Departments in charge of industry and informatization, development and reform, science and technology, finance, ecological environment, transportation, agriculture and rural areas, commerce, culture and tourism, market supervision and banking supervision of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

Traditional superior food producing areas and local characteristic food industries are important development carriers and key growth engines of China’s food industry. In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, implement the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-term Goals for 2035, accelerate the development of traditional superior food producing areas and local specialty food industries, foster the formation of new kinetic energy for economic development, and help rural revitalization and common prosperity, this guidance is formulated.　

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the people-centered development idea, carry out in-depth supply-side structural reforms, fully release the industrial development potential and promote comprehensive rural revitalization and common prosperity based on regional resource endowments and unique food culture.

According to local conditions, highlight the characteristics. Dig deep into the superior resources in various places, clarify the development direction and cultivation priority, build a food industry system with regional characteristics, and form a diversified and differentiated industrial competition pattern.

Market-led, overall promotion. Optimize the development environment of traditional superior food producing areas and local characteristic food industries, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, and help enterprises and industries grow and develop.

Leading by producing areas, gathering and developing. Guide the traditional superior food producing areas to further exert the agglomeration effect, strengthen the construction of public service platform, promote the creation and promotion of regional brands, and promote the development of large, medium and small enterprises.

Ensure safety and serve the people. Strengthen the main responsibility of quality and safety of food enterprises, improve the quality and safety risk management and control ability of the whole industry chain, and ensure the "safety on the tip of the tongue" while meeting the diverse food consumption needs of the people.

By 2025, the scale of traditional superior food producing areas will continue to grow, the geographical coverage will be further expanded, the quality and efficiency of local specialty food industry will continue to improve, the supply chain support capacity will be significantly improved, the integration level of primary, secondary and tertiary industries will continue to be optimized, and the modernization level of industrial chain will be greatly improved. The development pattern of local specialty food with "10 billion leading enterprises, 100 billion clusters and 1 trillion industries" will basically take shape. Cultivate more than five traditional superior food producing areas with annual revenue exceeding 100 billion yuan, and more than 25 leading enterprises with annual revenue exceeding 10 billion yuan, and create a number of well-known national brands of local specialty food products and typical cases of industrialization of local specialty snacks.

Strengthen the protection and utilization of raw material varieties of high-quality edible agricultural products, strengthen the expansion and breeding of special and rare agricultural products, and provide strong support for the development of local specialty food industry. Strengthen the cultivation of varieties of raw materials suitable for processing, support universities, scientific research institutes and seed enterprises to vigorously carry out the introduction, testing, evaluation and innovative utilization of special varieties of processing resources around the development needs of local food industry, optimize the quality and processing performance of raw materials, and expand the scope of application.

Encourage enterprises to focus on the advantage areas of China’s characteristic agricultural products and tilt to the border areas appropriately, establish a long-term and stable supply base for agricultural raw materials, and develop large-scale breeding. Carry out investigation and monitoring of agricultural non-point source pollution, implement measures to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution, standardize the use of agricultural inputs such as agricultural and veterinary drugs, fertilizers and feeds, promote the recycling of agricultural wastes, strictly control the source of heavy metal pollution such as cadmium in soil, and protect the ecological environment. Encourage the declaration to create a national organic food production base.

Encourage local specialty food production enterprises to form a stable cooperative relationship with farmers’ professional cooperatives, family farms and other new agricultural business entities in the form of order farming, or establish a variety of cooperation modes such as contract, dividend and equity with farmers of agricultural raw materials, organize specialized institutions or professionals to carry out targeted technical guidance on breeding, form a long-term and stable source of high-quality raw materials supply, and let farmers share the value-added benefits of the whole industry chain.

?#xa0; (B) to promote the construction of characteristic industrial clusters

Support governments at all levels to base themselves on local characteristic food industry resources, strengthen high-level planning and layout, guide enterprises to concentrate in traditional superior food producing areas, and amplify the industrial cluster effect. Aiming at the upstream and downstream supporting requirements of the industry, we will introduce enterprises such as agricultural product pretreatment, cold chain logistics, packaging and printing, and e-commerce to promote the optimization and upgrading of production factors and form a number of competitive advanced manufacturing clusters.

Encourage local specialty food leading enterprises to play the role of the main engine of the industrial chain, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, vigorously carry out brand and channel construction, give play to the collective radiation effect, drive the development of upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises, and improve the efficiency of resource allocation. Strengthen the cultivation of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of local specialty foods, guide all kinds of growth enterprises to deepen market segments, strengthen division of labor and cooperation, enlarge and strengthen products and brands in professional fields, and create a good industrial ecology for the development of large, medium and small enterprises.

Support traditional superior food producing areas to build characteristic leading product trading centers and wholesale markets, and encourage the establishment of intermediary organizations such as industry associations and industry alliances to expand the influence of local specialty foods. Strengthen the construction of a public service platform integrating process technology research and development, testing and certification, and personnel training, improve the infrastructure such as power supply, water supply, gas supply, solid waste and sewage treatment in producing areas, and support the high-quality development of traditional advantageous producing areas. Strengthen the construction of cold chain logistics facilities for agricultural products such as pre-cooling, storage and preservation, and fill in the shortcomings of "the first mile" of food raw materials.

