed.

Simplification of freight procedures: you can ask for transportation when you are sitting at home.

At 17: 30 on June 15th, Wang Fang, business director of Xinjiang New Grain Oil Co., Ltd. Transit Branch, hurried to the freight business hall of Wubei Station of Urumqi Railway Bureau. This is where she "worked" every day for 10 years. However, she didn’t come here today to "ask for a freight plan" or "request a car", but to feel the transformation of railway freight acceptance methods from 18: 00.

The reform of railway freight transport is known as the first shot to the market after the separation of government and enterprise, and its biggest highlight is "simplifying procedures, opening up acceptance and doing it on demand". According to Yang Chunlei, deputy director of Beijing Freight Center, before the railway freight reform, shippers need to apply for the next month’s plan at the station before the 10th of each month. After the monthly plan is approved, go to the station to copy the approved plan number and number of cars. Before delivery, you have to go to the station to submit a request for a daily train plan and fill in the cargo waybill. Go to the station to handle other related delivery procedures after requesting the approval of the train day plan. There are many round trips, which involve a lot of energy and high transportation cost, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the owner.

Speaking of the past, Wang Fang has many hard stories: "In the past, when delivering goods to the railway freight yard, from submitting the transportation plan and applying for the plan number to finally loading the car and paying the freight, the formalities were very cumbersome, and he often had to choose other modes of transportation."

Nowadays, the railway department has simplified the freight handling procedures and provided our customers with five kinds of freight handling channels, namely, logging in to the 12306 website, calling the 12306 customer service number, calling the freight station to receive the call, handling at the freight business premises and contacting the railway marketing personnel for on-site service. The customer only needs to click "I want to deliver the goods", and the railway customer service staff will take the initiative to contact the customer, ask for detailed demand information and make a quotation; As long as the customer approves, the relevant procedures such as filling in the waybill and handling the business will be handled by the railway customer service staff, which is convenient and fast.

"Starting today, I can put forward the transportation demand while sitting in my office or even at home." Wang Fang said.

After the reform, the procedures for iron ship freight transportation will be greatly simplified.

Reforming transportation organization mode: developing "door-to-door" whole logistics service

In addition to reforming the mode of freight acceptance, the railway has also vigorously reformed the mode of transportation organization. Make transportation plan according to customers’ transportation demand, arrange shipment in time, and improve transportation efficiency. In particular, we will vigorously develop the "door-to-door" whole-course logistics service of railways and accelerate the transformation of railway freight into modern logistics.

On June 15th, Hohhot Railway Bureau loaded 10,016 cars, with a cargo delivery volume of 693,000 tons, a record high since its establishment. Since June 1st, the reform of freight organization of Hohhot Railway Bureau has been put into trial operation, and achieved some initial results. Not only key enterprises such as Baotou Steel and Yitai feel that it is convenient to deliver goods, but they can even realize the fixed production by transportation, and scattered customers like Inner Mongolia Fufeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which have a variety of products and many delivery destinations, have also benefited greatly.

Not long ago, Ye Qinghua, deputy general manager of Shanghai Shanghai Port Logistics Company, called the freight business department in the northern suburb of Shanghai Freight Center for consultation. He has 10 tons of feed to be transported to Aksu, Xinjiang. Can it be handled? According to the past situation, the 10 tons of bulk cargo will be transported to Aksu, more than 5,000 kilometers away, and the railway cannot handle direct transportation. After the implementation of the freight reform, the freight business department in the northern suburbs arranged "station-to-door" transportation for customers according to the acceptance method of scattered white goods. After the customs declaration, the goods were loaded into the station, boarded the "China Railway Express" train, transported to Urumqi North Station in five days, and arrived in Aksu in three days through the "seamless docking" of trucks, which solved the urgent needs of the cargo owners.

In recent days, stations and sections of Xi ‘an Railway Bureau have actively promoted the reform of freight organization. For example, Hanzhong Locomotive Depot can make 100% connection and 100% receipt for customers who put forward transportation needs by telephone or online reservation, so as to fully meet diversified transportation needs.

In the three provinces of Guangdong, Hunan and Qiong, the reform is even stronger. Guangzhou Railway Group has continuously increased logistics services such as receiving, loading and unloading, warehousing, packaging, processing and distribution, and the original simple "station-to-station" transportation has become a "door-to-door" service. At present, the shippers in Guangdong, Hunan and Qiong provinces have begun to enjoy this kind of "after-care" service and "extended" service. They can not only provide door-to-door or door-to-door transportation services at the departure station, but also provide personalized needs such as short-distance delivery after the goods arrive at the station. At the same time, Guangzhou Railway Group has continuously developed and promoted the combined transportation modes of railways, highways, waterways and aviation, and laid a "sea, land and air corridor" to further facilitate shippers.

Clean up and standardize freight charges: a quotation, a bill of lading for verification.

The price problem is the most sensitive and concerned issue for the majority of shippers. The railway freight reform pushed for "one-price" charges. The national railways clean up and standardize freight charges, and strictly implement the national freight rate policy. It is not only simple and convenient, but also easy to calculate, and the transportation cost is more transparent and open.

"This railway freight reform, ‘ Door to door ’ Whole journey ‘ A bite price ’ Service, reducing circulation links, saving time and cost, reducing logistics costs, and benefiting customers. I hope that the future railway freight service will be more convenient and fast. " Li Wenming, Zhejiang Jinhua Tieji Freight Forwarding Co., Ltd., is an old customer of the railway, and is ready to develop into a big customer of the railway after the initial reform.

"Now you can swipe your card when you pay, which saves the time for banks to withdraw cash and reduces the inconvenience of carrying a lot of cash. It would be better if railway freight can be paid online in the future. " Wu Yanxia expressed the expectations of the majority of cargo owners for further deepening the reform of the railway.

Yang Liuqing, director of the freight marketing center of Hohhot Railway Bureau, said: "The reform of freight organization has just started, and it is impossible to do it overnight. In the process of reform, there will definitely be such problems, and we will continue to improve. "

Background analysis:

Why should we reform freight transportation?

