"Build a 100-billion-level AI (artificial intelligence) large-scale model technology system, create financial image character recognition products, and realize batch credit granting and digitalization of the whole process after lending …" In the 2023 annual report published by listed banks, in addition to the business performance indicators that have attracted much attention from the market, the financial technology investment of many banks increased year-on-year, the digital transformation and upgrading progressed steadily, and the exploration of large-scale model technology research and development and application scenarios increased significantly, laying a solid foundation for writing a big article on digital finance.

　　Digital transformation has achieved initial results.

　　The disclosed annual reports of listed banks in 2023 show that more than half of the banks have achieved a year-on-year increase in financial technology investment. From the perspective of the "big four banks", the investment amounts of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China and China Construction Bank in 2023 reached 27.246 billion yuan, 24.85 billion yuan, 22.397 billion yuan and 25.024 billion yuan respectively, up by 3.9%, 7.06%, 3.97% and 7.45% year-on-year.

　　In terms of joint-stock banks, in 2023, two banks invested more than 10 billion yuan in financial technology. China Merchants Bank invested 14.126 billion yuan in science and technology, although it decreased slightly by 0.3% year-on-year, but it is still the institution with the largest amount of investment among joint-stock banks. CITIC Bank’s investment in financial technology reached 12.153 billion yuan, up 38.91% year-on-year, and it was the listed bank with the largest year-on-year growth.

　　"As a key force to promote the digital transformation of banks, financial technology is in an important strategic position in most listed banks. However, at present, the development of digital technology itself and its application in the financial industry require more research and exploration, and it is necessary to increase investment in financial technology. " Lou Feipeng, a researcher at China Postal Savings Bank, said that it is of positive significance for the banking industry to accelerate the digital transformation by increasing investment, so as to enhance its own market competitiveness and service level.

　　With the increasing investment in financial technology, many banks have made remarkable achievements in the digitalization process in 2023, especially in the key field of scene construction.

　　According to the annual report of ICBC, around the goal of "Digital ICBC", we will speed up the construction of a digital financial service system that is compatible with the modern economic system, and innovate a new model of digital financial development with the main line of building a platform, improving capabilities, expanding scenarios and building ecology. In 2023, digital business accounted for more than 99%. Relying on corporate online banking and mobile banking, we will build a digital financial service platform that integrates e-cloud, and launch services such as specialized and special new service areas and Pratt & Whitney areas for exclusive customers to provide customers with ecological services that cover the integration of financial and business scenarios.

　　China Merchants Bank increased its investment in science and technology, comprehensively promoted digital remodeling around online, data-based, intelligent, platform-based, ecological and so on, gradually established an ecological circle of financial services, and explored the application of artificial intelligence scenarios. Intelligent applications have replaced more than 17,000 full-time manpower in intelligent customer service, process intelligence, quality inspection, conch RPA+ (robot process automation) and other scenarios.

　　Many banks mentioned in their annual reports that they should improve their technology and finance system by optimizing their organizational structure. For example, Industrial Bank set up a digital operation department, actively explored new modes of digital operation, and strived to get through the "last mile" from digitalization to productivity; China Postal Savings Bank optimized and adjusted the organizational structure of the information technology section of the head office, and renamed the Information Technology Management Committee under the senior management as the Financial Technology Committee; Reorganize the Information Technology Management Department and the Financial Technology Innovation Department into the Financial Technology Department; Rename the data center as an operational data center, promote the transformation of science and technology governance structure, and strengthen the overall leading role of information technology.

　　Accelerate the application of large model technology

　　In 2023, with the big model tsunami wave set off by ChatGPT sweeping the world, AI big model technology has become the focus of exploration and layout in many industries, and banking is no exception.

　　The reporter noted that six large state-owned banks and a number of joint-stock banks such as CITIC, China Merchants and Xingye disclosed the research and development and application of the big model field in the 2023 annual report. AI big model technology may become an "accelerator" for the digital transformation of financial institutions.

　　China Construction Bank mentioned in its annual report that it will continue to strengthen research on key core technologies. Independent research and development of artificial intelligence platform, and form a comparative advantage in the fields of computer vision and intelligent voice, and implement the "Ark Plan". The big data platform covers over 30,000 physical nodes, and the foundation of data governance is further consolidated. The annual report of Agricultural Bank of China revealed that relying on the artificial intelligence innovation laboratory, the functions of pre-research and incubation of large-scale model technology, online answer recommendation of customer service knowledge base and auxiliary search of knowledge base were accelerated.

　　CITIC Bank has built a CITIC big model platform with integrated software and hardware, completed the deployment of a 100 billion-level open source big model, and explored scenarios such as landing code generation and intelligent operation. China Merchants Bank seized the opportunity of certainty of the big language model to develop the construction and application of the big language model. On the one hand, we actively strengthen the construction of large models, introduce large models with 100 billion parameters, tune, train and adapt the scenes in the industry with our own corpus, follow up the development of open source large model technology, and develop large models with 100 billion parameters in professional scenes. On the other hand, explore the application of big model in retail, wholesale, middle and back office. At the same time, build a large model experience platform, access to a number of domestic mainstream large models.

　　In the view of Wu Dan, a researcher at China Banking Research Institute, at present, banks have increased their application and exploration of big model technology, and strengthening their customer service capabilities with financial technology empowerment is conducive to enhancing the core competitiveness and customer attraction of banking business. In the context of the current narrowing of net interest margin, it is also beneficial for banks to accelerate the pace of digital transformation and enhance their non-interest business capabilities such as smart investment and care, and to seize market share and enhance profit margins.

　　"The smart big model has strong data capture, text understanding and calculation and analysis capabilities, which can improve the existing service quality and efficiency of banking institutions on the basis of deeply tapping the potential value of big data." Wu Dan said that it is very important for the banking industry to accelerate the research, development and application of technologies in the field of big models, which is also the key link to do a good job in digital finance.

　　Broad space for development

　　In recent years, financial management departments have promoted the digitalization process of China’s financial industry as a whole, and taken various measures to encourage the innovation and application of financial technology to enhance the efficiency of financial services to the real economy. In January 2022, the People’s Bank of China issued the Financial Science and Technology Development Plan (2022-2025), which proposed to promote the digital transformation of finance with high quality and improve the modern financial system adapted to the development of digital economy.

　　On January 26th of the same year, the former General Office of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China issued the Guiding Opinions on the Digital Transformation of Banking and Insurance Industry, proposing that by 2025, the digital transformation of banking and insurance industry will achieve remarkable results. Digital financial products and services have been widely popularized, financial innovation based on data assets and digital technology has been practiced in an orderly manner, the development ability of personalized, differentiated and customized products and services has been significantly enhanced, and the quality and efficiency of financial services have been significantly improved.

　　In the field of securities, in June, 2023, China Securities Industry Association issued the Three-year Improvement Plan for Network and Information Security of Securities Companies (2023-2025), encouraging qualified brokers to make full use of new technologies to actively promote the construction of a new generation of core systems and carry out the transformation and upgrading of the technical framework of core systems, and clearly stated that the average investment in information technology of brokers should not be less than 10% of the average net profit or 7% of the average operating income from 2023 to 2025.

　　Experts believe that under the background of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and the in-depth development of industrial transformation, deepening digital transformation is an inevitable choice for the financial industry to practice the innovation-driven development strategy. Under the continuous guidance of policies, financial institutions will continue to increase the exploration of digital applications represented by large-scale model technology.

　　The Report on the Application of Generative AI in Financial Industry in 2024 jointly released by Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management and Du Xiaoman shows that financial institutions can carry out more product innovation, provide more effective credit support, underwriting claims and market financing for the real industry, release huge financial data value, improve the financial service level of the real economy, and promote the innovative development of financial institutions themselves, and move towards the ranks of powerful financial institutions.

　　For the banking industry, Wu Dan suggested that the digital transformation of the banking industry should focus on intelligent, personalized, universal and other key directions. Using AI technology to accurately identify customer needs and provide flexible and diverse personalized services is conducive to improving customer experience and customer stickiness. Use financial technology to extend financial inclusiveness and provide more convenient financial services for small and micro enterprises at a lower cost.