With the help of national key R&D plans and other scientific and technological resources, we will carry out research on the mechanism of nutritional components, physiological functions and component structure changes in local specialty foods, and accelerate the research and development of common key technologies such as nutritional targeting design, flavor quality modification, efficient extraction and separation of functional components, and adaptive transformation of processing technology. Strengthen the popularization and application of practical technologies such as ultra-fine grinding, rapid enzyme inactivation, energy-saving quick freezing and modified atmosphere preservation. Deeply practice the "big food concept" and increase the development of new food resources.

促进全自动高速无菌灌装、智能温控蒸煮、数控高密度发酵、微波灭菌、超高压非热杀菌等现代食品加工工艺装备推广应用。整合地方特色食品企业、装备制造企业和科研院所力量，构建关键技术装备创新应用联合体，逐步提升重要装备供给能力。支持企业大力开展技术改造，积极应用首台（套）重大技术装备等，不断提升工艺装备水平。

3. Promotion and application of industrial design

Give full play to the role of industrial design in empowering the local specialty food industry, accelerate the penetration into product research and development, processing and manufacturing, design and other aspects, promote the deep integration of product design with Chinese traditional craft culture, and effectively enhance the added value, competitiveness and brand influence of products. In-depth implementation of the relevant standards and requirements to limit excessive packaging of goods, and practice the concept of simple, moderate and green development of food packaging design.

Support local specialty food production enterprises to establish and improve the food safety management system, equip with food safety management personnel, strictly manage suppliers, check incoming goods, control production process, and conduct factory inspection, and regularly carry out food safety self-inspection. Encourage enterprises to meet the requirements of good production practices, implement GB/T 19000 series quality management system, ISO22000 food safety management system, hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system certification, strengthen the training of advanced quality management standards, and establish a whole chain quality and safety risk prevention system. Encourage enterprises to implement the national standard of credit management system and establish the whole life cycle traceability system of local specialty foods.

Encourage local specialty food enterprises to strengthen the application of quality and safety control technologies, instruments and equipment such as raw material pretreatment, processing and manufacturing, packaging and sterilization, accurate identification and elimination of foreign bodies, and automatic quality perception, so as to improve the ability and level of inspection and quality and safety risk prevention. Encourage the establishment of local specialty food manufacturing innovation centers, national industrial measurement and testing centers, national market supervision key laboratories and technological innovation centers.

Establish a whole-process supervision system from the breeding, production and processing of agricultural raw materials to circulation and consumption. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of local specialty food production enterprises, urge enterprises to strictly implement the main responsibility of food safety, and prevent food safety risks such as raw material pollution. Strengthen daily supervision and sampling monitoring, and intensify supervision and rectification of enterprises whose quality and safety are not up to standard. Strengthen the food safety emergency response capacity of traditional superior food producing areas, improve the emergency response mechanism, and establish and improve the product quality and food safety information release system.

Promote the innovation and development of time-honored brands in the food field, promote the integration of intangible cultural heritage, historical culture, festival culture, folk culture and other elements into local specialty food brands, and encourage enterprises to reasonably combine Chinese traditional food production techniques with modern food production technologies. Excavate the historical origin of local specialty foods, tell the stories of local specialty foods well and show the unique "taste" of local specialty foods by means of short videos, micro-movies, series of books, museums and archives construction.

Support the registration of collective trademarks in traditional superior food producing areas, accelerate the cultivation of regional public brands, guide enterprises in producing areas to actively use them, and enhance the brand image of producing areas. Encourage local specialty food production enterprises to develop green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products, implement the certificate system for edible agricultural products, and enhance brand influence. Encourage traditional superior food producing areas to establish professional service institutions for brand operation, strengthen the publicity of brand cultivation management system standards, improve the brand value evaluation system, and provide strong support for local specialty food brand building.

Encourage traditional superior food producing areas to hold professional exhibitions, expositions and trade fairs of local specialty foods, promote featured leading products through design competitions, tasting meetings and other forms, and enhance brand influence and reputation. Guide local specialty food manufacturers to participate in activities such as "China Brand Day", "Intangible Shopping Festival", "Eating Goods Festival", "National Tour" and "Entering Famous Stores", and intensify publicity and promotion. Support local specialty foods to explore the international market.

1.α Green, Low Carbon and Safe Development

Support local specialty food production enterprises to create green factories, accelerate the application of water-saving, energy-saving and grain-saving processing technology and equipment, promote the application of clean and efficient manufacturing technology, and improve the processing conversion rate. Encourage the development of circular economy in traditional superior food producing areas, strengthen the secondary development of processing by-products such as fruit and vegetable skin residue, grain and oil bran meal and animal bone blood, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of resources. Strengthen the prevention and control of air, water, soil and solid waste (white garbage) pollution to ensure the safety of ecological environment and food. Strictly implement the main responsibility of enterprise safety production and improve the level of intrinsic safety.

2. Digitalization and intelligence level

Promote the deep integration of modern information technologies such as 5G, industrial internet and big data with the whole industrial chain of local specialty foods, and promote the digital development of raw material collection, production and processing, warehousing and logistics. Promote digital R&D design, promote process reengineering, forge a number of digital workshops, 5G fully connected factories and intelligent factories, realize flexible production and intelligent manufacturing, accelerate product iterative updating, and improve the adaptability between supply and demand.