The person in charge of the Transportation Bureau of China Railway Corporation said that at present, there are many problems in railway freight service, such as complicated procedures, disconnection between transportation organization and market demand, irregular transportation charges and insufficient transparency in capacity distribution. By deepening the reform, the problems of railway freight service will be fundamentally solved, the pace of railway going to the market will be accelerated, and the railway’s ability to cope with market changes will be enhanced.

However, this is not the whole reason. According to the minutes of the railway freight reform meeting held on May 20th, Sheng Guangzu, general manager of China Railway Corporation, said at the meeting that freight is the main source of railway operating income, and whether freight can better adapt to and occupy the market is related to the overall situation of railway survival and development.

Railway Freight Reform Conference Held by Railway Corporation

He introduced that since the beginning of this year, the railway supply has fallen sharply, and the freight volume has dropped significantly. From January to April, the freight delivery volume of the whole railway decreased by 5.7% year-on-year. While the railway freight volume has decreased, the logistics of the whole society has achieved a great increase.

He said: "In this case, if railway freight is still focused on bulk materials, it will be difficult to gain a foothold in market competition."

Whose cheese will the reform move?

According to Sheng Guangzu’s speech on May 20th, the basic idea of this adjustment is:The container transportation business returned to the Railway Bureau, and the related assets were transferred to the Railway Bureau. The container company no longer engaged in the railway transportation organization and management business, and was responsible for the railway container operation and management; Railway luggage carts, luggage compartments, luggage and parcel trains and bases have returned to the railway bureau, and express companies no longer engage in railway transportation organization and management business and become logistics enterprises that provide full logistics services to the society; Special cargo companies focus on expanding the business of commercial vehicles, large pieces and refrigerated transportation, and encourage railway bureaus to participate more in special cargo management.

The reporter contacted the relevant person of China Railway Container, who said, "This is not something that can be clearly stated in one sentence, and I dare not say it now."

Railway-related people believe that this reform has reduced the authority of China Railway Container, China Railway Express and China Railway Special Goods. Originally, they could determine how many trains to run and where to drive, but now this part of the power is vested in the Railway Bureau, and these companies only manage the business of receiving goods, delivering goods and collecting money.There are great benefits in the transportation organization and management business. Ding Shumiao in Liu Zhijun’s case made his fortune by helping people find wagons.

The source said that in addition to the interests of the moving department, there are also the interests of some people, among which the personal operating space of freight forwarders and wagons is small. It turns out that people who do loading, unloading, handling and delivery at the station will have miscellaneous charges. When wagons are tight, planners in some stations can earn up to 10,000 yuan a day.

Structure diagram of units under China Railway Corporation

On August 31st, 1991, the State Council held a national working conference on cleaning up "triangular debts". The main contents are as follows: 1. "Triangle debt" has become a serious obstacle to the normal operation of the national economy, and it is imperative to fundamentally solve the problem of "triangle debt". The State Council decided to clean up the "triangle debt" as a breakthrough to enliven large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and control the economic order. The main leaders of local governments should personally ask about the cleanup work and put it on the agenda; Overcome wrong ideas, seize the time and do it well in three years. Second, the meeting stipulated the guiding ideology, main tasks, main practices and key targets of this work, and stipulated the time limit for the occurrence of this "triangular debt" included in the clean-up, as of June 30, 1991. Third, the meeting exchanged the experience of the pilot project of clearing debts in Northeast China and the measures to prevent debts. Combined with the actual situation of various regions and departments, the meeting formulated more specific and feasible scheme measures for clearing debts and preventing debts, and put forward specific requirements for the next step of clearing debts.

On August 17th, 1992, the Office of the Leading Group for Clearing Triangular Debts in the State Council introduced that China had made great progress in clearing triangular debts.

By the end of July, except for a few projects that did not meet the loan conditions and the national industrial policy, the arrears of national capital construction and technological transformation before the end of 1991 had been basically cleared up, one year ahead of schedule. In the past two years, the state has injected 51 billion yuan to clean up triangular debts. And take the scientific method of cleaning up the fixed assets from the source of default for five consecutive years, and untie the debt chain of enterprises by more than 200 billion yuan, which has achieved good results by investing funds in 1 yuan to clear 4 yuan’s arrears. This progress has eased the debt chain burden for large and medium-sized enterprises, thus creating favorable conditions for the rational growth of the national economy.

However, there are still some provinces and cities with projects with funding gaps, resulting in new arrears; There are also some enterprises that do not look at the market and blindly produce, resulting in a backlog of products. The State Council asked all regions and departments not to leave a gap in funds for new projects to prevent new arrears, and reiterated that the state would no longer organize the liquidation of arrears that occurred after 1992.

　　Beijing, January 4 (Reporter Li Jinlei) Recently, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments have successively held annual work meetings to deploy key tasks in 2019, and Huimin has become one of the key words.

　　Implement larger-scale tax reduction and fee reduction, implement the policy of reducing social security rate, solve the housing problem of new citizens, reduce highway charges, and continue to carry out network speed-up and fee reduction … … In 2019, these policies will enrich your wallet.

　　Implement a larger tax reduction and fee reduction.

　　The National Financial Work Conference made it clear that the proactive fiscal policy in 2019 should be strengthened to improve efficiency and implement a larger scale of tax reduction and fee reduction.

　　How to reduce taxes and fees? Liu Kun, Minister of Finance, said that the combination of inclusive tax cuts and structural tax cuts will focus on reducing the tax burden of manufacturing and small and micro enterprises and supporting the development of the real economy. Implement inclusive tax relief for small and micro enterprises and technology start-ups. Fully implement the revised individual income tax law, implement six special additional deduction policies, and reduce the tax burden of residents.

　　In 2018, China implemented a large-scale tax reduction and fee reduction, including the reduction of the value-added tax rate, and the annual tax reduction and fee reduction scale is expected to exceed 1.3 trillion yuan.

　　For ordinary residents, in 2019, they will receive a red envelope for tax reduction, and expenses such as children’s education, continuing education, serious illness medical care, housing loan interest or housing rent, and support for the elderly can be deducted before tax, and the tax paid by the people will be further reduced. The monthly income of 10,000 yuan may be zero, and the income will increase.

　　Implement the policy of reducing social security rates.