　　"It is expected that the banking industry will make better use of data elements, improve the infrastructure of digital finance development, enrich the application of digital finance scenarios, and increase the exploration and practice of digital finance development security, so that digital finance can empower technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance and pension finance to better meet economic and social development and people’s demand for high-quality financial services." Yan Feipeng said. (Economic Daily reporter Ma Chunyang)

　　On December 28th, Cainiao.com and Tmall announced the 2017 China Consumer Economy Ranking, which showed the active zone of online shopping in China (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) according to the package flow in a year. Among thousands of districts and counties (including all kinds of new districts), Shanghai Pudong ranks first in the country in terms of package inflow and has become the most active region in consumer economy.

　　Interestingly, in some areas that were considered as "ghost towns" in the past, such as Erdos, the parcel growth rate has far exceeded the average level in the past year, which shows an obvious population inflow trend.

　　Packages in Pudong rank first, and Guangdong ranks the most.

　　The rookie data shows that the status of first-tier cities such as Beishangguangshen and Shenzhen leading China’s consumer economy is still unshakable. Among the regions with the largest inflow of parcels, Pudong New Area in Shanghai ranks first. Followed by Shenzhen Baoan District, Beijing Chaoyang District, Guangzhou Baiyun District, Shenzhen Longgang District, Beijing Haidian District, Shanghai Minhang District, Guangzhou Tianhe District, Guangzhou Panyu District and Foshan Nanhai District.

　　Among the ten districts and counties in the first camp of consumption power, Guangdong has the largest number of regions on the list, accounting for 6 seats, and Beijing and Shanghai each have 2 seats.

　　From the perspective of counties, the consumption economy in major first-and second-tier cities in China is still unbalanced. Taking Beijing as an example, Chaoyang District and Haidian District receive the largest amount of parcels, while Yanqing District receives the smallest amount of parcels. The number of parcels in Chaoyang District is 36 times that in Yanqing District.

　　In Shenzhen, the number one Baoan District is 31 times that of Yantian District. However, the consumption balance of districts and counties in Shanghai and Hangzhou is obviously better than that of Beijing and Shenzhen. The amount of parcels in Pudong is 17 times that of Chongming, and that in Jianggan District of Hangzhou is 13 times that of Chun ‘an County.

　　Guangzhou, which has been questioned whether it is still a "first-tier city", should be proud of the balance of consumption power in its districts and counties. The highest parcel volume in Baiyun District is 12.4 times that in Luogang District, which reflects the coordinated development between districts and counties.

　　With the rise of consumption in the central and western regions, the ability of students to "chop hands" is amazing.

　　In addition to the first-tier cities in the first echelon, with the extension of logistics infrastructure and the improvement of logistics efficiency, the activity of consumer economy in the central and western regions has also increased significantly. Among the top 20 districts and counties in the country in terms of parcel collection, Hongshan District of Wuhan entered the list.

　　Among the top 100 counties in China, Yanta District of Xi ‘an, Yubei District of Chongqing, Wuhou District of Chengdu, Yuelu District of Changsha, Qingxiu District of Nanning, xiaodian district of Taiyuan and Guandu District of Kunming are all consumer star areas in the central and western regions.

　　Interestingly, the consumption power of Xinjiang and parts of Tibet is even stronger than that of counties in first-tier cities. For example, in Xinshi, Shayibak, Tianshan and Shuimogou districts of Urumqi, Xinjiang, Korla City of Bayinguoleng Prefecture, Yining City of Yili Prefecture, Shihezi City of Xinjiang, changji city of Changji Prefecture, Karamay District of Karamay City, Chengguan District of Lhasa, Tibet, the number of parcels received in the past year was higher than that in Yanqing District of Beijing.

　　From the data released by the rookie, we can also find that the consumption power of the student group is amazing. Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Zhejiang Media College, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Wuhan University of Technology, China Communication University, Guangzhou University, China Shiyou University, Zhejiang Institute of Science and Technology and other universities are among the top.

　　In areas where colleges and universities are concentrated, the purchasing power of students directly promotes the ranking of the whole district and county to rise. Yuelu District of Changsha, Hongshan District of Wuhan and Wuhou District of Chengdu are not the first economic districts and counties in their cities, but they occupy the first place in their respective cities by virtue of the consumption power of colleges and universities.

　　The number of parcels confirms the influx of people, and a number of "ghost towns" have been uncapped.

　　Through the flow data of parcels, we can see that the areas that used to bear the title of "ghost town" are gradually getting rid of this hat.

　　According to the rookie, the parcel data in some new districts directly reflect the number of residents, while the growth trend of parcels reflects the inflow of population. Judging from the absolute number of parcels and the growth rate, some so-called "ghost towns" are no longer established.

　　It is understood that from the data in recent years, the average level of parcel volume growth in districts and counties is about 5-7 times. However, many "ghost towns" that have been questioned before have far exceeded the average package growth rate.

　　Representatives of ghost towns proposed by the media — — Taking Chenggong New District of Kunming as an example, the number of parcels in 2017 increased by ten times compared with five years ago, and it also increased by nearly 40% compared with 2016, ranking fourth among 14 districts and counties in Kunming, and has already taken off the "ghost town" hat.

　　In Erdos, another famous "ghost town", rookie data shows that the number of parcels has increased by more than 30% within one year, and consumption activity has exploded.

　　In addition, typical "ghost towns" such as Zhengdong New District in Zhengzhou City, Guanshanhu District in Guiyang City and Xinbei District in Changzhou City have also ensured the above-average parcel growth rate, which also reflects the population growth rate above average.

　　Attachment: Top 100 Districts and Counties of China Consumer Economy (Top 20)

　　The ranking of parcel heat in Beijing is: Chaoyang District, Haidian District, Fengtai District, Changping District, Tongzhou District, Daxing District, Xicheng District, Dongcheng District, Shunyi District, Fangshan District, Shijingshan District, Miyun District, Huairou District, Mentougou District, Pinggu District and Yanqing District.

　　The ranking of package heat in Shanghai is: Pudong New Area, Minhang District, Baoshan District, Songjiang District, Jiading District, Xuhui District, Putuo District, Qingpu District, Yangpu District, Jing ‘an District, Changning District, Fengxian District, Hongkou District, Huangpu District, Jinshan District and Chongming County.

　　The ranking of package heat in Guangzhou is: Baiyun District, Tianhe District, Panyu District, Haizhu District, Huadu District, Yuexiu District, Zengcheng District, Liwan District, Huangpu District, Nansha District, Conghua District and Luogang District.

　　The ranking of parcel heat in Shenzhen is: Baoan District, Longgang District, Nanshan District, Futian District, Luohu District, Longhua New District and Yantian District.

　　The ranking of package heat in Hangzhou is: Jianggan District, Yuhang District, Xiaoshan District, Xihu District, Binjiang District, Gongshu District, Xiacheng District, Fuyang District, Shangcheng District, Lin ‘an District, Tonglu City, jiande city and Chun ‘an County.

Text | Song Jiatong, Ding Chaoyi, Dong Haowen, Duan Yuhao

Edit | Ding Chaoyi

If we lose light, all we have is darkness.

Do you know such a group of people?

They can’t distinguish colors, but they can listen to the world with their voices;

They can’t feel the light, but they can touch the warmth with their palms;

They can’t see you and me clearly, but they can perceive existence with their hearts;

They were supposed to be like us,

But lost the light because of fate,

They are blind,

A group of ordinary and special people …

Do you know anything about the blind?

If you can,

Please follow us,

Down into their world—

"It’s been more than ten years. When I was a child, I couldn’t see it. It’s nothing."

Master Wu is blind, but he looks no different from ordinary people. The first time I saw Master Wu, he was sitting on the sofa listening to books on his mobile phone, and his eyes looked bright. "Often guests say, aren’t you blind? How can I still use my mobile phone? In fact, I am lucky. I can still see something clearly if I wear glasses. " Facing our doubts, he seems to be used to it.

Master Wu opened a shop in Jinqiao. The location is a little off-center, and the porch is quite small. There is a compartment on the left with only a few massage beds in it, but the decoration makes people feel at ease and comfortable. Although the sparrow is small and complete, this is Master Wu’s massage shop.

"I’m from Anhui. I went to Shanghai to take refuge with my relatives. Later, I took some money and opened my own massage shop." Master Wu has read junior college and studied Braille, and he is still the "high flyers" among the blind. He also has a daughter, and whenever he talks about her, Master Wu can’t stop being happy. "I hope my daughter is safe and there is no other idea." For the sake of the family’s livelihood, he must take root here.