Support enterprises to consolidate cooperation with traditional channels such as supermarkets, convenience stores and community fresh food, strengthen the production and marketing docking with large-scale e-commerce platforms, deepen the omni-channel layout of production, circulation, sales and service, and realize the deep integration of online and offline diversified formats. Scientifically build a digital prediction model of local specialty food consumption demand, analyze consumption preferences in different regions and future consumption trends, and guide the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain to rationally allocate R&D, manufacturing and marketing resources to better meet the consumption demand of local specialty food.

Encourage traditional superior food producing areas to expand the industrial chain of local specialty foods, strengthen the deep integration of upstream and downstream, and cultivate innovative formats and models. Combined with the breeding base of characteristic agricultural products raw materials, we will develop shared farms, farming experiences, village houses and other formats. We should tap the functions of health, leisure and sightseeing, ecological protection and cultural inheritance of local specialty foods, and guide the integration and development of local specialty food industries with health care, tourism, popular science and entertainment industries. Accelerate the development of local specialty food prefabrication, promote the combination of traditional food production technology and modern food production technology, and launch a number of industrialized products such as Chinese cuisine and local snacks.

Actively create a local food consumption scene that integrates food tasting, cultural creativity, community communication and other functions, and provide diversified consumption experiences such as immersion, experience and interaction. Actively embed the consumption elements of local special foods into consumption scenes and carriers such as night economy, special catering gathering areas and large-scale commercial complexes, so as to widely gather popularity and promote the consumption of local special foods.

Establish a three-level collaborative working mechanism among the Ministry, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and cities, strengthen the linkage between the central and local governments, and carry out in-depth cultivation of traditional superior food producing areas and local specialty food industries. Establish an inter-ministerial coordination mechanism to jointly promote industrial development. Encourage all localities to take the development of local specialty food industry as an important measure to promote comprehensive rural revitalization and common prosperity, and strengthen systematic planning and supervision and implementation.

Make full use of existing capital channels to support the technological upgrading, processing equipment transformation and digital transformation of local specialty food production enterprises. Give full play to the role of national production integration as a platform, and guide financial institutions to provide assistance for the development of local specialty food production enterprises. Encourage market-oriented funds to increase support for technological innovation and weak links in the field of local specialty foods. We will steadily push forward the pilot project of verification and deduction of input tax of value-added tax on agricultural products.

充分发挥科研院所、标准化技术组织的专业优势，开展特色食品领域国家标准和行业标准制修订工作。鼓励社会团体和企业制定高于推荐性国家标准和行业标准相关技术要求的团体标准和企业标准。支持地方特色食品生产企业参与国际标准制定与转化。

?#xa0; 完善地方特色食品产业人才培养体系，借助高校、科研院所等资源，培养产业发展亟需的专业人才。结合地方特色食品生产工艺流程特点，开展继续教育和职业培训，形成具有丰富实践经验的高素质技能型人才队伍。鼓励企业与高校联合开展企业家研修培训，培育具备研发设计、生产制造、市场营销等多方面能力的现代企业管理人才。

 

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工业和信息化部

?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0; ?#xa0;国家发展和改革委员会

科学技术部

财政部

生态环境部

交通运输部

农业农村部

商务部

文化和旅游部

国家市场监督管理总局

中国银行保险监督管理委员会

 

2023年3月16日

Image source: the idea of the worm

During the global COVID-19 epidemic, the e-commerce market in almost all European countries showed a very significant growth trend. Although the epidemic situation in Europe has been obviously controlled and offline physical commerce has picked up, with the impact of another wave of epidemic outbreaks after winter, many places in Europe have been blocked again, and the level of physical shopping is still not optimistic.

How can we target customers? This requires you to have a certain understanding of the characteristics of overseas customers and the development of overseas e-commerce, and on this basis, master the way to search for overseas target customers. Next, let’s take stock of the e-commerce market trends in various countries around the world.

I. Russia

Market overview:

The characteristics of Russian Internet are: late start, rapid development, and large age span of net names. Russian netizens are mainly distributed in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Due to the lack of large clothing stores and incomplete clothing models, the online purchasing power of medium-sized cities is relatively high. Female users account for 60%, mostly aged from 25 to 38. They buy a variety of goods, among which clothing and shoes are more popular.

Demand characteristics:

The temperature difference is large and it is cold in winter. Commodities such as hats, gloves, scarves, long fur coats and short fur coats are necessities of life.

Russians love sports, and sports are an indispensable part of life, which leads to the hot sale of sports goods.

Be infatuated with holidays. The beach is the first choice for Russians to spend their holidays, so the articles needed for beach holidays, such as swimsuits and sandals, are selling well.

Russians are tall, and there is a great demand for large-size clothes.

Price accounts for a large proportion in Russian online shopping decisions, and the price factor is very important. The quality and brand of goods are equally important to them.

Second, Brazil

Market overview:

Brazil is an emerging market for cross-border e-commerce competition, mainly due to its good e-commerce infrastructure, rapid development of logistics and payment platforms, and its vast territory. In recent years, the Brazilian government has made great efforts to build e-commerce infrastructure, which has accelerated the development of e-commerce.

Demand characteristics:

Characteristics of buyers: The buyers in Brazil are basically white-collar workers, aged 25-36, with college education or above, medium English level and 3-4 years of cross-border online shopping experience.

Demand preference: For Brazilian buyers, cheap price and fashionable style are the most important. Category preference is clothing, accessories, shoes and bags, beauty products, toys and 3C accessories.

Style preference: Brazilian buyers love American country style and simple style, like tight-fitting and figure-showing clothes, and like exaggerated and colorful accessories. They pursue the texture of goods, and sellers should pay attention to the effect of pictures.