　　The National Conference on Human Resources and Social Security proposed that in 2019, we should actively and steadily promote the reform of the old-age insurance system, implement the policy of reducing social insurance rates, and promote the sustainable development of the social security system.

　　At present, the social security rate is decreasing in stages. From May 1, 2018, the period of phased rate reduction for pension insurance, unemployment insurance and work-related injury insurance was extended to April 30, 2019.

　　In 2019, the social security fee reduction is expected to usher in the fifth reduction. Since 2015, China has successively reduced or phased down the social insurance premium rate for four times, and the overall social insurance premium rate has been reduced from 41% to 37.25%, which has reduced the cost of enterprises by about 315 billion yuan.

　　The pension insurance rate may continue to be one of the breakthroughs. As early as the press conference of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in the third quarter of 2018, Lu Aihong, a spokesperson for the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that he would implement the request of the the State Council executive meeting to study and put forward specific measures to continue to reduce the social security rate, and work with relevant departments to study and formulate specific plans to reduce the old-age insurance rate.

　　Stabilize housing prices and support new citizens to rent houses and buy houses.

　　The National Conference on Housing and Urban-Rural Construction put forward that in 2019, the goal is to stabilize land prices and house prices, and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. Adhere to the position that the house is for living, not for speculation. Support reasonable self-occupation demand and resolutely curb speculative real estate speculation.

　　In addition, to solve the housing problem of new citizens as the main starting point, fill in the shortcomings of rental housing. Guide large and medium-sized cities to comprehensively cultivate and develop the housing rental market. Increase support for low-and middle-income families and new citizens in cities and towns to rent houses and buy houses.

　　In 2018, under the requirements of the central government to "resolutely curb the rise in housing prices", the real estate regulation and control policies continued to increase, the number of regulation and control set a new historical record, and the property market cooled down.

　　Zhang Bo, chief analyst of 58 Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, believes that 2018 is the year of regulation, and the most anticipated year in 2019 is the year of stability. In this context, the cooling of first-tier cities, especially the downward space for housing prices, will become limited, and second-and third-tier cities will show more obvious regional differences. Cities that rise rapidly in 2018 will usher in cooling.

　　Reduce highway charges, etc.

　　In 2019, the National Transportation Work Conference proposed that it is necessary to promote institutional cost reduction and efficiency improvement, focus on controlling arbitrary charges and fines, and reduce fees for highways, airports, ports and railways.

　　Specifically, it is necessary to deepen the reform of the toll road system, continue to implement the requirements of reducing the cost of crossing the bridge, comprehensively promote the differentiated toll of expressways, and solidly promote the pilot provinces and cities to cancel the toll stations at the provincial boundaries of expressways.

　　Recently, Jiangsu, Shandong, Chongqing and Sichuan, as the first batch of pilot provinces, took the lead in canceling 15 provincial toll stations on expressways, marking a solid first step in promoting the reform of canceling provincial toll stations on expressways.

　　After the provincial toll station of expressway is cancelled, the original toll collection facilities on the main line surface will be gradually dismantled, and vehicles can pass directly at the provincial boundary without stopping, and there is no need to stop and hand in the card and get the card, which will greatly reduce the transit time and significantly improve the traffic efficiency.

　　Continue to carry out network speed-up and fee reduction

　　The National Conference on Industry and Informatization made it clear that in 2019, we will continue to speed up and reduce fees on the Internet, launch the action of "double G and double lifting, same speed on the same network" in broadband networks, accelerate the promotion of fixed broadband gigabit applications, and do a good job in accurately reducing fees for poor households and small and medium-sized enterprises who set up files, promote the substantial reduction of roaming fees between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao, and strictly investigate tariff marketing violations.

　　The 2018 government work report proposes to cancel the "roaming" fee for traffic, and the mobile network traffic tariff will be reduced by at least 30% during the year. Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that the target task of speeding up and reducing network fees proposed in the government work report has been overfulfilled ahead of schedule.

　　At present, the number of Internet users in China has exceeded 802 million, and the number of mobile Internet users has exceeded 1.26 billion, and the traffic demand has exploded. In November 2018, the average mobile Internet access traffic reached 5.79GB, a year-on-year increase of 142.3%.

　　In 2019, Internet speed-up and fee reduction will continue, and China netizens will surf the Internet more smoothly, which is expected to enjoy a new wave of real money speed-up and fee reduction bonus. (End)

　　　　　　 CCTV News:In the peace process in Myanmar in recent years, China has been actively persuading and promoting talks, assisting the Myanmar government to build a communication platform with many ethnic minority local armed forces in northern Myanmar, and vigorously promoting these armed groups to participate in peace talks.

　　　　　　 At the 3rd Panglong Conference of the 21st Century and the Federal Peace Conference in Myanmar, which started on 11th, with the coordination and promotion of China, local armed representatives of seven ethnic groups in northern Myanmar attended the conference.

　　　　　　 The Binlong Conference specially set up the 3+4 talks. Among the seven ethnic local armed forces that have not signed a national ceasefire agreement with the government, the De ‘ang ethnic armed forces, the Kokang Allied Forces and the Rakhine ethnic armed forces, which have not been officially recognized by the government, and the UWSA, the Kachin Independence Army, the North Shan Army and the Fourth Special Zone of Shan State, which have been recognized by the government, have all started direct dialogue with the Myanmar government and military.

　　　　　　 Jiang Zhiming, the representative of the peace talks in the Fourth Special Zone of Shan State, said: "We feel that all of us have come here to work together for peace in Myanmar. This is a successful start."

　　　　　　 Zou Mo, vice chairman of Kachin Independent Armed Forces, said: "At present, we believe that the most important difficulty to be overcome in the peace talks is to reach mutual understanding, the second is the difference between the two sides in defining some concepts, and the third is how to sign a national ceasefire agreement. I believe that only by solving these three difficulties can the peace talks continue to advance. "

　　　　　　 This series of talks is an important impetus to the realization of peace in northern Myanmar, which indicates that the Myanmar government has taken an important step in building a peace system in northern Myanmar. In order to realize this round of dialogue, the Special Envoy for Asian Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China went to various places to assist in communication and mediation, which played an important role in the success of the conference.