"I followed the master’s self-taught massage and didn’t receive so much training." Master Wu lost many opportunities because of his visual disability, but his relatives told him that "learning massage has a way out." A few years ago, he was introduced to a massage parlor as an apprentice. It was his first massage and he studied for a long time, but he was not too tired. The master taught him a lot, and he also met many blind friends in his study.

Speaking of blind friends, Master Wu has some feelings: "I have never been in this business, and I have no idea that there are so many people like me. I am lucky. At least I can see a little, don’t you think?"

In the corner of this city, there are many such massage shops, as well as many such blind people and blind professionals, but we sometimes can’t see them.

Sometimes, we can’t see

In late April, a message about "the traffic police experienced the life of the blind, and the guide dog was refused to take the bus" caused widespread discussion on social networks. Many netizens criticized the inhuman practices of bus companies, and many professional media also followed up the report at the first time. For a while, the blind have become a hot topic in society. This group in the dark seems to have been unveiled.

However, online public opinion comes quickly and goes faster. A few days later, everything fell into silence again …

In 1984, at the inaugural meeting of the World Blind Union held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, October 15th was officially designated as "International Day for the Blind". This is also the first time that the blind group has its own unified organization and festival in the world.

The blind are also called the visually disabled. The so-called visual disability refers to the partial or complete pathological changes in the structure or function of the visual organ or the visual center of the brain due to various reasons, which leads to different degrees of visual loss or narrowing of the visual field, and the visual function is difficult to be used freely or even lost in work, study or other activities like ordinary people.

According to the relevant standards, the best corrected visual acuity of both eyes is less than 0.3, which can be considered as visual disability, and visual disability is specifically divided into blindness and low vision. At the same time, four standards (first-class blindness: no light perception ≤ A < 0.02; Secondary blindness: 0.02 ≤ a < 0.05; Third-grade low vision 0.05 ≤ A < 0.1; Grade 4 low vision: 0.1≤a<0.3, where A is the best corrected vision).

In fact, there are not a few people with visual disabilities. According to relevant reports, by 2021, there are more than 20 million people with visual disabilities in China, including more than 5 million people with "blindness" and more than 10 million people with "low vision". It is equivalent to 0.78 times the population of Australia (25.44 million). According to China’s population of 1.4 billion, the proportion of visually disabled people has reached 1.43%, and this figure is still increasing year by year.

Despite the huge number of people with visual disabilities in China, the relevant data of the China Disabled Persons’ Federation show that the number of people with visual disabilities who have applied for disability certificates is 4,140,987, accounting for 21.95% of the total number of people with visual disabilities.

Among them, Sichuan has the largest number of people with certified vision, reaching 419,531 by December 31, 2021, while the number of people with certified vision in Henan, Hunan and other places has also exceeded 200,000. Behind these data are countless vivid and vivid individuals. However, in reality, these individuals seem to hide themselves, and we don’t often touch them and can’t perceive them.

People may not pay much attention to them or know them very well. For most ordinary people, they are like "elephants in the bedroom". During the period from 2011 to 2023, Baidu search engine searched for keywords related to the blind (blind, disabled, blind, visually impaired, etc.). The statistics show that the average frequency of all users actively learning about the blind group is no more than 2,000 times a day.

On the other hand, the number of related literature research is still limited. The research on the visually disabled still focuses on the traditional framework such as education, life, psychology and blind road. Many people haven’t realized that today’s blind people also need to integrate into the digital age, eager to get the convenience of technology, and also pursue the happiness of marriage and the improvement of quality of life.

The blind are not "blind"

"Of course we use mobile phones, but we use screen reading software to listen." Master Wu is not the only blind friend who uses mobile phones. Among all the blind teachers contacted by the team, whether they are semi-blind or completely blind, they all have their own mobile phones. Or chatting in groups, or singing, or listening to books, or even playing games … They are not the "imbeciles" that some people think.

Some people think that the blind are often vulnerable groups that need to be taken care of, and the public’s cognition of them still stays in the stereotype of "wearing sunglasses" and "leaning on a blind stick". When talking about the blind, some people always have a sense of protection and empathy for the blind according to their inherent concepts. But in fact, most people don’t really understand the life of the blind and never really listen to their feelings.

For the blind, life is not only "darkness", but also "light" perceived by other senses.

In another massage shop, several blind masters shared the details of operating mobile phones. Although the font on the screen of the mobile phone has been maximized, they still have to stick the mobile phone in front of them. On the other hand, fingers are constantly groping for the software they are looking for on the screen. With the help of screen reading software, they can better help them use their mobile phones. When they open the mobile phone application, a mechanical voice suddenly appears, telling the blind with the fastest speech speed, which is undoubtedly their "good helper".

In fact, it is not easy for blind people to use mobile phones. "It’s really inconvenient to use a mobile phone at first", which is the common heart of many masters. In order to study better, they all turned to their friends around, and some blind people who can use computers also looked for strategies on the forum.

In Baidu Post Bar "Blind Bar", the team took "Help-seeking" as the title keyword, and obtained 127 related topic posts. At the same time, the word frequency statistics of help-seeking content were carried out, and the above atlas was obtained. "Screen reading", "program" and "mobile phone" are all important contents for blind friends to ask for help. Blind people are also eager for technology. Although fate has played a joke unfortunately, this is not a problem that prevents them from longing for the light.

In addition, the team also counted the main contents of relevant help-seeking posts.

It can be found that they are eager for the development of technology to bring them light, and they are not willing to be swallowed up by the torrent of the times. Blind people are not "blind", they are just integrating into the world in their own way.

"You and I are the same."

Like ordinary people, Master Wu has his own way of life and work. At eight o’clock in the morning, the subway was already crowded with "office workers" who were still sleepy, and Master Wu had finished breakfast and was ready to go out. Because his home is not far from the massage parlor, he doesn’t need the company of his family.

But he still needs to be extra careful on the road. "At the intersection in front of the store, the driver almost hit me." Thinking of the previous experience, Master Wu still has a lingering fear, and his visual disability has many inconveniences after all.

It was already nine o’clock when I arrived at the store. After a little cleaning with my colleagues, the day’s work officially began.

Most weekday mornings are leisurely and calm. Master Wu is used to sitting on the sofa listening to books, which is his hobby. He often chats with his colleagues, and after a while the guests come. At noon, the store is busy, and the "white-collar workers" who take a lunch break around will come to visit. "If you are busy, you can’t eat, especially on weekends." Master Wu usually hasn’t eaten a few mouthfuls of rice before the guests have arrived.

At three o’clock in the afternoon, the busyness finally came to an end. Master Wu sat on the sofa and began to listen to books. Some guests came in from time to time. This kind of leisure can’t last long, but it’s not too hard.

After six o’clock, the sky is getting dark, street lamps are on one after another, and the empty streets are a little more noisy. It’s time for most people to get off work, but Master Wu is back at work …

At eleven o’clock, the night is already deep. Under the streetlight, Master Wu slowly locked the door. For him, this moment is the real end. Turn around and walk home slowly … "You don’t have to sigh, you are happy enough to be alive." This is the voice of Master Wu.

In this bustling city, there are always such a group of ordinary and special people.

The neglected "love"

Master Liu is from Pingxiang, Jiangxi. Like Master Wu, he has his own massage shop for the blind. Besides him, there are several masters in the shop. When I saw him, he was eating, plain rice with cabbage, simple and simple. He was a little surprised by our arrival. He said, "I have never been interviewed."

In fact, Master Liu is very talkative. He is always willing to share a lot of our problems and has his own unique views. "There is an important issue that you have forgotten. Blind people also need marriage and family. In fact, few blind friends around me get married." Master Liu has a deep understanding of this.

The life of the blind is not easy because of the visual disability. Marriage may be a luxury for them. In addition to family care, blind people also need intimate relationships. But in fact, most blind people can’t meet their own needs.

Many blind people have more or less inferiority complex, and congenital conditions make them lack self-confidence in gender relations. The limitation of social scope further limits the possibility of marriage. In addition, the pressure from family and the evaluation of social relations have forced many intimate relationships that have developed to end.