III. Spain

Market overview:

Whether it is domestic e-commerce or cross-border electronic commerce, Spain is the most potential country in Europe. Spanish consumers are more inclined to shop online than in physical stores. More than half of Spanish online consumers have the experience of shopping from foreign online stores, making Spain a profitable cross-border e-commerce market.

Demand characteristics:

Characteristics of the buying crowd. The ratio of male to female buyers in Spain is average, and the age of buyers is concentrated between 16 and 34 years old, mainly students and office workers. Spanish buyers do not have a very high ability to pay, so they are more concerned about the price of goods.

Shopping habits. Most Spanish buyers are used to browsing and shopping on their desktops, and they mostly buy goods through keyword search. Before buying, they will compare the prices of the whole station and refer to the favorable comments.

Special needs. In selling goods in Spain, sellers must attach a size table to clothes and other goods in addition to complete sizes.

Fourth, France

Market overview:

France is a big trading country in the world, and its total import and export volume ranks fifth in the world. At the beginning of 2016, the growth rate of total e-commerce sales was 10 times that of French business as a whole. Since 2015, the number of people using mobile phones to shop online in France has increased rapidly. Now, 72% of the goods sold by e-commerce are sold through mobile terminals.

Demand characteristics:

Time of purchase. Because of Christmas, November and December are the hottest months for e-commerce sales. Usually, 63% of the French will shop online during this period.

Demand category. Due to the relatively developed tourism industry in France, what the French buys most online are tourism, services, culture and clothing.

Purchase interface preferences. The product details page should pay attention to the richness of the pictures in addition to the French copy in the pictures.

V. Britain

Market overview:

The British government has always supported the development of e-commerce, so British e-commerce is in the leading position in European and American countries. Britain, Germany and France are the most popular import destinations for cross-border electronic commerce in Europe. Such a good development trend of e-commerce in the UK is due to the increase in the Internet access rate of the British public and the improvement of Internet access conditions. In terms of the price and choice of Internet access services, the UK is more competitive than most other European countries.

Demand characteristics:

Price. British consumers will spend a lot of time comparing the same type of goods. In most cases, the price of goods is the decisive factor in their marketing purchase behavior.

Demand preference. With the acceleration of product updating, social media and fashion shows can always trigger fashion trends and product demand. At the same time, members of the British royal family also play a significant role in promoting the sales of fashion goods.

Sixth, the United States

Market overview:

The United States is the earliest and fastest developing country of e-commerce in the world, and its e-commerce application field and development scale are ahead of other countries. The United States has the largest number of large-scale e-commerce platforms in the world, and the user activity of the platforms is also the highest in the world. The main reason is that the good infrastructure and sufficient consumer groups in the United States make the online B2C sales in the United States show a steady upward trend. The United States has a strong Internet economy, more individuals are willing to integrate into this economic system, and local netizens have a very strong sense of sharing and innovation, so the sales of C2C are also increasing year by year.

Demand characteristics:

Consumption habits. Americans basically don’t save money and like to overdraw.

Living habits. Americans live in the present, enjoy life and pay attention to spiritual consumption, such as exercise, fitness, health preservation, tourism and nutrition. Americans will spend a lot of money on fitness, outdoor sports, health care and nutrition. Therefore, the market of fitness products and outdoor products in the United States is hot, and key products are selling well. This is closely related to the living habits of Americans.

Brand demand. Americans attach great importance to brands. Americans believe that brands are the guarantee of quality. They would rather choose high-priced brands than cheap goods without brands. Packaging occupies a large proportion in the hearts of Americans. In their eyes, the quality of packaging and goods is equal. Good goods must have good packaging, otherwise there will be a gap in their shopping experience.

VII. Germany

Market overview:

Germany is the fifth largest e-commerce market in the world and the second largest e-commerce market in Europe. Its Internet penetration rate (93%), the proportion of online shopping consumers (83%) and the average online shopping expenditure (1355) are higher than the European average. Whether it is the number of online buyers or the average annual cost of each buyer, Germany’s ranking is higher than the European average. Its market features mainly include: broad market growth, high consumption level, supporting force, perfect logistics system guarantee experience, customers’ pursuit of quality and high profit rate.

Demand characteristics:

Germans prefer German websites and bank transfers;

Germans prefer German websites and bank transfers: fashion and clothing, electronic products and books are in great demand.

German consumers are keen on online shopping, ranking first in consumer preference with convenient door-to-door service, followed by 24-hour shopping, more convenient online shopping, lower online shopping price, wider choice of online shopping products, easier comparison of goods and smoother online shopping process.

Germans are not impulsive in shopping, and the proportion of consumers who miss physical stores is low.

Eight, Japan

Market overview:

Japan is the third largest economy in the world and the fourth largest e-commerce market. Thanks to the high network coverage in Japan, mobile shopping has become the mainstream. Although it started late in the field of cross-border e-commerce, it has the characteristics of rapid development, high maturity and strong systematization, and has gradually become an important cross-border e-commerce market. Its good development trend has had a profound impact on the surrounding pattern. Moreover, as a world economic power, Japan has undoubtedly become a huge potential consumer market.

Demand characteristics:

High brand loyalty, attention to detail quality;

The network coverage is very high, and mobile phone shopping has become the mainstream;

The purchase behavior is influenced by the season and weather environment (such as rain boots, raincoats, earthquake-proof products);

Enthusiastic about western festivals;

I like to participate in holiday promotion activities.