　　　　　　 Sun Guoxiang, Special Envoy for Asian Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, said: "This time, the number of ethnic minorities from the north is the largest, so they also expressed their aspirations and hoped to have more contacts with the government and the military. We hope to see the increase of such contacts and mutual trust. China will, as always, continue to play the role of persuading and promoting talks and help them build a platform for communication. "

　　Photo courtesy of vision china

　　1.54 billion yuan

　　In addition to ancient buildings and transportation infrastructure, the project achievements have been applied to many other livelihood projects, such as the isolation and reinforcement projects of important buildings such as primary and secondary schools and hospitals, and the construction projects of high-rise isolation residential areas. There are more than 60 projects of various categories, with a total construction area of about 3.36 million square meters and direct economic benefits of 1.54 billion yuan.

　　Key words of "people’s livelihood" in science and technology awards ③

　　2021 is the 45th anniversary of the Tangshan earthquake. In the past half century, in order to cope with the challenges caused by the earthquake and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property, the scientific and industrial circles have made great efforts. Since 1990s, isolation has gradually become one of the important concepts in the field of disaster reduction and resistance.

　　At the 2020 National Science and Technology Awards Conference held a few days ago, the project "Key Technology and Engineering Application of High Performance Isolation Building Series" won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award. The project was jointly completed by Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southeast University, China Institute of Building Science, Beijing Institute of Architectural Design and Research, China Institute of Building Standards Design and Research, Beijing Infrastructure Investment Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Hongji New Energy Saving Technology Co., Ltd. The appraisal by the expert committee shows that the achievements of the project have reached the international advanced level, among which the design method of high-performance isolation buildings and high-performance isolation devices have reached the international leading level. The results of the project have been applied to many major projects.

　　What is isolation, how to understand the "high performance" in the project, and which major livelihood projects have applied high performance isolation technology? The reporter of Science and Technology Daily contacted a number of relevant units and asked them to give professional answers to these questions.

　　The core feature of seismic isolation is "being flexible and being rigid"

　　"Isolation is like stepping on a building ‘ Roller skates ’ 。” At the exhibition of application technology achievements of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief held in July 2021, the staff from Zhen ‘an Technology, a manufacturer of seismic isolation, introduced the characteristics of seismic isolation technology to the reporter of Science and Technology Daily. "The traditional concept of building earthquake resistance is to play hardball, ‘ Make rigidity with rigidity ’ The main means is to increase the physical strength of the members, which will lead to stronger earthquake action of the superstructure. The core concept of seismic isolation technology is ‘ Take Roukegang ’ Isolation devices, such as rubber bearings and dampers, are installed between the foundation or substructure of the building and the superstructure to reduce the seismic energy input to the superstructure, which can reduce the seismic action to 1/4 to 1/8. "

　　The physical model demonstrated in the field shows that when an earthquake occurs, the superstructure with isolation device only moves in parallel with a relatively small amplitude, while the building without isolation technology shakes much more violently. "This is the basic principle of isolation." The staff introduced.

　　However, this simple model is not enough to present the complete connotation of isolation technology. In reality, the application of technology must deal with all kinds of complex needs and scenes, such as high-rise residential buildings, hospitals, subways and historical buildings, which all have different conditions and requirements for isolation technology. In the design and construction of isolated buildings, there have been four major problems in the world for a long time, such as lack of applicability of design theory, lack of systematicness of design technology, lack of efficiency of key devices and lack of standardization of quality control. Therefore, the project "Key Technology and Engineering Application of High Performance Isolation Building Series" came into being, aiming at solving a series of key problems about high performance isolation technology.

　　There are both theoretical breakthroughs and practical applications

　　In view of the four long-standing problems, the project has mainly realized four innovations, namely, the design theory of high-performance isolation structure, the multi-objective integrated design technology of isolation structure, a series of high-performance isolation devices with adjustable functions, and the quality control technology of isolation building construction, and edited a series of standards.

　　"Our project lasted for more than 20 years and produced a lot of results, with rich content." In an exclusive interview with Science and Technology Daily, Guo Tong, the second winner of the award-winning project and a professor at the School of Civil Engineering of Southeast University, explained that the project has published 166 papers, won 30 invention patents and published 5 works, and the results have been applied to more than 60 important projects.

　　"For example, we have developed a variety of high-performance isolation bearings, such as rubber bearings with ultra-low modulus and high damping, adjustable and low-frequency sensitive composite isolation bearings, and new tension-controllable isolation bearings. In addition to bearings, there are other devices, such as adjustable viscous dampers and large deformation flexible pipes, which are our achievements in device research and development. However, the project results are not only the device, but also the design theory, design technology and quality standards. " Guo Tong added.

　　As the second completion unit of the award-winning project, Southeast University took the lead in completing a number of project achievements, covering the main aspects of the above four innovations. In addition to innovation in design and theory, the project has many achievements in engineering application and promotion, and many of these achievements have already landed and become a part of people’s livelihood projects in daily life.

　　It has been widely used in people’s livelihood projects

　　"Add the bottom" to the ancient building and "add the cover" to the subway … … Among the application achievements of the project "Key Technology and Engineering Application of High Performance Isolation Building Series", there are many such "ingenious pens".

　　In 1933, at the initiative of Cai Yuanpei and others, the Humanities Museum of the National Central Museum was completed in Nanjing, which is today’s Nanjing Museum. With the help of seismic isolation technology, this 80-year-old national key cultural relics protection building has become more "young" — — With the advanced technologies such as integral lifting (3m) and seismic isolation and reinforcement, the seismic level of the building has been effectively improved, the appearance and features have not been damaged, and the internal space of the building has also been expanded, giving cultural protection units and visitors more margin. After the completion of the project, the Disaster Prevention Research Center of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development included this reinforcement of Nanjing Museum as a classic case and also selected it as the cover of the published series.