However, even if they finally enter the marriage hall, some blind people must face the practical problems after marriage. Because of the genetic possibility of visual disability, the blind have to accept the test of ethics. Their limited ability to work and the genetic risk of visual disability further increase the pressure on the blind.

Of the 10 blind teachers interviewed, only 4 have a marriage relationship. These four masters are all semi-blind, so it is very unlikely that people with total blindness will have heterosexual partners. In the interview, these blind masters also said that less than one-fifth of the blind friends around them are married.

What is holding them back from traveling?

In recent years, the problem of blind travel was once reported by the mainstream media. The phenomenon of "the blind road is occupied" and "the guide dog is refused to be loaded" is the main problem that has been criticized.

The travel problem of the blind is actually far more complicated than people think.

Blind people don’t really want to go out. In the eyes of many blind friends, the meaning of going out is minimal. "What are you going out for, basking in the sun?" Master Wu always talks about traveling, and he is very helpless. Different from ordinary people, their entertainment has been greatly reduced and even full of danger. Even for a walk, the blind don’t want to go too far.

Of course, travel is still necessary. "I still have to go out to work, and so does a haircut." In order to reduce the risk of going out, Master Wu seldom goes out, and he stays in the shop except when he has to go out.

Master Wu admits that semi-blindness is different from total blindness, and it often looks the same as normal people in appearance. Ordinary people usually find it difficult to identify themselves. In order to show his identity, he must prepare sunglasses and a blind stick. This is also an important reason why the stereotype of the blind is formed and it is difficult for the blind to find traces in life.

On the other hand, although many blind masseurs live close to their workplaces, it is not easy to walk this short distance. In the interview, some teachers admitted that when they go out to work, they are often semi-blind teachers who walk in front and completely blind teachers who take the back. Because blind roads are often crowded, the navigation function of blind roads has been lost. "It is much more convenient to walk on the sidewalk than on the blind road", which is the consensus of many blind masters.

In western countries, in order to facilitate the travel of the blind, social organizations and official institutions will provide guide dogs for the blind in need. However, the training cost of guide dogs is extremely high, the number is extremely rare, and the actual effect is limited. In China, there are only 200 active guide dogs.　

"I want blind friends to go out for a walk."

Although most blind people don’t want to go out, there are a few counter examples.

Master Tan is the manager of history massage, and he maintains a high degree of enthusiasm for going out. He said, "Traveling is not a problem. I often go out, often take the subway, take the train and participate in activities." He thinks going out is a way to relieve stress. He enjoys every time he goes out and enjoys every party.

Through the interview, the team drew a map of his travel route.

When asked about Master Tan’s ideal, Master Tan said with a smile, "I hope blind friends can go out for a walk more. The world is very big, although we can’t see it, we can hear it, can’t we?"

Blind people may not want to go out, but this is not a reason for us to restrict their freedom of travel, nor is it an excuse for us to influence them to go out. In the dark, we need a bright light from the society to guide their travel and escort them, and we also need a warmth to encourage them to March bravely towards their ideals and light.

Light the beacon of society

Over the years, in order to solve the special living difficulties and long-term care difficulties of the disabled and effectively protect their rights and interests, China has made great efforts to promote the improvement of their living standards. However, in the face of the huge number of people with visual disabilities, the implementation of social security still needs to be improved. Due to regional differences, the level of protection for the disabled is different, especially in vocational training, education and rehabilitation for the disabled.

In addition, some local disabled persons’ federations have also exposed some problems in the process of organization and coordination. Inadequate service, unsatisfactory publicity effect and lack of professional ability are the main pain points. Some blind masters said that some policy news did not know where to know and who to consult.

Although the problems exist, we should also see the attention paid by the state to the visually disabled and the unremitting efforts made to ensure their lives. In order to promote the employment of the disabled, on the China disabled employment and entrepreneurship network service platform, the competent government departments and a number of enterprises have provided jobs for the disabled. Some positions are abnormal people’s cognition, which makes people suddenly realize that the blind can also be competent for many ordinary people’s positions.

Enter China disabled employment and entrepreneurship network service platform, and find the job information of enterprises providing employment for visually disabled people. Among all 264 job recruitment information, only 32 are related to health massage, ranking third. The largest number of job types are skilled workers, with 58 posts. In addition, visually disabled people can also work as secretaries and typists. With the rapid development of Internet, blind anchor has become a new profession. Embracing digital technology will also be a new trend in the future career field of the blind.

Since the reform and opening up, China has also made great achievements in the construction of the rule of law in the cause of the disabled. Disabled people, including the blind, have obtained legal support and protection in the process of comprehensively governing the country according to law. These fully reflect the state’s attention and care for vulnerable groups such as the visually impaired. But we know that these efforts and actions are still on the road and will always be on the road.

The blind are not far from us. But for a long time, we seemed to be in two worlds. The blind man accidentally lost his light because of his fate. And we can’t be blind again and again in neglect.

The blindness of the blind can’t be chosen, but the light of society needs you and me to safeguard together. Igniting the bright light of society will eventually light up your world and mine.

With the increasing number of high-rise residential buildings, secondary water supply has become a problem closely related to people’s livelihood. Recently, some citizens have reported that there is a problem with the secondary water supply in their homes: some homes are empty, but the water meters are turning; Some question that there is a lot of water consumption in the home, but the property cannot be solved; Some people think that the water pressure of secondary water supply in the home is a little low, and hope that the water pressure can be high … The problem of secondary water supply has become one of the hot issues of public complaints.

A citizen who lives in Mulan Garden, Dragon City, Oriental reported that his home is a secondary water supply. In the past, the water used to be normal and the water pressure was high. "The bath is standing far away, and the water from the faucet can also be drenched." However, since the water supply company adjusted the water pressure, the water pressure in the home has become lower. Many residents in the same building have the same confusion, and the water experience is not as good as before. It is suggested that the water supply company adjust the water pressure to the same high as before.

The reporter learned from Huayan in Wuhu that the high water pressure has an impact on the lives of residents in the community! With the change of occupancy rate and water consumption, Wuhu Huayan will adjust the secondary water supply pressure according to the relevant national standards to achieve energy-saving, efficient, time-saving and labor-saving high-rise water supply!

"At this stage, before 2015, most of the secondary water supply facilities and pump rooms in Wuhu City were built and operated by real estate enterprises. After delivery, the operation and maintenance of the secondary water supply equipment were managed by the residential property company. In case of insufficient pressure and increased water charges, the main target of citizens’ consultation and reflection was our water supply company." Wuhu Huayan staff introduced that due to some enterprises’ unprofessional management, poor service, aging facilities unable to maintain, untimely cleaning and disinfection of water tanks (pools), and chaotic use of equipment brands and quality, failures occurred from time to time, which brought hidden dangers to water supply safety. The water supply company does not own the property rights of these secondary water supply facilities, nor is it authorized to manage these equipment, only to ensure that the water is qualified when it enters the community.

In 2015, Wuhu City issued the Measures for the Administration of Secondary Water Supply in Wuhu City and other relevant laws and regulations, requiring that the management of secondary water supply be comprehensively strengthened to ensure the safety of urban water supply. Subsequently, Wuhu Huayan actively participated in the formulation of secondary water supply standards, project construction and handover, and 66 projects have been completed and put into operation. It has played a positive role in promoting the standardization construction of secondary water supply facilities in Wuhu, and also opened a good start for the future work of "unified construction and unified management" of secondary water supply.

The reporter learned that the problems reflected by residents of secondary water supply are mainly in the following aspects:

Is the water pressure of secondary water supply as high as possible?

Some residents may think that the higher the water pressure, the better, which is more comfortable to use. In fact, there is an upper limit on the pressure of water supply pipeline. If the pressure of water supply is too high, it will do great harm to pressurizing equipment, water supply equipment and water consumption equipment. According to the standard of Technical Specification for Secondary Water Supply Project in Anhui Province, the pressure of the lowest-level household pipe in each partition should not exceed 0.35Mpa. If the community supplies water with ultra-high pressure for a long time, it will cause great harm.

