Investigation on illegal sale of ＂real certificate＂： 3,500 yuan to run the Putonghua grade certificate.

　　Some professional qualification certificates can be inquired through the national networking system.

　　Investigation on the phenomenon of illegal sale of "real certificate"

　　Investigation motive

　　It seems that the demand for various qualification certificates through informal channels has not decreased, which can be seen from a fraudulent case of manufacturing and selling fake certificates on the websites of state organs uncovered by the police in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province. In this case, the police have initially identified more than 34,000 pieces of information about people who handle false certificates, involving labor and personnel, science, education and culture, health care and medicine, engineering construction and other fields, and the personnel are distributed in more than 20 provinces, cities and regions across the country.

　　Where there is demand, there is market. From street poles to online shops, accreditation advertisements can be seen almost everywhere. In everyone’s impression, such advertisements for accreditation correspond to fake documents, just like the case cracked by Nantong police. However, the "Legal Daily" reporter found that in the accreditation business, some businesses claimed that they could provide "genuine" professional qualification certificates.

　　□ Our reporter Han Dandong

　　□ Intern Li Wenguan of this newspaper

　　Han Lin, who is studying at Tianjin Normal University, has been struggling recently. Seeing that she will graduate next year, she hasn’t got a teacher’s qualification certificate so far because Mandarin is not enough, which has a great impact on finding a job.

　　There are two choices before Han Lin, either practicing Putonghua hard and taking the exam again, or spending money to get a Putonghua grade certificate. "Compared with the two, the risks are the same." Han Lin said, "if you take the exam again, you may still fail;" Spend money to apply for a certificate, although the other party promises to inquire, but I don’t know whether it is true or not. "

　　Han Lin told the reporter of Legal Daily that it is almost an open secret among the students to spend money on the real certificate that can be inquired through official website. According to her understanding, in addition to the teacher qualification certificate, legal professional qualification certificate and other certificates can not be bought online, some professional qualification certificates, such as Putonghua grade certificate, health certificate, nutritionist and other certificates can be bought online, "it is said that it can also be found on official website".

　　According to the regulations, applicants need to take the corresponding exams and meet the standards before they can obtain the qualification certificate. Does it really exist that you can get a qualification certificate without taking an exam and be able to query through official website? The "Legal Daily" reporter launched an investigation on this.

　　3,500 yuan to run the Putonghua Grade Certificate.

　　For those who want to engage in the teaching profession, the Putonghua grade certificate is a necessary document. However, some people miss out on the teaching position because Mandarin is not up to standard, such as Zhou Wei.

　　Although I majored in education in college and always wanted to be a teacher, Zhou Wei has been unable to apply for a teacher position. "Because my Mandarin is not enough, I can’t take the teacher qualification exam, so I can’t apply for a teacher. Now I can only do some non-teaching work in some small training institutions."

　　Zhou Wei said that the failure of Putonghua has always bothered her, so she paid attention to all kinds of information about the Putonghua exam. At the beginning of this year, when she inquired about relevant information, she found that an online shop was selling Putonghua Grade Certificate, and it could be inquired through official website. "I chose a good online shop. The store said that 3,500 yuan can be used for a first-class and second-class certificate of Putonghua. Pay the deposit of 600 yuan first, and it can be done in two months. After another month, you can check online, and you can pay the final payment after the inquiry. " Zhou Wei said, "At that time, I tentatively asked if I could directly apply for a teacher qualification certificate. The store’s statement is that it is too difficult to apply for a teacher qualification certificate. "

　　Holding the psychology that "a dead horse is a living horse doctor", Zhou Wei paid the store a 600 yuan deposit. Two months later, the first-class and second-class certificate of Putonghua was sent to Zhou Wei. About a week later, the store told Zhou Wei that she could inquire. Zhou Wei logged into the national Putonghua training and testing information resource network and found that both scores and certificates could be found. Zhou Wei then clicked on the online store to confirm the payment.

　　With the experience of handling Putonghua Grade Certificate, Zhou Wei took advantage of the opportunity to spend money to buy a second-class computer certificate. "I checked, and there is no problem."

　　Online shopping level 4 chef’s certificate can be queried online.

　　Liu Jun, from Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, also told reporters about his experience of buying a certificate.

　　In July this year, Liu Jun learned from a friend that he could buy a certificate. After that, he searched for an online shop with a permit business on an e-commerce platform.

　　"I’m a good cook. I’ve always wanted to get a chef’s certificate. I just tried it that time." Liu Jun told reporters that after he told the online shop owner about the need for a chef’s certificate, the other party said that there was no problem, and he only needed to provide a 1-inch ID photo and a photo of the front and back of the ID card. He sent the photos to the other party’s mailbox as requested by the other party.