Preference characteristics:

Toys, hobbies and DIY products;

Furniture and household appliances;

Food and personal care;

Electronic products and media products;

Fashion supplies

(Source: Bean Packet Cross-border Digital Finance)

The above content belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hugo’s cross-border position! This article is reproduced with the authorization of the original author, and it needs the authorization and consent of the original author. ?

　　On March 29, 2023, local time, Ukrainian soldiers stood in front of a tank in the Donetsk region. Vision china diagram

　　Senior US government officials revealed that confidential documents about NATO and the United States assisting Ukraine in preparing for war were leaked and appeared on social platforms this week. The Pentagon is investigating this.

　　According to a report by The New York Times on April 6, these leaked documents detailed a secret plan of the United States and NATO, which planned to help Ukraine prepare for the spring counterattack against Russian troops. The leaked documents appeared on social platforms such as Twitter and Telegram. Telegram is a social platform widely used in Russia.

　　The report quoted military analysts as saying that some parts of the leaked documents seem to have been revised, exaggerating the US estimate of the number of Ukrainian people killed in the conflict and reducing the estimate of the number of Russian people killed. Although there are traces of revision, the document still discloses information about weapons delivery, troop setting, strength, action plan and so on.

　　Officials of the US President Biden’s government tried to delete these leaked information from the Internet, but as of the evening of April 6, local time, it was still unsuccessful.

　　The New York Times said that the leaked documents did not provide a specific operational plan. Besides, these documents have been out of date for five weeks. However, these documents can provide analysis materials for military personnel.

　　According to Reuters’s report on April 7, Ukrainian government officials said that the leaked documents were "false intelligence actions" by the Russian side, aiming at "spreading doubts" about Ukraine’s counter-offensive plan.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shenyang, August 7th Title: Building the "lifeline" of the people — — On-the-spot record of Liaoning’s fight against the rare torrential rain in history

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　When the sun shines on the earth again, people hit by torrential rain begin to clean the flooded courtyard, look at the flooded farmland and rebuild their new lives. On the severely damaged rural roads, the fleets, police cars and material supply vehicles of the pontoon bridge troops continue to advance to the key disaster areas … …

　　Since August, Chaoyang, Xiuyan in Anshan, Zhuanghe in Dalian, Yingkou and other places in Liaoning have been hit by torrential rains, and the rainfall in many places has exceeded the historical extreme. Faced with the huge waves, the party committees and governments at all levels in Liaoning Province, the officers and men of the armed police and the grassroots cadres and the masses have mobilized urgently and composed a generous and heroic song of the land of Liaoning.

　　Rainfall in many places exceeded the extreme value.

　　Affected by the remnants of Typhoon No.10, heavy rainfall occurred in Chaoyang, Huludao, Jinzhou and Fuxin in western Liaoning on the 2nd.

　　Late at night on the 2 nd. The building of Liaoning Flood Control and Drought Relief Command Center is brightly lit.

　　The responsible person of Liaoning provincial government led the members of the provincial flood control and drought relief headquarters to pay close attention to the rain and water conditions in various places. On the electronic big screen, satellite cloud pictures and precipitation statistics in various places are displayed in real time. Meteorologists analyze the trend of typhoon and rainfall on the spot. Through the communication system, the headquarters keeps in touch with the main leaders of the city’s defense finger in real time and dispatches on the spot.

　　The heavy rain came as scheduled, accompanied by a gust of 9, and some trees on the roadside were uprooted. According to the statistics of the meteorological department, from the evening of the 2nd to the afternoon of the 3rd, heavy rain fell in more than half of western Liaoning, and local heavy rain occurred. The single-day rainfall in Chaoyang City has exceeded the local historical extreme.

　　On the 3rd, the rainfall in western Liaoning basically ended. Typhoon Haitang has not yet receded, and typhoon Olu will affect Liaoning again. It is predicted that there will be heavy rain in Zhuanghe, Dalian, Xiuyan, Anshan and other places on the night of the 3rd, and local heavy rain will occur.

　　A flood is an order. That night, the Liaoning Provincial Defense Index dispatched and directed various places to urgently transfer people, and meteorological, land and other departments intensively issued the rainstorm and geological disaster warning … …

　　At 3 am on the 4th, the Chamber of Commerce of Liaoning Anti-Finger Association was in an emergency. On the electronic big screen, the rainfall histograms of the 25 towns with the largest rainfall in the province have all turned red. Since then, the rainfall has continued to climb in a straight line, and the rainfall in parts of Xiuyan, Zhuanghe and Gaizhou has reached the level of torrential rain.

　　According to the monitoring of the meteorological department, the maximum daily precipitation in Xiuyan is 317.3 mm, which breaks through the historical extreme; Zhuanghe has the largest rainfall since meteorological records were recorded in 1956.

　　Put people’s life safety first.

　　At 6 o’clock on the 4th, the main leaders of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government rushed to the Provincial Defense Command Center to hold a meeting on flood control and flood fighting. At the meeting, the person in charge of Anshan Municipal Committee asked for support: the torrential rain caused the road power of eight villages in Xiuyan to be interrupted, and three of them formed islands. The situation was grim, and troops and helicopters were requested for support!