　　In another famous historical and cultural city, Beijing, thousands of miles away, the achievements of isolation technology also show their talents. Compared with Nanjing, some natural and human conditions in Beijing are more complicated: being in an earthquake-prone area, earthquakes have been frequent since ancient times; It has the longest subway system in the world; There is a large population and the intensive land use of transportation hubs is tight. Seismic isolation technology plays a key role in the construction of high-performance buildings. In Beijing Metro Line 6 Kunyufu, Line 8 Park Yuefu and Line 16 Beian River Cover, the key technologies of complex high-rise isolation structures have been popularized and applied, with an application area of 890,000 square meters, which is the largest cover isolation building complex in the world at present.

　　In addition to the above-mentioned subway superstructure isolation building, there is also a major infrastructure project in Beijing that adopts the project results. According to the data provided by China Institute of Building Standards Design and Research, the fifth completion unit of the project, the national industry standard of Flexible Pipeline for Building Isolation edited by this unit has been applied to the high-performance isolation device of Beijing Daxing Airport. Daxing Airport, located on the southern extension line of Beijing’s central axis, is the largest single isolation building in the world at present. A total of 1,152 sets of isolation devices are used in the terminal building, and the rubber isolation bearings used are the highest in China, both in volume and tonnage of a single bearing.

　　A major feature of Daxing Airport is that different means of transportation can transfer at the same station, and the negative second floor of the terminal is used for high-speed rail, subway and intercity trains. The high-speed entry and exit of trains will produce strong vibration and large wind pressure, which is also one of the difficulties that isolation technology in China has overcome.

　　Guo Tong said that in addition to ancient buildings and transportation infrastructure, the results of the project are also applied to many other livelihood projects, such as the isolation and reinforcement projects of important buildings such as primary and secondary schools and hospitals, and the construction projects of high-rise isolation residential areas, such as the Tianyang Innovation City project in Yanjiao, Hebei Province, with a total area of about 1.14 million square meters, and the Xichang Territory project in Sichuan Province, which is located near the fault in the 9-degree zone (the earthquake amplification factor is 1.5). There are more than 60 projects of various categories, with a total construction area of about 3.36 million square meters and direct economic benefits of 1.54 billion yuan.

　　According to the data of Sichuan Seismological Bureau, as early as 2015, the total number of buildings applying isolation technology in China has exceeded 6,000, accounting for half of the world, more than 5,000 in Japan, ranking first in the world. The staff of Zhen ‘an Science and Technology said that at present, there are more than 10,000 buildings applying isolation technology in China.

　　Guo Tong commented that as an efficient means of structural earthquake prevention, isolation technology has broad application prospects in the future. Technicians are still developing various isolation devices with excellent performance and expanding their application scope, contributing to improving the city’s disaster prevention capability.

　　◎ Intern reporter Sun Mingyuan

Nepal is a paradise for hikers to make pilgrimages. There are nearly 100 hiking routes here, among which Poonhill (Bryan) Small Ring Road, Anna Poorna Base Camp Line (ABC) and Himalayan Base Camp (EBC) are more mature and popular.

In the ABC line, which is the most popular among Chinese people, it is no exaggeration to say that this hiking trip, which takes nearly 1-2 weeks, is not to touch heaven, but to really be in the "paradise of snow peaks": Anna Poorna, Manaslu, Dharagiri and Nepali Shenshan Fishtail, among the top ten peaks in the world over 8000m meters, accompany you day and night, and the landscape changes brought by the vertical height difference make the four seasons scenery panoramic: forest, meadow, pastoral and Nepali.

Walking around the mountains in Nepal may be the distance in the world, before the front. Meng, a traveler on Tripadvisor, shared his unique experience of ABC trekking in Nepal during the Spring Festival. Because his heart is towards the mountains, he never stops exploring.

"After a long journey of 12 days, I finally arrived at Anna Poorna’s base camp in the Himalayas. We walk for 6-11 hours every day, starting from the tropical forest, passing through the bushes and reaching the foot of Anna Poorna Glacier.

It can be seen that ABC is a relatively mature route during hiking. The guide will adjust the specific itinerary according to everyone’s situation and weather conditions on that day. If someone in the team can’t keep up, they will stop to have a rest or make other adjustments. The scenery along the route is very good. When we reached the summit, we saw the sunset and starry sky, and the sunrise the next morning, all of which were very shocking and beautiful. Once again, we lamented that we were really small in front of nature.

Because it was during the Spring Festival, the guides also celebrated New Year’s Eve with us, singing and dancing, which was very interesting. At the beginning of the new year, it is even more meaningful to complete an extreme challenge. By the way, on the way back, there are hot springs by the river flowing down from the glacier! "

More world-renowned hiking routes

New year, a challenge?

4 days and 3 nights hiking along the Inca trail

2022 Tripadvisor Traveler’s Choice Supreme Award

Peru Cuzco

"I completed a 4-day and 3-night hiking trip on the ancient Inca road with the alpaca expedition, and met the challenges and beautiful scenery all the way until I arrived at Machu Picchu! The Inca trail itself is very challenging (please pay attention to the influence of high reflexivity! ) But it’s worth it for the scenery and the Inca ruins (not just Machu Picchu)!

The porters in the team are the hardest, carrying tents and all the equipment, and making sure that the camp has been set up before we arrive. They are really superman!

Every day, the three meals we set up camp are made fresh, which is more delicious than restaurants! Alex, our chef, made creamy butter jam, cakes, soups and many Peruvian specialties. He also took good care of the team’s various dietary restrictions and preferences, just like I ate super-satisfied vegetarian food this time. "

The helicopter went hiking on the moving glacier.

New Zealand fox

"The view of the glacier from the helicopter is amazing, not to mention walking on the glacier. We arrived at Fox Glacier in about 5 minutes by helicopter, and the beauty of the flight was full of surprises!

Professional guides lead the dressing (providing backpacks, windbreakers, socks, hiking shoes, walking sticks and crampons), hiking and sightseeing. The whole glacier is beautiful!

Step by step on the glacier and explore the beautiful blue ice cave. It’s really beautiful! We took a lot of photos. Later, because of the weather, we stayed on the mountain for 3 hours. The guide led us to keep our body temperature on the cold ice. The unforgettable journey, many first-time experiences (helicopter, crampons, glaciers, ice caves, glacial water …) were still memorable after returning home. "

Baddour Mountain Sunrise Hiking Experience

Indonesia Bali

"I thoroughly enjoyed a sunrise hike that I will never forget. When the sun rises and the tour guide takes out the guitar, this morning that belongs to us at the top of the mountain is simply beautiful and unforgettable.