　　"The shopkeeper said that the first cooperation was a sign of sincerity, and payment could be made after the certificate was completed. It will take about two months to get the certificate. Official website needs to wait for a month or so after the certificate is completed. " Liu Jun said.

　　On September 21st, Liu Jun received a photo of the certificate from the owner of the online shop. "What is shown above is my personal information. The column of occupation (type of work) and grade is filled in as Chinese Cooker Level 4. The score of theoretical knowledge test is 67, and the score of operational skills test is 68, and the evaluation result is qualified." Liu Jun said that the certificate was issued on September 14th, 2017. At that time, official website still couldn’t find it. The owner said that online inquiry will have to wait for about a month.

　　On November 10th, Liu Jun received a notice from the owner that the previous certificate had been online. Liu Jun inquired online according to the information of the photos he had received before, and information such as personal basic information and test scores appeared on the webpage, which was exactly the same as the information on the certificate. The data was reported on November 7.

　　Subsequently, Liu Jun forwarded the previously agreed 400 yuan to the other party via WeChat, and sent the address to the other party. The owner said that it would be mailed as soon as possible and paid by SF Express. On November 13th, Liu Jun received the documents mailed by the other party.

　　Liu Jun showed the reporter this "real certificate" purchased from the Internet. The reporter saw that the official seal of the issuing authority on the left side of the certificate is the special seal for the appraisal of the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of a city in Jiangxi Province, and the special seal for the professional skill appraisal of occupational skill testing authority of a city in Jiangxi Province on the right side of the certificate, with the words of steel seal clearly visible.

　　Customer service reminds me to search for official website query by myself.

　　Is Zhou Wei and Liu Jun’s experience of buying securities a case or a market?

　　On an e-commerce platform, the reporter of Legal Daily searched for the keyword "certificate", and thousands of products appeared in the query results. However, the query page says "training" and "certificate holster, diploma qualification certificate driver’s license shell … …”

　　"Legal Daily" reporter entered an online shop, which opened in 2009, with a favorable rate of more than 98%. The owner of the online shop wrote in the statement: "Chengzheng Studio undertakes all kinds of complicated certificates, five-star service, fair price, professional technology, advanced equipment, quick delivery and your satisfaction are the driving forces for us to continue. Welcome everyone to come! Registration process: consult and confirm the registration materials submitted for the registration course and pay the registration fee. After checking the certificate, pay the final payment SF mail certificate. "

　　The "Legal Daily" reporter opened the online consultation window of the store, and the other party directly asked: "What certificate do I need to apply for?" The reporter asked if he could apply for a welding certificate, and the customer service quickly replied "Yes" and introduced the price of each certificate to the reporter.

　　The "Legal Daily" reporter asked the store owner how to pay for all the treasures in the online store. The customer service said that after discussing the price of the certificate, just shoot the baby in the certificate shell directly. The price of the certificate shell is 10 yuan, so you can shoot more babies according to the certificate price.

　　Subsequently, the reporter of Legal Daily searched with "professional qualification certificate" as the key word, and there was no need to filter. The search results all read "professional qualification certificate, human resource manager level 1, level 2 and level 3". The reporter clicked into an online shop named "Yimei Culture and Education Center". Just entering the online store, the customer service staff asked the reporter what certificate he needed to apply for. The reporter asked if he could apply for a chef’s certificate. The customer service replied: "Yes, you need to provide one-inch or two-inch recent photos (blue or red background, white background) and a copy of your ID card. You can only apply for intermediate or advanced, intermediate 780 yuan, and advanced 1,280 yuan. The intermediate certificate will be issued in about two months, and the advanced certificate will be issued in three or four months. After the certificate is issued, it will be queried on the national website in two months."

　　The reporter asked how to ensure the authenticity of the documents. The customer service immediately said, "It’s impossible for a fake certificate to come down for that long. It’s good to make a fake certificate for a few days. Besides, you have to go to jail for making a fake certificate. If you don’t believe it, you can wait until you find it before confirming the receipt. "

　　After listening to the introduction of customer service, the reporter said that some inquiry websites are fake now. The customer service reminded the reporter that you should not use the website that the merchant gave you to inquire, but directly search for the national vocational qualification certificate from the Internet, and inquire from the regular official website. "The real certificates are all checked about two months after the issuance of the certificate, and the national inquiry system is updated regularly, so it is impossible to check the certificate."

　　Online shop trading cycle is consistent, but prices are different.