Water supply exceeding the design pressure will not only lead to the long-term overload operation of the pressurized water pump and increase the power consumption (increase the owner’s share of electricity), but also the pressurized related equipment (water pump, check valve, connector, butterfly valve, etc.) will be easily damaged. Long-term ultra-high pressure water supply, the pressure of water supply pipeline exceeds the design value, which is easy to cause water leakage and damage of water supply equipment pipeline (especially pipeline joints and bends in weak links), and increase the phenomenon of leakage and pipe explosion. On the one hand, it will often stop water maintenance, affect residents’ lives, on the other hand, it will also cause water waste and increase the water sharing of residents. Because the water pressure requirements of household sanitary wares and household appliances are designed according to national standards, the long-term high water pressure of households will also lead to the damage of the toilet bowl, affect the service life of water heaters and faucets, and the household water consumption will also exceed the normal range, resulting in an increase in electricity bills.

I am away from home for a long time, why does the water meter generate expenses?

This is because there is air in the water pipe due to the pressure of the pipe mixed with air and the change of water temperature, and the pulsation effect caused by it makes the water meter installed in some positions slowly move when there is no running water. Wuhu Huayan suggested that users should contact the management unit of secondary water supply to help close the valve before and after the water meter, so as to avoid idling of the water meter.

Why does my home use secondary water supply on the fifth floor?

This is designed according to the actual situation of the developer in the early stage of construction, which may be caused by the high floor height, high terrain and low local water pressure.

Is the water quality of secondary water supply guaranteed?

Since the promulgation of the Measures for the Administration of Secondary Water Supply for Urban Residential Buildings in Wuhu City in 2015, according to the relevant regulations, the secondary water supply management unit needs to clean the secondary water supply tank every quarter, and the health and epidemic prevention department needs to conduct random inspections and issue relevant water quality test reports.

　　This year’s 618, as the sponsor, JD.COM will start at 8: 00 pm on May 31st, while Tmall intends to pre-sell at 8: 00 pm on the 13th. Therefore, JD.COM started the Heart Shopping Season at 8: 00 pm on the 13th. This also made the 618 e-commerce war 36 days ahead of schedule for the first time, thus becoming "the longest 618 in history".

　　As the head gun of "the longest 618 in history", Li Jiaqi, the head anchor of Tmall, started the pre-sale of 618 on the 13th. On the same day, JD.COM Supermarket officially announced that the live broadcast room of JD.COM Supermarket will be broadcast simultaneously with Li Jiaqi, and the same or similar goods will be sold in stock, and a 10% discount will be given on the price of the live broadcast room in Li Jiaqi, which is full of gunpowder.

　　It is understood that when you open the JD.COM APP and search for "JD.COM Supermarket Purchase and Sale", you can enter the JD.COM supermarket purchase and sale live room and buy 10% off the same spot goods in Li Jiaqi.

　　According to reports, with its exclusive "self-operated mode" advantage, JD.COM abandoned intermediate links, directly purchased from brands, and greatly reduced commodity prices with the advantage of large-scale procurement; At the same time, different from the live broadcast mode of other platforms, all the live broadcast rooms in JD.COM have "no pit fee and no commission", which will benefit consumers and realize the lowest price in the whole network.

　　Different from the anchors with goods on other platforms, JD.COM is an expert in a certain kind of goods, and the goods sold in the live broadcast room are one of the best in JD.COM, with the best quality and the highest cost performance. Data show that last year, the order volume of live broadcast rooms in double 11 and JD.COM increased by 3.8 times year-on-year.

　　It is understood that this year, JD.COM 618 integrated state subsidies, take-away sales of 10 billion yuan, agricultural subsidies of 10 billion yuan, and factory goods subsidies for the first time, bringing consumers the preferential treatment of "making up and making up".

　　On May 13th, Li Jiaqi said that it would start random red envelope rain in the live broadcast room, and set different red envelope limit numbers according to different fan levels. If the fan level is low, the number of red envelopes that can be grabbed will be greatly limited.

　　On the contrary, the live broadcast room of supermarket in JD.COM said that they would not classify users into three categories, and all consumers would be treated equally, with the same rights, they could receive the same red envelope, enjoy the same preferential strength and would not engage in price discrimination.

　　　 1905 movie network news On the day of "double 11", an "double 11" party, which lasted for more than four hours, was held in the Beijing Water Cube last night, in order for all the people in China to happily buy it in buy buy. According to incomplete statistics, the local tyrants’ party, which cost more than 50 million yuan, was created by our Chinese New Year director Xiaogang Feng. So, apart from fancy telling everyone what to buy, one of the highlights of this party is the placement of movie advertisements (of course, this is also the specialty of small steel cannons). Looking at the whole party, Mr. Ma Yun, our gang leader and spokesman of local tyrants, told everyone that working for BAT in the film industry is by no means a sham.

　　　 From to, several upcoming Chinese New Year blockbusters, and then to popular American TV series, plus the appearance of all-star cast, this is not a party, it is simply a big chaos in the marketing implantation of film and television circles: when the propaganda dog meets single dog, it is simply a broken heart for the film.

Ma Yun and daniel craig came to the finale.

007 Most Surprise: Ma Yun "shows off" the color for "Bond" daniel craig.

　　　 As early as the opening of the "Double Eleven" party, the hosts sold a pass and said meaningfully, "Cats’ paws extend to all parts of the world". Two-thirds of the party, Jane Zhang sang the theme song, and after the song ended, he told everyone that "007 will be released soon, don’t miss it", and the suspense escalated &mdash; &mdash; Please note that this is the first oral broadcast time of the star.

　　　 At almost zero o’clock, the whole party ushered in a surprise and climax: daniel craig in "007: Ghost Party" really came, and what is even more incredible is that the "bond girl" came from our gang leader, and there was a classic picture of Ma Yun standing at Bond’s gun with a wig and heavy makeup on the big screen. "Ladies and gentlemen, you are not mistaken, he is our’ bond girl’!" With the excitement and screaming of the host, the "Wang" appeared in a suit and tie, and came to work with Mr. Bond, a British agent, to send 11 luxury cars for everyone!

　　　 As the 24th Bond film series, The Ghost Party’s trip to China was very grounded. daniel craig, who has always been unsmiling and cool and arrogant in the film, showed his closeness to the people, so he boarded the "double 11" party handsomely and coolly, spent a full moon with Ma Yun’s "bond girl" and "bachelor night". Later, he will also meet with "bond girl". &mdash; Do you still feel too far away from such a cold British agent?

Xiaogang Feng went on stage to sell advertisements.

Feng Family: The producer’s Bad Guy Must Die and the actor’s mr. six are indispensable.

　　　 Using stars to attract the audience is an essential means of the party. So how to let the stars promote their own resources by the way, then Xiaogang Feng’s best "advertising implantation" will begin.

　　　 The most interesting (or controversial) passage in the whole party was the talk show "Strange Goods" with fancy advertisements brought by Zhao Wei, Ma Dong and Gao Xiaosong: three people brought their own props, changed their ways to promote their own red wine, "Strange Flowers" and "Strange Talks with Xiao Song". In fact, this slightly embarrassing talk show is a "hard and wide" that says no advertising but no words.

　　　 Xiaogang Feng, the general director, also pretended that he couldn’t stand it, and ran to the stage to "bomb" the three of them, and then swaggered for his starring "mr. six" directed by Guan Hu. In addition, Xiao Gang Bao also invited the Korean rock band CNBLUE to sing the theme song "cinderella" of the Chinese-Korean co-production film "The Bad Guy Must Die" produced by him. This "softness" of the handsome sunshine fresh meat men really hit the hearts of the post-90 s, causing fans to be elated and shouting "Ouba, get stuck!"

The famous American singer adam lambert took the stage.

The president of "House of Cards" teased the Double Eleven.

American TV series: "House of Cards" and "Game of Thrones", American presidents want buy buy to buy them!

　　　 After taking care of the post-90s generation of Ha Han, how can we neglect the young and middle-aged people who love watching American TV series? The joining of American TV series in the party is really deeply rooted in people’s hearts, and House of Cards and Game of Thrones also appeared one by one. Kevinspacey fowler, the "American President" in House of Cards, loves to get humor back at the party. Previously, he was most praised for suddenly turning around at the Golden Globe Awards, and a "house of cards" style spit came to his seat. This time, China was far away, so he recorded a video in the "White House". He even laughed and said that the firewall in the White House was tight, and he wanted to shop but couldn’t do it at all. Then he stood up and told everyone how to "cross-dress" at ordinary times. I believe that his Taobao version will be available with the search soon.