Before dawn, the driver came to the hotel to pick us up and go to Baddour Mountain Base Camp, holding a cane and flashlight, and followed the guide at his own comfortable pace. As soon as we reached the top of the mountain, he gave us a breakfast reward for our homework! Including mixed sandwiches, boiled eggs, chocolate bars and fruits ~

After sunrise, the guide introduced us to the best place to take pictures, climbed to the highest point of the mountain and saw the steaming volcanic vent, which was a wonderful feeling. Hiking and chatting with guides all the way have deepened my love and understanding of Bali for several layers. "

Hiking/skydiving/diving/stargazing …

Do you want to challenge once in 2023?

The traveler’s journey is high mountains and deep valleys, the stars and the sea.

The new year, towards the mountains

Let’s keep going together!

– END –

* the story of the year in the text

From the real comments on Tripadvisor’s official website

Original title: "Walking to a windy place, here is the Himalayas"

Read the original text

　　Cctv news(News Network): At 9: 48 pm on May 21, an earthquake measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale occurred in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. As of 6 pm on the 22nd, 3 people were killed and 28 injured in the earthquake. At 2: 04 am on the 22nd, an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale struck near maduo county, Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province. By 6 pm on the 22nd, 11 people were injured in the earthquake. After the earthquake, the rescue work in relevant areas was carried out quickly.

　　After the earthquake in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, many rescue forces rushed to the earthquake area for the first time, and the work of search and rescue, rescue and emergency evacuation was carried out. Up to now, more than 16,000 people have invested in various earthquake relief forces. In Yangbi County, 380 resettlement sites of various types have been set up, and more than 85,000 people have been resettled.

　　After the earthquake, the emergency management department immediately launched emergency response, continuously dispatched and guided earthquake relief, and sent a working group to the earthquake area.

　　In maduo county, Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province, the average elevation near the epicenter of the 7.4-magnitude earthquake is about 4,230 meters, and the population is sparse. After the earthquake, many rescue forces rushed to the earthquake zone and quickly put into emergency rescue. We carried out dragnet investigation on schools and residential houses, and visited more than 750 households, and the transfer and resettlement work was carried out simultaneously. A reporter at a resettlement site in maduo county saw that relief tents had been set up, and quilts, cotton-padded clothes, food and other materials had also been distributed.

　　On the 22nd, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Emergency Management allocated 10 million yuan of central natural disaster relief funds to Yunnan and Qinghai respectively.

　　According to experts from China Seismological Network Center, there is no direct correlation between the earthquake of magnitude 6.4 in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province and the earthquake of magnitude 7.4 in maduo county, Guoluo Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

CCTV News:As the first scientific experiment module of China Space Station and an important part of the National Space Laboratory, "Asking for Heaven" will provide more space for astronauts to work and live in orbit, and also provide a larger platform for space science experiments and applications.

Powerful function and complete equipment: China Space Station welcomes "new house"

With a total length of 17.9 meters and a maximum diameter of 4.2 meters, the candlestick experimental module is the largest single-cabin active aircraft in China at present. It is composed of a working module, an airlock module and a resource module, and each module undertakes different functions. In the working cabin, eight experimental cabinets are equipped, which can support space life science research and some corresponding variable gravity scientific experiments in the future. This cabin also has a sleeping area and a sanitary area for astronauts to live, exercise and eat.

Liang Xiaofeng, chief designer of the overall responsibility of the experimental cabin of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:There are three sleeping areas in the core cabin and three sleeping areas in the experimental cabin. This design is mainly for six astronauts to live together in orbit and provide them with more spacious work (space), including living space.

Small manipulator: "short and pithy" can carry out more extravehicular operations.

There is also a set of 5-meter-long small mechanical arm outside the airlock of the candlestick experimental module. This 7-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm is compact, high precision and more precise in operation. In the future, the forearm can also form a 15-meter-long combined arm with the big arm of the core module to carry out more extravehicular operations in the three-module assembly of the space station.

The scientific experimental cabinet "launches with the cabin" and "displays its skills" in space

There are also a number of mysterious cabinets that enter space with the Inquisition Experimental Module — — The scientific experimental cabinets mainly include 14 scientific experimental cabinets in a sealed cabin, an extravehicular exposure experimental platform and a common-orbit survey telescope, which support the scientific research on space astronomy, space life science and biotechnology, microgravity basic physics and so on.

Zhong Hongen, Deputy Chief of Space Application System of Manned Space Engineering, Researcher of Space Application Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences:For the first time, the international advanced scientific experimental cabinet was adopted to build a large-scale experimental facility, and the 500 kg scientific experimental facility is equivalent to the size of a medium-sized satellite.

According to reports, the Kaitian experimental cabin has deployed scientific experimental facilities such as life ecology experimental cabinets, biotechnology experimental cabinets, scientific glove boxes and low-temperature storage cabinets, variable gravity scientific experimental cabinets, and extravehicular exposure test devices.

The space station will carry out nearly 1,000 research projects in four major fields in the future.

China Space Station will be in orbit for more than 10 years after its completion. Experts said that in the future, China Space Station will carry out 65 research projects in four major fields, including space life science and human body research, microgravity physics science, space astronomy and earth science, and new space technology and application, including nearly 1,000 research projects, to explore a series of scientific problems faced by human beings in long-term space survival, which will comprehensively open a new era of space science research and application in China.

In recent years, the Ministry of Public Security has focused on the telecom network fraud that people hate, comprehensively strengthened the construction of "four specialties and two synergies", and organized public security organs across the country to further promote the prevention and control work with unprecedented efforts and measures, effectively curbing the rapid rise of cases and effectively safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the people. At present, the crime situation of telecommunication network fraud is still grim, with 10 common fraud types accounting for nearly 80%, such as billing rebate, false network investment and wealth management, false network loan, impersonating e-commerce logistics customer service, impersonating public security law and false credit reporting, among which billing rebate fraud has the highest incidence rate, accounting for about one third of the cases, and false network investment and wealth management fraud has the largest amount of losses, accounting for about one third of the losses.