　　"People’s life safety must be put in the first place!" After learning about this situation, the main leaders of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government immediately led a team to Xiuyan to guide flood control and disaster relief. On the morning of the same day, six helicopters and pontoon troops went to the hardest hit area to rescue the people trapped by the flood and get through the isolated island disaster relief channel.

　　Luquanzi Village in longtan town, a remote Manchu Autonomous County in Xiuyan, was once disconnected from the outside world for 12 hours in this catastrophic flood, and the safety of more than 3,200 people in 20 residential groups in the village touched the hearts of all walks of life. "Almost all the seven bridges that went out in the village were broken." Hu Yingquan, the village party secretary, recalled afterwards.

　　What Hu Yingquan didn’t expect was that after 17: 00 pm on the 4 th, public security, fire fighting and various rescue organizations successively entered the village.

　　Wang Dayong, chief of the training section of Xiuyan County Public Security Fire Brigade, said that at 15: 30 pm on the 4th, 50 fire officers and soldiers from Anshan and Panjin came to support them, carrying rescue equipment, and headed for Lujuanzi Village on foot. The road was interrupted and we had to walk through the cornfields. Fire officers and soldiers are connected by thick ropes in groups of 5, and move forward. "The mud is so deep that I can hardly pull my feet out, and I have encountered several rolling stones." Wang Dayong said that after more than five hours of trekking, the fire officers and soldiers came to the village branch of Luquanzi, which was already in the evening. After arriving at the village branch, they learned that the vast majority of villagers were safe, and there were still two more remote villagers’ groups that were not checked. The rescue team checked these two villagers’ groups overnight to ensure safety, and then withdrew from Lujuanzi Village the next day.

　　Before the rain, Dalian zhuanghe city conducted a thorough investigation on reservoirs, offshore operations, key areas prone to mountain torrents, mudslides and geological disasters, dangerous sections of rivers and various water conservancy projects, closed nine tourist attractions in the city, arranged special personnel to be responsible for the elderly, the sick, the five-guarantee households and the low-guarantee households, and strictly guarded the weak links such as seawalls and moisture-proof dikes to ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.

　　If the flood does not recede, the cadres will not withdraw.

　　According to preliminary statistics, the torrential rain affected 358,000 people in Xiuyan County and 25,000 people in zhuanghe city. The province has transferred and resettled more than 150,000 people.

　　It is better to believe in it than to believe in it; It’s better to believe it’s big than it’s small. This is the principle repeatedly emphasized by Liaoning before this torrential rain. Governments at all levels have built the "lifeline" of the people with responsibility and responsibility.

　　"2-3 days before the rainstorm, all the notices on TV, SMS and WeChat were about to rain heavily. Until the rainstorm, the big speakers in the village kept broadcasting to let us transfer." Wang Shaomin, a 40-year-old villager, said, "On the evening of the 3rd, the village went to the village branch to take shelter from the rain." He recalled that he simply cleaned up and went to the village branch to take shelter.

　　In the early morning of the 4 th, the pouring rain kept falling. "God seems to have missed it." Then, he heard the rumble of mountain torrents. "Fortunately, I came out from home early." Wang Minmin said with emotion.

　　According to the unified arrangements of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, before the flood, all cadres at the county level sank to the front line to guide flood fighting and disaster relief. Zhou Hui, secretary of the Disciplinary Committee of Xiuyan County, said: "We demand that all cadres who go to the grassroots level will not retreat from the flood, and the cadres will not withdraw. At present, we must resolutely protect the lives of the people." (Reporter Feng Lei, Sun Renbin, Zou Mingzhong, Zhang Yifei, Cai Yongjun)

　　● "Whether newspapers can read or not mainly depends on supplements", and "reading or not" refers to the cultural characteristics of supplements.

　　In the era of rapid development, supplements can’t cater to and kitsch. On the contrary, they must be responsible, responsible and conscientious.

　　● The cultural consciousness of supplement lies in providing a broad stage for people to publish excellent works and offering elegant and high-quality spiritual food for readers. Cultural self-confidence lies in inheriting excellent quality and rejuvenating creativity.

　　At present, we are not very familiar with the characteristics, discourse system and language style of network communication, and the law of network communication needs to be further understood, but we must learn to borrow from the network.

　　　　　　

　　Supplement is an important part of newspaper. In order to enhance the communication power and influence of newspapers, supplements must consciously shoulder the heavy responsibility of promoting advanced culture, spreading knowledge and enlightening thoughts. In recent years, due to many reasons, readers and authors of supplements have lost more: the diversity of cultural choices, the exclusive newspaper and the eye-catching scenery of supplements are no longer; Literature has lost its social sensational effect, and people’s enthusiasm for literature and attention to supplements have decreased; The core readers are getting older, and the supplement is still not attractive to young readers; The ranks of authors are shrinking. Due to the fierce competition in the media, the publishing threshold is lowered, and the author resources are constantly divided.

　　The rapid rise of new media, such as the Internet, and its unique characteristics of immediacy, mass and strong interaction have also brought pressure to traditional print media. As a supplement with a long history, it is also inevitably impacted. Facing the changes in the mode of public opinion production and communication, and the changes in readers’ reading habits, the supplement bears the heavy responsibility of nourishing the soul and rallying strength. How to better play the role of spreading the spiritual value and spiritual pursuit of Chinese culture requires further clarification of ideas, a clear understanding of advantages, self-confidence and in-depth thinking.

　　Pay attention to news, jump out of news and highlight cultural characteristics.