　　　 In addition, when adam lambert, a famous American singer, sang on stage, she was sitting in a chair full of precious knives in Game of Thrones, and she was proud from beginning to end, which made American TV dogs not lick their screens and become materialistic.

TFboys

Talk about live broadcast again: exhausted film shooting techniques TFboys backstage dressing live show.

　　　 The whole live broadcast not only caused many singers to fall into the hardest hit areas, but it is noteworthy that Xiaogang Feng used a lot of filming positions and photography techniques to show the party scene in many directions. For example, TFboys, these small fresh meats, are all delicious and attractive, and the cameras at the party have met the wishes of the broad masses of the people. After the end of one of their songs, the camera has been following TFboys to step down. The details of the three people’s changing scenes and discussions with the staff are truly displayed, which is a bit like the feeling of being in the mirror. After the party, many viewers felt: The original live broadcast can be played like this, thanks to the camera!

　　　 In addition, as soon as Hua Chenyu opened the scene, he rocked up from just below the stage, and only Hua Chenyu used this seat for the whole party. Farewell to the fixed seat and simple push, pull, shake, move, follow, rise and fall, showing a dark and heroic temperament.

　　　 When the festival in single dog was gradually replaced by the "Chop Hands" Festival, it became an out-and-out shopping carnival, and at the same time, it gradually became a national carnival in a wider range, including entertainment circles and film and television circles. Online sales are constantly setting a new record, and movies and stars are also infiltrating bit by bit unconsciously. Just before you notice any clues, in fact, the advertisements have been broadcast and the publicity has been completed. However, the people who don’t know the truth have to continue to buy in buy buy and silently sigh: "The city will play!"

CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the center of the No.4 typhoon "Taili" (a strong tropical storm) this year is located at 9: 00 am today (16th) in the northeast of the South China Sea, about 660 kilometers south-east of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China, which is 18.9 degrees north latitude and 116.2 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 10 (25m/s), and the lowest pressure at the center is 985 hectopascals.

It is estimated that "Taili" will move northwest to north-north at a speed of about 15 kilometers per hour, and its intensity will gradually increase. It will land on the coast from Taishan in Guangdong to Wenchang in Hainan on the night of the 17th (typhoon level or strong typhoon level, 35-42m/s, 12-14), enter the Beibu Gulf on the 18th, and then move towards the northern coast of Vietnam.

Gale forecast: From 14: 00 on July 16th to 14: 00 on July 17th, there will be 6-7 winds in most parts of the South China Sea, coastal areas of Guangdong, eastern Beibu Gulf, Xisha, Zhongsha, Nansha and Huangyan Island, 8-10 winds in some sea areas in the central and northern South China Sea and near Dongsha, 11-12 winds in the sea areas and islands where the typhoon center passes, and 13-14 gusts.

Precipitation forecast: From 14: 00 on July 16th to 14: 00 on July 17th, there will be moderate to heavy rain in parts of southern and northern Guangdong, Hainan Island, southeastern Fujian, central and southern Jiangxi and southern Taiwan Province Island, among which there will be heavy rain or heavy rain (100-160mm) in Hainan Island, southern Leizhou Peninsula and southern coastal areas of Guangdong.

The year 2008 is a transitional ceremony of time renewal.

Say goodbye to the old year and enter the new year, and the time for a new cycle of four seasons will be regained, and human life will also enter a new journey. As the saying goes in China, "Nian" is called "Nian Guan", which inevitably reveals the meaning that it is not such an easy time threshold to pass the Chinese New Year.

China is rich in old customs, and there are also many taboos, which need people to treat and practice respectfully. Old people will say, "Chinese New Year is done day by day". The following "Chinese New Year’s Guide" is to take you through the Chinese New Year and teach you how to make the "Year" go by day.

New Year’s Eve: Say goodbye to the old, get rid of the special, and keep the lights on.

New year’s eve dinner The original hand-drawn painting is from the National Festival Handbook, Shanghai Museum (ed.), published by East China Normal University Press in April 2016.

The "year" of the ancients is more like a time pass that needs to be handled carefully than our current "year". According to Lu’s Spring and Autumn Annals and Ji Dong Ji, during the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, people used drums to drive away "ghosts of epidemic diseases" on the day before the New Year to ensure the safety and health of the next year, which was called "eviction", so the evening (evening) of this day was called "New Year’s Eve". The earliest mention of the name "New Year’s Eve" is the "Notes on Local Customs" written by Zhou Chu in the Western Jin Dynasty, in which it is said: "Late years are related to feedback, which is called feedback. Wine and food are invited for another year. On New Year’s Eve, Da Dan didn’t sleep, which was called keeping the year. " Therefore, the so-called "New Year’s Eve", the old year will be removed this evening, and the new year will be replaced tomorrow. Its core words are "farewell to the old" and "removing the special". Su (su), that is, ghosts and demons.

Posting blessings, couplets and New Year pictures. The source of original hand-drawn drawings is the same as above.

During the day of New Year’s Eve, we will start to do the work of "removing the old and creating the new": we should go to the house to clean up the family; Adults and children bathe in turn, which is called "washing the old"; There are also "changing door gods, hanging clocks, nailing peach symbols and sticking spring cards", which means that door couplets, New Year pictures, blessings and the like must be replaced with new ones; If there are patients at home, the leftover dregs need to be thrown out, which is called "losing all diseases".

In the evening, when everyone sits together to have a New Year’s Eve dinner, it pays more attention to auspicious meaning. The essential food for northerners is jiaozi, which means "making friends at a younger age" when the new year and the old year alternate. Southerners eat spring rolls, rice cakes and the like, and the meaning of rice cakes is "high every year". There are also some auspicious foods, such as "fish with more than one year", "Nostoc flagelliforme" and water chestnut, which are also popular among people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces because they look like ingots.

Step on the age. Original hand drawingThe source is the same as above.

After the New Year’s Eve dinner, "Shounian" is not just sitting around, but also some interesting activities for recreation. For example, the popular "stepping on the old" in the northern region is to sprinkle sesame stalks on walking places such as courtyards, so that children can crush them and crack them, and the ghosts around them will be scared away. "Stepping on the old age" is actually "stepping on the precious". Similarly, the lucky money is actually "precious". In the era of using copper coins, lucky money should be threaded with brown rope, braided into a dragon shape and placed at the foot of a child’s bed.

On New Year’s Eve, one thing needs to be noted: the lights of vigil should stay on all night. As the folk saying goes, "Thirty fires, fifteen lights", it is the best way to drive away evil spirits with light!

From the first day to the fourth day: welcome the new year and celebrate the New Year, and keep taboos.

On New Year’s Day, we should get up early to welcome the new year. Because we have to set off firecrackers, go out to meet XiShen, and there are good men and women who want to go to the temple to burn incense at the age of four.

When the cock crows, firecrackers are set off first, and its intention, according to the "Record of the Age of Jingchu", is "to make the mountain ashamed of evil spirits". And "welcoming XiShen" means walking and worshipping Kyrgyzstan as mentioned in the almanac, and asking XiShen to bless himself at the age of one. In Shanghai, it’s also called "Happy God’s Prescription".

Happy new year. The source of original hand-drawn drawings is the same as above.

"Happy New Year" is an important theme at the beginning of the year. There is an order for New Year greetings. As far as folk families are concerned, the first is to worship the gods and ancestors, the second is to worship the elders and elders, and then the members of the family worship each other.

There are two points worth noting about New Year greetings. First of all, the traditional custom is to pay New Year greetings only at home on the first day, and not to go out to visit relatives and friends until the second day. Secondly, don’t make a mistake in the "bowing hand" ceremony in New Year’s greetings-China culture respects the left and takes the left as the yang, so when bowing, you need to make a fist with your right hand, palm your left hand, or wrap or cover your right fist. This bowing gesture is "Jibai"; On the contrary, it is fierce worship and can be used for mourning.

The first day is the first day of the new year, and people all hope that everything will go smoothly at the beginning of the year, which is a good sign. Therefore, there are many taboos on this day, and they often can’t be broken until the fifth day:

1. Avoid saying unlucky things. In case children spill the beans, many families put up a red note saying "Children’s words are unbridled" to crack it.