Brush-off rebate fraud

Online rebate fraud has gradually evolved into a major type of fraud with the largest variety and the fastest change. It has become the main drainage method for other complex frauds such as false investment and wealth management, loans, and other illegal crimes such as online gambling and online pornography. Major cases of being defrauded of more than one million yuan have occurred from time to time. Most of the deceived people are school students, low-income groups and unemployed people.

[Typical Case 1] Shao saw the message of "free gift, praise comments and commission return" and the QR code in the WeChat group, scanned the code, contacted the customer service and downloaded an APP as required, and then did the brushing task under the guidance of the receptionist in the APP. After completing five small tasks, I received the corresponding commission, and all of them can be withdrawn to the bank card. Shao Mou started to subscribe for a larger portfolio task list, and invested a total principal of 110,000 yuan. However, after completing the task as required, it was found that it was impossible to withdraw cash. The APP "receptionist" said that Shao’s operation error caused a "card slip" and he had to do another compound task to withdraw cash. Shao only found out that he was cheated at this time.

False network investment and wealth management fraud

In such cases, some fraudsters drag the victims into the so-called "investment" group chat in various ways, and then pretend to be investment tutors and financial advisers to send false news of investment success or "live classes" to defraud the victims’ trust; Some determine the marriage relationship with the victim through the dating platform, and then defraud the victim’s trust on the grounds of having special resources and loopholes in the platform to obtain high financial returns. Subsequently, the fraudsters induced the victim to open an account on the false investment platform to invest, and gave the victim a rebate for the small investment in the early stage. Once the victim increased the capital investment, it would be impossible to withdraw cash. Most of the deceived people are single people with certain income and assets or groups keen on investing and stock trading.

[Typical Case 2] While watching the live broadcast of stock trading knowledge on a live broadcast platform, Yu received Friend Request, who claimed to be the anchor. After a private chat, the two sides added QQ friends, and the other party will pull into an investment exchange group in a certain place. When Yu saw other people investing in an APP in the group, he downloaded the APP and made investment operations in the APP according to the instructions of the group administrator. The small-scale experiments were successful and successfully cashed out. When Yu felt profitable, he invested a total of 3.47 million yuan in the APP. Until the end of the month, Yu found that the balance in the APP could not be withdrawn and was blacked out by the other party, only to find that he was cheated.

False online loan fraud

Fraudsters post advertising information on handling loans, credit cards and cash withdrawals through online media, telephone calls, text messages, social tools, etc., and then pretend to be employees of banks and financial companies to contact the victims, falsely claiming that they can "mortgage-free", "exempt letters" and "lend quickly" to trick the victims into downloading fake loan apps or logging on fake websites. Then, on the grounds of collecting "handling fee", "deposit" and "agency fee", the victim is tricked into transferring money and remittance. After receiving the victim’s transfer, the fraudster closes the fake APP or fake website and blackes out the victim. Most of the deceived people are people who have urgent loan needs and are in urgent need of money turnover.

[Typical Case 3] Fan received a call claiming to be the customer service of a financial platform and asked if there was a loan demand. Because Fan just needed capital turnover, he added a WeChat friend of the other company and downloaded a "loan" APP. After Fan APPlied for a loan on the app, the other party asked him to transfer money on the grounds of paying membership fees, unfreezing money, and proving repayment ability. After Fan transferred 137,000 yuan to the other party, the other party still said that the loan conditions were not met and he could not lend, and then he lost contact. Fan found that the downloaded APP could not log in, only to find that he was cheated.

Pretending to be an e-commerce logistics customer service fraud

Fraudsters pretend to be e-commerce platforms or customer service of logistics express companies, falsely claiming that the goods purchased online by the victims have quality problems or the goods sold have been taken off the shelves due to violations, and inducing the victims to provide information such as bank cards and mobile phone verification codes on the grounds that they need to pay for "claim refund" or "reactivate the store", and guiding the victims to transfer money and remit money through screen sharing or requesting to download designated apps. Most of the deceived people are consumers who often shop online on e-commerce platforms or shop operators of e-commerce platforms.

[Typical Case 4] Du Mou received a call claiming to be "customer service" of an online shop, saying that the hair dye he bought a few days ago had quality problems, and now he needs to make a refund to Du Mou, and Du Mou believes it. The "customer service" induced Du to download an APP, through which he opened the screen sharing function of the mobile phone and followed the instructions. Subsequently, Du’s mobile phone received a text message that the bank card was transferred to 20,000 yuan, only to find that it was cheated.

Pretending to be a public security fraud

The fraudsters obtained the victim’s personal identity information through illegal channels, then pretended to be the staff of the public security organs, contacted the victim by telephone, WeChat, QQ, etc., threatened and intimidated the victim on the grounds that he was suspected of money laundering, illegal entry and exit, possession of drugs by express delivery, passport problems and other illegal crimes, demanded to cooperate with the investigation and keep it strictly confidential, and showed the victim false legal documents such as "arrest warrant", "wanted order" and "property freezing book" to increase credibility. At the same time, the victim is required to go to a closed space such as a hotel, "cooperate" with his work under the condition of blocking contact with the outside world, and transfer the funds to a "safe account" to commit fraud.

[Typical Case 5] Yang received a phone call claiming to be a policeman of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, claiming that a bank account under Yang’s name was suspected of illegal money laundering and asked him to go to Shanghai Public Security Bureau for handling. Yang said that he couldn’t go. The other party asked him to add QQ friends and sent a file showing Yang’s photos, which contained content such as being sentenced for money laundering. Yang was afraid. Subsequently, the other party asked Yang to cooperate with the investigation in the unoccupied room on the grounds of involving police secrets, and said that if Yang wanted to remove the suspect, he needed to transfer all the money in the card to a "safe account", and the money would be returned after the case was found out. Yang then transferred 50,000 yuan to the bank account provided by the other party. Later, due to the request of the other party to delete all chat records, Yang discovered that he was cheated.