　　In an online shop named "Jiangxi Textual Research Network", the reporter of "Legal Daily" just clicked on the chat page, and the other party suggested that the reporter contact by phone or WeChat. The reporter added a WeChat according to the mobile phone number provided by the other party, and this is called "Jiangxi Textual Research Studio — — Teacher Li’ s people started to communicate. The reporter asked what documents he could apply for, and "Teacher Li" said that he could only apply for some professional qualification certificates, and guaranteed that they could be checked.

　　An online shop named "Macy’s University Hall" opened on October 11th, 2004, with a favorable rate of 99.44%. It is located in Nanjing, Jiangsu. When entering the store, there are three points for attention on the home page: special goods, once sold, will not be returned, please know; All trainees who have been trained by this institution shall ensure to get the vocational qualification certificate recognized by the state; All certificates can be checked for permanent registration, which can be checked in this life and in the next life. At the bottom of the page, the optional certificates include 10 categories, such as business services, electronic information and building electrician.

　　The "Legal Daily" reporter inquired about a number of online stores on an e-commerce platform. The shopkeepers’ caliber was almost the same, and they all guaranteed to issue certificates in two or three months. After issuing certificates, they could check online for two months. Most of them traded by paying the deposit first and then paying the final payment. The materials needed to apply for certificates are almost the same, mostly photos and copies of ID cards, and some need to fill out a form, including the name, age, education and other basic information of the applicant. The prices of these documents vary. Take the intermediate vocational qualification certificate as an example. Some merchants ask for three or four hundred yuan, while others ask for seven or eight hundred yuan, all of which promise to be checked for life.

　　Vocational skill appraisal institutions organize examinations.

　　According to the regulations, what are the procedures for applying for vocational qualification certificates?

　　According to a staff member of the Business Department of the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, citizens who want to obtain vocational qualification certificates should register at the vocational skill appraisal institute first. Vocational skill appraisal institute is established with the approval of personnel department, and every district in Lanzhou has vocational skill appraisal institute. After the registration, the vocational skill appraisal institute first examines the qualifications of candidates, including age, whether the education is appropriate, and the type of personnel, such as students or social workers. After the vocational skill appraisal institute examines the qualifications of the registered candidates, the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau will conduct further qualification examination, mainly to see whether there are conditions for entering the examination. In the third step, the vocational skill appraisal institute needs to do preparatory work before the exam, such as printing the admission ticket. These are all audit links, and they are also the work that needs to be done in vocational skill appraisal. The fourth step is to organize the candidates’ examination by the vocational skill appraisal institute. After the candidates get the admission ticket, they will take the examination according to the time and place specified in the admission ticket. At the end of the exam, the vocational skill appraisal institute will score and score, and it will be qualified if it reaches 60 points or more. After that, the vocational skill appraisal institute reported the data of qualified candidates to the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau. The Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau will further review various information such as candidates’ grades and ages. After the examination and approval by the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau, the data of qualified candidates will be reported to the provincial appraisal center. After the final review, the provincial appraisal center will inform the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau of the results, and one who is qualified will be given an empty certificate, and then the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau will fill in the information and finally issue the certificate.

　　According to this staff member, the examination was organized by the Vocational Skills Appraisal Institute. During the examination, the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau organized personnel to conduct on-site inspections. For the examination papers, the Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau should also organize personnel to conduct spot checks, and the workload of the census is too great.

　　So, what is the vocational skill appraisal institute?

　　The reporter inquired that both the vocational skill appraisal institute and the human resources service intermediary agency applied to the municipal human resources department or the provincial human resources department for establishment.

　　Article 69 of the Labor Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: The state determines the occupational classification, sets the vocational skill standards for the specified occupations, and implements the vocational qualification certificate system, and the assessment and appraisal institutions approved by the government are responsible for the assessment and appraisal of workers’ vocational skills.

　　Paragraph 2 of Article 26 of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Promotion of Private Education stipulates that students who have received vocational skills training and passed the appraisal by vocational skill appraisal institutions approved by the government may be issued with national vocational qualification certificates.

　　How to apply for the establishment of a vocational skill appraisal institution? The reporter inquired about the information and found that the conditions for accepting the identification of vocational skill appraisal institutions by local human and social departments are almost the same. Taking Tianjin as an example, the application conditions are as follows: vocational skill appraisal institutions should meet the basic conditions stipulated by national laws, regulations and policies; The sponsor shall have the legal person qualification; Having a clear name, organization and articles of association; There are full-time and part-time assessors; Having the purpose, objective and outline of appraisal; Equipment and facilities meet the prescribed standards; The registered capital reaches the prescribed standard; There are venues that meet the needs of identification.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, the interviewee in this article is a pseudonym.)

　　Cartography/Li Xiaojun