2. Avoid sweeping the floor, splashing water outside and taking out the garbage, because it is easy to sweep away the wealth at home. If the ground is dirty and must be swept, then sweep it inward, symbolizing that the treasure enters the door. After sweeping, put it in the trash can and keep it.

3. Avoid bathing, shampooing and washing clothes, so as not to wash away the good fortune of the year.

4, avoid breaking the cups and bowls. If you accidentally break the dishes, quickly say "peace".

5, when eating, avoid using boiled water to soak rice, and avoid using soup to soak rice, otherwise you will be lucky in the New Year.

"Mice Marry" paper-cut.

As the saying goes, "the first day is early, the second day is early, and the third day is full." The Chinese New Year is very busy and tiring these days. On the third night, people need to give themselves a reason to go to bed early, that is, "a mouse marries a woman". Everyone turns off the lights and goes to sleep early, so as not to disturb the happy event of mice marrying women. People often sprinkle some rice grains or cake crumbs on the corner of the house as a wedding gift to show that they can share a year’s harvest with mice. Therefore, New Year pictures and paper-cuts of "Mice Marry Women" and "Mice Marry" are also regarded as mascots among the people, and can be posted on walls or windows during the New Year.

The fifth day and the sixth day: break the ban, send the poor and welcome the god of wealth.

Set off firecrackers to welcome the god of wealth. The source of original hand-drawn drawings is the same as above.

In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, there is a very important god to meet on the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, that is, the God of Wealth, also known as the "Road Head God" or "Five Road God". "Five roads", as the name implies, are rich in things, north and south. Everyone loves the god of wealth, and it is very popular. The sooner you receive it, the more effective it will be. Therefore, it is said that the fifth day is the day to meet the gods, but people want to "grab the road" early on the fourth night.

Gu Lu, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, described this great event in Wu in Qing Jia Lu: "The fifth day of the first month is the birthday of Lu Tou Shen. Golden gongs and firecrackers, which are sacrificed to the past, are eager to make a profit, and they must get up early to meet them, which is called the end of the road. " After receiving God, everyone still has to eat road wine, often until dawn.

Shanghai welcomes the god of wealth with carp, also known as "silver ingot fish", and fishmongers call it "sending silver ingot fish". These customs, Yuan Zuzhi’s "Poems of Bamboo Branches on the Sea" wrote: "Yuanbao shouted to send it in, and Caidong made a fortune again tonight; Carps don’t jump into the dragon gate, but also offer gold and silver to Taiwan. “

There are also secular reasons for welcoming the god of wealth on the fourth night and the early morning of the fifth day. In the old days, Chinese New Year shops closed their doors on New Year’s Eve and reopened on the fifth day of the first month. This is connected with the god of wealth, so that we can "open the door to see wealth" and "make rich resources" smoothly and profitably.

Go poor. The source of original hand-drawn drawings is the same as above.

On the fifth day of the fifth day, the more popular customs in northern China are "breaking the fifth day" and "sending the poor", which belong to taboo and blessing activities. "Breaking Five", that is, those taboos in the past few days, can be lifted after this day. And "sending the poor" is also related to this. The garbage that was not dumped in order to accumulate wealth before was just cleaned up on this day, and this attention became "sending the poor".

There are many ways to send the poor. It’s simply that firecrackers are ringing in the morning and the garbage is dumped out of the door. The more complicated thing is to cut a villain ("poor daughter-in-law") with paper, and even let her carry a paper bag filled with garbage outside the door and burn it. In Han Yu’s "Send the Poor", it is mentioned that it is necessary to "make a car out of willows, bind grass as a boat, carry grain, tie the ox under the yoke, and sail on the pole" for the poor. That is to say, when sending the poor, it is necessary to prepare vehicles, boats and dry food for the poor and send them away quickly.

The ceremony of "seeing the poor off" can also be held on the sixth day of the sixth day, even on the dark day of the first month. Han Yu’s "sending the poor" is in the dark days. Dark day, that is, the last day of each month in the lunar calendar, and the dark day in the first month of the year, that is, "the first dark day", is particularly valued.

The seventh day: "People’s Day", Dai Sheng, seven dishes soup.

The seventh day of the Lunar New Year is "People’s Day", and the previous six days are "Livestock Day". The Chronicle of Jingchu’s Age quoted Dong Xun’s Asking about Etiquette and Custom as saying: "On the first day of the first month, you will be a chicken, on the second day, a dog, on the third day, a pig, on the fourth day, a sheep, on the fifth day, a cow, on the sixth day, a horse, and on the seventh day, you will be a human being. Zhengdan painted a chicken on the door and posted it on the account on the seventh day. " Therefore, "Today, no chickens, no dogs, no pigs, no sheep, no cattle, no horses, no execution, and no execution."

Dai Ren wins. The source of original hand-drawn drawings is the same as above.

The important custom of "People’s Day" on the seventh day of the seventh day is "wearing people to win", so "People’s Day" is also called "People’s Victory Festival". Human victory is a kind of ornament. Women cut the ribbon for flowers, or cut the ribbon for people, or carve gold foil for people, stick it on screens, bed curtains, or wear it in their hair to pray for blessings and avoid disasters. "Chronicle of Jingchu’s Years Old" explains the meaning of "Dai Ren Sheng", which means that "those who cut the ribbon will enter the New Year, and the description will be changed from the new one", that is, the New Year will take on a new look. This custom has been popular since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it has been paid more and more attention since the Tang Dynasty. On every "People’s Day", the emperor gave the ministers colorful decorations to win, and gave them a big banquet to compose poems for the holidays, while the people cut the ribbon and gave them to each other. In Li Yuan’s poem "Cut the Ribbon" in the Tang Dynasty, there is a poem "A gift of money is given to a blind date, and a silver hairpin is decorated with a phoenix; Two birds in a row, two bridge people ".

The festive food of "People’s Day" is "seven-dish soup", which is a soup made by chopping seven kinds of vegetables and cooking them together. If you eat them, you can pray for the New Year and prevent all diseases. This food custom has declined in modern times. But interestingly, Japan will eat "seven grass porridge" on January 7th. This custom has been popular among Japanese people since the Edo period. In Japanese haiku, there is praise for seven grass porridge "The porridge tastes good and the intestines are longing for the Soviet Union". In fact, this custom was introduced from the ancient and popular seven dishes soup in China.

　　On April 25th, the Shanghai Composite Index closed down by 5.13%, and fell below the 3,000-point mark again after 22 months to 2,928.51 points, bringing a general decline covering more than 96% of the stocks.

　　Why did A shares plummet? Many institutions believe that it is the result of the failure to effectively hedge external risks and internal benefits under multi-factor resonance. A shares will be repaired, but it will take some time.

　　Overseas markets are surging &mdash; &mdash; James Bullard, a well-known hawkish official of the Federal Reserve, refused to rule out the possibility of raising interest rates by 75 basis points (BP) in early May. According to CME’s FedWatch tool, the probability that traders will raise interest rates by 75BP at least once in the next two meetings is over 95%. In the first quarter, US stock earnings reached a climax this week. Five-sevenths of the companies with the largest market capitalization in the United States will release earnings reports, mainly technology giants, which will naturally become the focus. The agency expects that the overall profit growth rate will be the lowest in the past five quarters. US stocks plunged last Friday, with the Dow falling by 1,000 points.

　　At the same time, on the 25th, the offshore RMB broke through the 6.6 mark against the US dollar, with the depreciation rate exceeding 2,400 points since the beginning of the year. As of 16:30, USD/onshore RMB reported 6.5544, down 669 points from the previous closing price, the lowest since April 2 last year; As of 18:49, USD/offshore RMB reported 6.6041. Then, the central bank announced that it would reduce the foreign exchange reserve ratio, and the offshore RMB rebounded by 300 points in the short term to near 6.5738.

　　The Shanghai Composite Index fell below 3,000, and the hot stocks plunged.

　　Affected by weakening market sentiment, the Shanghai Composite Index fell below 3,000 points on the 25th. After the resumption of the market performance during several RMB devaluations since 2015, the overall market was dominated by decline, with relatively dominant value and finance in style, and its growth was greatly affected.