　　The supplement has a history of more than 100 years since its publication. Although the supplement is the supplement and extension of the news magazine, since the founding of New China, the supplement has always kept pace with the society and the times, closely linked with the new life, and has a strong sense of the times and a fresh breath of life, which is deeply loved by readers.

　　In the traditional sense, supplements are mostly pure literary supplements. In recent years, in order to meet the increasing multicultural needs of readers and expand their communication power and influence, after a relatively large reform and adjustment-from literature to art to cultural field, the content of supplements has become wider and wider, and the forms have become more flexible and diverse. As far as People’s Daily is concerned, in addition to literary supplements, there are also supplements such as art, collection, reading and in-depth research, which further enhances its news, richness and readability. This is the adjustment and response made by newspaper supplements in the face of the rapid development situation, which reflects the trend of newspapers from focusing on the advantages of hard news to focusing on the advantages of soft news at the same time.

　　Of course, this adjustment also means that the newspaper has changed from focusing on the quality characteristics of the supplement to focusing on the combination characteristics of the new and the new. The so-called combination of literature and innovation is to embody both the characteristics of newsprint and the characteristics of "culture" On the one hand, close to reality, close to life, close to the masses, pay attention to major news events, major theme propaganda and social hotspots, and highlight the theme of the times; On the other hand, the theme that readers care about is expressed in the form of literature and art, which conforms to the characteristics of the supplement, so that readers can gain a deep understanding from the corresponding literary works, that is, follow the news and jump out of the news.

　　There is also a key sign of jumping out of the news, that is, fully embodying the profound humanistic spirit and cultural character of the supplement and maintaining independent reading and aesthetic value. The important characteristics of supplement are cultural, nourishing and rich. It shows the style of newspaper in the profundity of thought, condenses poetry and painting in the surging life, conveys the power of culture in the publicity of historical rationality and humanistic value, and makes the supplement works stand up to chewing. This is a must for the supplement to "moisten things silently". Zhao Chaogou, a famous newspaper reporter, said: "News is the soul of a newspaper, and the supplement is the face of the newspaper. Whether a newspaper can stand or not depends mainly on the supplement." Here, "enduring" refers to the cultural characteristics of the supplement itself.

　　Closely obeying the overall situation of national construction, cooperating with major theme propaganda, paying attention to social hotspots and focal points, complementing the content and form with newspaper news through literary and artistic works with individuality, and taking into account the realistic concern and literary characteristics, have become the remarkable characteristics of newspaper supplements, and are also the new reading growth points of newspapers in recent years.

　　Adhere to character, lead value, and reflect spiritual height.

　　Adhering to character means carrying forward mainstream values, inheriting the essence of culture and reflecting the height, thickness and temperature of the times. The responsibility of the supplement is to publicize and explain the party’s literary principles and policies, to unite the common ideals of society and establish a good moral style, to spread advanced culture and to guide the healthy development of culture. Under the current situation, it is necessary to strive to carry forward the deepest cultural soft power of the Chinese nation and spread the deepest spiritual pursuit accumulated in Chinese culture. Only by adhering to the organic unity of value guidance and cultural character, inspiring people with excellent works and shaping people with noble spirit can newspaper supplements enlighten readers deeply.

　　Nowadays, China has entered a period of social transformation and reform, and profound changes have taken place in the world, the country, the party, the people and the public opinion. The cultural environment in which we live is more complicated, and the construction of a cultural "soft environment" is particularly urgent. Supplement is a mirror of social culture, observing the social life at all stages and levels, and is a benchmark in the process of social and cultural development. At this time, the supplement should more consciously adhere to the correct direction of public opinion, pay extensive attention to the complex reality of social transformation, strive to grasp the cultural life and inner world of contemporary people, produce more excellent works, enrich people’s spiritual and cultural life, and refine the cultural depth and spiritual height for the society with its profound ideological, unique artistic and unique aesthetic functions.

　　At present, it is also an era of rapid development. The material temptations are increasing, and people’s hearts are easy to float. Coupled with the popularity of fast food culture, the fragmented dissemination of information and the uproar in the network public opinion space, it is of great significance to build a spiritual home and stick to the supplement. A writer said that when society is confused, supplements should stay awake; When society is too utilitarian, supplements should give more dreams to life. This dream is ideal belief. Supplements can’t cater to and flatter the vulgar, especially in the historical process of building a socialist cultural power and realizing the great Chinese dream of the Chinese nation. Supplements must be responsible, responsible and conscientious, and show social integrity and transmit positive energy with works that combine ideological and literary features. The sincere and artistic expression and lofty spirit of the supplement have far-reaching significance.

　　Give full play to your advantages, feel confident, and constantly bravely surpass them.

　　In the final analysis, the advantages of newspaper supplements are the advantages of orientation, brand, humanistic connotation, and the advantages of a fixed readership cultivated all the year round. At the same time, they also have their own unique advantages: fast and slow, dynamic and static, specialized and miscellaneous … Although they are attached to newsprint, they do not correspond to news events one by one, so they can not be rigidly expressed objectively and directly, thus showing the depth and temperature of words and inheriting the works more. Therefore, the works of the supplement are not necessarily the latest, but they can be the most elegant; Not necessarily the fastest, but you can pursue the deepest; It may not be the most eye-catching, but it can appeal to both refined and popular tastes and make people remember it deeply. Its another interpretation of news events, its professional cultural stance on key issues, its rich nourishment for the people of the world, and its lasting refreshing cultural fragrance.