False credit fraud

Fraudsters pretend to be banks, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission staff or online loan platform staff to establish contact with the victims, falsely claiming that the accounts previously opened by the victims through campus loans, student loans, etc. have not been cancelled in time, and the relevant accounts need to be cancelled; Or lie that the victim’s credit payment tools such as credit cards, flower beds, and borrowing beds have bad records, and it is necessary to eliminate relevant records, otherwise personal credit information will be seriously affected. Subsequently, on the grounds of eliminating bad credit records and verifying running water, fraudsters induced victims to make loans on online loan platforms or Internet finance apps, and transferred the money to their designated accounts, thus committing fraud.

[Typical Case 6] Wang received a phone call from a staff member who claimed to handle high-interest loans in China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The other party said that Wang had a bad record caused by loans overdue, which would affect his personal credit information. After some communication, Wang believed the identity of the other party and transferred money to three different accounts of the so-called "China China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission Certified Docking Account" three times, totaling 250,000 yuan, of which 230,000 yuan was the money borrowed by Wang from three financial platforms. "What other bank cards and loan apps have you used?" When the other party repeatedly asked this question, Wang just woke up and realized that he had been cheated.

False shopping and service fraud

The fraudsters posted advertisements such as "low price discount", "overseas purchasing" and "shopping in 0 yuan" on WeChat group, friends circle, online shopping platform or other websites, or provided advertisements of special services such as "writing papers", "private detectives" and "tracking and positioning" to attract the attention of victims. After getting in touch with the victim, the fraudster induced him to add friends through WeChat, QQ or other social software for discussion, and asked for private transfer on the grounds that private transactions could save "handling fees" or be more convenient. After the victim pays, the fraudster will trick the victim into continuing to transfer money and remit money on the grounds of paying customs duties, deposits, transaction taxes and handling fees, and then blacken the victim afterwards.

[Typical Case 7] Li saw an advertisement for selling a valuable liquor on the Internet, so he added the details as a WeChat friend according to the contact information left by the other party. The other party claims to be a factory direct seller, and can provide internal prices, but it needs to be traded privately. After agreeing on the price, Li transferred 11,000 yuan to his account. A few days later, when Li asked the other party for logistics distribution information, he found that he was blacked out and found that he was cheated. In order to find a liar, Li added a self-proclaimed private detective as a friend after searching for a private detective on the Internet. The other party said that he could find someone for Li through his mobile phone, but he had to pay 10,000 yuan of labor fee first. After transferring 10,000 yuan to the account provided by the other party, Li found that he was blacked out again and was deceived twice.

Pretending to be a leader and being familiar with human fraud

Fraudsters use the photos and names of the victim’s leaders, acquaintances or children’s teachers to "package" social accounts, add the victim as a "fake" friend, or pull it into WeChat chat groups. Subsequently, the fraudsters expressed concern for the victims as leaders and acquaintances, or imitated the tone of leaders, teachers and others to defraud the victims. Then ask the victim to transfer money to the designated account on the grounds that it is inconvenient to come forward and answer the phone, and constantly urge the victim to transfer money as soon as possible on the pretext of time constraints, thus implementing fraud.

[Typical Case 8] Li’s QQ account was pulled into a work group by fraudsters, and the names of the members in the group were all staff members of the company, so it was not verified again. A few days later, Li received a group message: the "general manager" pretending to be a liar said that he needed to pay the other party’s project money and asked Li to check how much money was left in the company account. After Li checked the funds in the company’s account, the "general manager" impersonated by the liar asked Li to transfer all the funds in the account to the other party’s designated account, and urged Li to transfer money quickly on the grounds of urgency. For fear of offending the "leader", Li transferred all 400,000 yuan from the company’s account. After the general manager of the company received a short message from the bank, Li found out that he was cheated.

Fraudulent trading of online game products

Fraudsters publish advertisements for buying and selling online game accounts, props and cards on social and game platforms, or get game props for free and at low prices, participate in lottery activities and other related information. After the victim actively contacts with him, the fraudster induces the victim to bypass the formal platform and conduct private transactions with him on the grounds that private transactions are cheaper and more convenient; Or ask the victim to add a so-called customer service account to participate in the lucky draw, and ask the victim to pay "registration fee", "unfreezing fee" and "membership fee" on the grounds of operational mistakes and insufficient grades, and then the victim will be blacked out after success.

[Typical Case 9] When playing a game, Shen saw a message in the game chat box "Join the group and get game props for free". After applying for joining the group, a person with the net name "dispatcher" told Shen that he could get a lot of game benefits by scanning the QR code in the group. After Shen used WeChat to scan the QR code and fill in the relevant information, the webpage suddenly showed that WeChat would be frozen, and Shen contacted the "dispatcher". The other party said that Shen had improperly operated and pushed a person named "Handler" to him. The "processor" said that it is necessary to prove that WeChat is my use through transfer, and all funds will be refunded after verification. At the request of the other party, Shen transferred 18,000 yuan to the designated account, only to be found cheated after being blacked out by the other party.

Marriage and dating fraud

Fraudsters collect a large number of self-portraits and life photos of "Bai Fumei" and "Gao Fushuai" through the Internet, create different identity images according to the scripts, and then publish personal information on dating websites. After establishing contact with the victim through social software, fraudsters use photos and pre-designed false identities to defraud the victim’s trust, and operate the love relationship with the victim for a long time. Subsequently, the fraudsters demanded money from the victims on the grounds that they were in urgent need of money and helped the fund turnover of the project, and constantly changed their reasons to ask them to transfer money according to the financial situation of the victims until the victims found out that they were cheated.

[Typical Case 10] Ms. Xie met a "foreign soldier" on the Internet. The other party claimed to be a military doctor stationed in a certain country and liked China culture very much. She hoped to settle in China in the future. In the process of chatting with this "soldier", Ms. Xie was gradually moved by the elegant conversation and daily concern of the other party, and confirmed the love relationship with the other party without meeting each other. "Soldier" said that he would transfer all his property to China so that he could live with Ms. Xie, but because she was intercepted by the customs, she needed Ms. Xie’s help to pay a fee to get through. Ms. Xie transferred 50,000 yuan to the account provided by her, and then transferred more than 400,000 yuan to the bank account provided by the other party because of the need to pay "thawing fee" and "handling fee", until she was blacked out by the other party, and Ms. Xie found out that she was cheated.