　　Since April, the major indexes have continued to fall by shocks. Last week, the Shanghai Composite Index and the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index fell by 3.87% and 4.19% respectively, while the Growth Enterprise Market fell by 6.66%. At the industry level, textile clothing benefited from the depreciation of RMB exchange rate, rising by 4.93%, while the decline of electricity and public utilities, food, household appliances and transportation was relatively small; Real estate, steel, nonferrous metals, coal, medicine and building materials were among the top losers.

　　On the 25th, the hot stocks fell sharply, including the Internet, basic metals, education, chemical raw materials, leisure products, aerospace and military industries, which fell by more than 8%, while the popular concept sectors including photoresist, sodium ion batteries, industrial metals, semiconductor equipment, aluminum industry and online education fell by more than 9%. Even the COVID-19 antigen testing, large-scale infrastructure, generic drugs and other sectors, which once became the concept sector of A-shares rising against the trend, fell by more than 3.5% on that day. Short positions favored by foreign investors, such as China Merchants Bank, New China Life Insurance, Wuliangye, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and Longji, all fell more than 5%.

　　At present, it is in the intensive release period of a quarterly report, and some manufacturing growth leaders have slowed down their performance growth or failed to meet expectations, which may lead to a decline in stock prices and suppress the overall performance of A shares. For example, Hengrui Pharma, the leading pharmaceutical stock, plunged at the opening, and fell sharply in intraday trading, closing at 29.7 yuan/share, hitting a three-year low. Another example is Longji shares, which fell by 8.69% to 56.61 yuan/share on the 25th after many days’ decline, and the market value of one day evaporated by 29.176 billion yuan.

　　According to the reporter, on the 25th, the total market value of 4,799 listed companies in the city evaporated to 4.58 trillion yuan. Since the beginning of this year, the average decline of the above 255 listed companies is as high as 19%.

　　A number of institutions told reporters that the sharp drop in A shares was the result of the failure to effectively hedge external risks and internal benefits. "It is precisely because the weak rebound expectation is broken that the market is moving in an extreme direction." Yan Kaiwen, chief strategist of Huaxin Securities, said.

　　Li Meicen, chief strategist of Caitong Securities, also put forward the theory of "dislocation". "At present, the external economy is at a high level, China’s economy is at a low level, and the economic fundamentals are at the biggest dislocation stage. The external is receiving, we are releasing, the exchange rate expectation pressure is high, the stock market stock game, and the liquidity is more pessimistic. " The two-way dislocation inside and outside, coupled with the repeated epidemic, the constant thunder in the first quarter, the recovery of supply chain and the recovery of consumption have not improved, so the Shanghai Composite Index is close to the previous low again, and investors are more pessimistic.

　　How does the exchange rate affect A shares?

　　Since 2010, there have been eight obvious cycles of RMB depreciation, in which A shares rose four times and fell four times. Specifically, after the "811 Exchange Reform" in 2015, the RMB exchange rate experienced four obvious devaluations. The first two times were the narrowing of the spread between China and the United States caused by the tightening of the Federal Reserve, and the macroeconomic kinetic energy was "strong in the United States and weak in the middle". Corresponding to the performance of the stock market, both the broader market and the industry closed down.

　　The probability that RMB depreciation is positively related to the decline of A shares is 50%. There is no direct causal relationship between the stock market and the exchange rate, but the exchange rate is usually a reflection of the basic market. At the same time, with the increase of the participation of overseas investors in A shares, the impact of foreign capital flows on A shares is increasing. Therefore, Yan Kaiwen believes that the rapid depreciation of the RMB exchange rate since 2018 has a dominant impact on A shares, and at the same time, such impact will be amplified in the weak stage of A shares.

　　"The market expects more steady growth policies and measures to stabilize the economy and market expectations, thus boosting investor sentiment. The current market uncertainty is more prominent. Seeing more and doing less is still a more suitable investment strategy for ordinary investors. The opportunities after the direction is determined are easier to grasp. " Yuan Huaming, general manager of Huahui Chuangfu Investment, said.

　　Li Meicen said that this week is a crucial week, and the uncertainty that investors pay attention to is becoming clear. On the one hand, with the improvement of the domestic epidemic situation and the recovery of the supply chain, the domestic economy will run upwards, and corporate profits are expected to gradually stabilize and rebound. On the other hand, in the case of less incremental funds, the market showed a situation of stock game in the first half of the year. If the Federal Reserve did not make a more "eagle" statement later, with the comparative advantage of China’s economy highlighted, overseas funds may flow back to emerging markets, especially the China market with significant allocation value in the medium and long term.

　　As for the follow-up trend of the exchange rate, the most critical export data has not changed much, and there is no sign that the capital outflow will continue to accelerate significantly. The weakening of the emotional side is the main reason. "At present, offshore hedge funds have begun to make more dollars against the RMB. Although there are many uncertainties and even some institutions are at a loss, it seems more mainstream to make more dollars in the short term." A foreign bank strategist told CBN.

　　Another foreign trader told reporters: "Let the bullets fly for a while." In fact, from October last year to the beginning of last week, the RMB kept in the range of 6.3, and the fluctuation was unusually low, and there was no trace of offshore short positions. At that time, China’s exports continued to be strong, and domestic US dollar deposits reached 1.1 trillion US dollars, which also made enterprises unwilling to buy US dollars. Moreover, before that, the RMB yield was still higher than the US dollar, and shorting the RMB required a spread. However, at present, the situation has reversed, and even if the prospects are highly uncertain, offshore institutions have begun to test the water and short.

　　The spread between China and the United States has been upside down for nearly two weeks. As of the close of 25th, the yield of China ten-year treasury bonds 220003(22 interest-bearing treasury bonds 03) was 2.8325%. The yield of US 10-year Treasury bonds was reported at 2.828% on Monday, down from the high of 3% hit last week, but it is still expected to rise in the future.

　　However, around 19: 20 on the 25th, the central bank announced that it would reduce the foreign exchange deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 1 percentage point, that is, from the current 9% to 8%. This means that the market dollar liquidity will increase, releasing the signal of the central bank to stabilize the RMB.

　　"This is more symbolic, with a range of only 1%, but it also shows that the central bank is happy to see the two-way fluctuation of the RMB, but it does not want to see the exchange rate depreciate sharply too quickly." The above traders told reporters that the maximum release of US dollar liquidity was US$ 10 billion, which was still relatively small compared with the daily average US$/RMB trading volume in the onshore market of US$ 39 billion.

　　In fact, before this RRR cut, the central bank "increased the RRR" twice last year, each time by 2%, and the foreign exchange reserve ratio rose from 5% before June last year to 9%. At that time, the central bank intended to slow down the appreciation of the RMB. In 2021, due to strong exports and accelerated inflow of foreign capital, the RMB once rose to around 6.3.

　　Be wary of the Fed raising interest rates by 75BP in May.

　　In the next two weeks, the financial reports of overseas central banks and US stocks will be the focus of the market, which will also have an impact on the RMB and China stock market.

　　US stocks closed down sharply last Friday. The Dow hit its biggest one-day drop so far this year, closing down 981.36 points, or 2.82%.

　　The increasingly hawkish stance of the Fed is the main reason. Federal Reserve Chairman Powell said last week that "it is possible to raise interest rates by 50BP at the meeting in May", while Brad refused to rule out the possibility of raising interest rates by 75BP next month.

　　"It is becoming increasingly clear that the Fed is accepting the view that it needs to raise interest rates extremely aggressively to control inflation. The Fed has never raised interest rates by 75BP at one time since 1994, but the hint of raising interest rates by 75BP seems not so bizarre to almost all of us now. In fact, according to CME’s FedWatch tool, traders now count the chances of raising interest rates by 75 basis points at least once in the next two meetings of the Fed to exceed 95%. " Matt Weller, head of global research at Jiasheng Group, told reporters.

　　"In view of this, the volatility of all markets is likely to remain high for the rest of this year." He said. The core PCE report will be released this Friday, which is the most favored inflation indicator of the Fed, and it has been rising for five months. Judging from the early estimates, the core PCE may remain unchanged at 5.4% this time. If the reading is unexpectedly higher than expected, it may open the door to raising interest rates by 75BP as soon as next Thursday, which may be highly profitable for the US dollar and bad for the US stock market. As of 17: 50 Beijing time on the 25th, the US dollar index stood at 101.573.