　　Only by recognizing the advantages can we have full consciousness and self-confidence. Mr. Fei Xiaotong pointed out that cultural consciousness means that people living in a certain cultural and historical circle have self-knowledge of their culture and have a full understanding of its development process and future. In this sense, cultural consciousness is actually the awakening, mission and responsibility of culture, and cultural self-confidence is the inheritance, development and transcendence of culture. As far as newspaper supplements are concerned, cultural consciousness lies in providing a broad stage for people to publish excellent works and offering elegant and beautiful spiritual food for readers; Cultural self-confidence lies in inheriting excellent quality and rejuvenating creativity. Supplement is an important part of China’s cultural construction, and it should be the defender, creator and disseminator of advanced culture. Cultural self-confidence will bring more development opportunities for supplements with unique advantages. While many newspaper supplements are shrinking, there are still many newspaper supplements that have remained unchanged for more than half a century, and they are constantly developing and exploring from subject matter to genre, from planning to column, from works to authors. This growing confidence comes from the recognition and inheritance of excellent cultural connotations on the basis of cultural consciousness, and it is a brave transcendence of the inherent way on the basis of cultural consciousness.

　　Innovate ideas, broaden horizons and leverage new media.

　　In order to keep up with the development of the times, the supplement should adhere to the innovation of ideas and means, broaden its horizons and be close to the forefront of cultural development. On the basis of maintaining traditional characteristics, supplements should further expand the scope of content, increase service, practicality and interest, and extend the perspective to a wider field; Strengthen planning, improve writing style, create fine products and strengthen brands; At the same time, it innovates the layout form, integrates aesthetic and fashion elements, highlights the flavor of the times, and makes static words full of movement and interest. If content is an inevitable requirement to retain readers, layout innovation is an important means to win readers.

　　Innovation must also learn to borrow from new media. At present, new media are constantly joining the news communication camp, from portals to search engines, taking advantage of the news productivity of traditional media. Supplement innovation should also learn to enhance its competitiveness with the help of the network: it can join hands with the network to promote the second and multiple dissemination of excellent works of supplements on the Internet, effectively expanding the readership and authors; The network’s attention to cultural hotspots and literary thoughts can be introduced into the innovation process of supplements, and readers’ needs can be understood through interaction with readers; Pay attention to the excellent works and authors on the internet, carefully screen, process and verify, turn network resources into supplement resources, and cultivate a group of young audiences for newspapers. At present, we are not very familiar with the characteristics, discourse system and language style of network communication, and the law of network communication needs to be further understood, but we must learn to borrow from the network as soon as possible.

　　Recognizing the advantages, defining the responsibilities and facing up to the shortcomings will help the supplement to find a correct position in the multi-culture and make a response. In today’s homogeneous newspaper news, supplement is an important embodiment of heterogeneity. When the advantage of news is weakened, news changes from fresh to fragile, but supplements may become durable goods and collectibles because of the ideological depth and cultural height of their words. At a time when the weather is myriad, the flowers are dazzling, and the new media seems to occupy many advantages, the supplement is firm, solid, rich, vivid, exquisite and elegant, which will provide people with more opportunities to nourish their body and mind and calmly think, and provide a pure land for one side to put their hearts. Supplement will be promising in the new century of cultural prosperity and development.　

　　People’s Daily (24th edition, November 29th, 2013)

Lacquerware is an important invention in chemical technology and arts and crafts in ancient China. Since the Neolithic Age, ancestors have known the performance of lacquer and used it to make utensils. Huizhou was famous for its lacquerware as early as the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, Huizhou’s fine inlaid Luodian lacquerware was famous all over the country, and it was known as "Song inlaid". Huizhou is rich in lacquer trees. Huizhou lacquerware is made of natural raw lacquer as the main raw material, mixed with turquoise, cinnabar, coral, blue veins and cinnabar, etc., and is called "pineapple lacquerware" in ancient times. Pineapple lacquerware is the highest level representative of Huizhou lacquerware technology. However, this excellent traditional craft is also facing loss.

Gan Keke was born in Huang Shanren, Anhui Province in 1955. Willing to understand painting, good at carpentry, carving and fine design, lacquer art follows pure traditional techniques. After nearly 30 years of continuous exploration, innovation and practice, he revived the traditional Huizhou lacquering techniques "pineapple lacquer" (also known as rhinoceros skin lacquer) and "lacquered sand inkstone", which were on the verge of extinction, and revived their vitality, so he was named as the national inheritor of Huizhou lacquering techniques.

Gan Keke has perfected Huizhou lacquerware. His round box of "pineapple lacquer" is one of the four works of modern people collected by the Palace Museum in China. But he always said to people, "I am an old painter." "Historical Records" says that "the middle of the day will move, and the full moon will lose money." I am willing to say, "If I don’t be the first, I will be the old Huizhou lacquer. Nothing is perfect. The first is too perfect, and perfect things can’t be done." Gan said this, but he didn’t do it. He has reached the peak of Huizhou lacquerware.

Gan Keke began to learn carpentry after graduating from junior high school, and also studied painting and sculpture. Later, he made wooden models in Tunxi Log Club. Ten years of woodworking experience laid a solid foundation for his design and sculpture. In 1979, only 24-year-old Gan Erke entered Tunxi Lacquerware Craft Factory in Anhui Province, and first studied sculpture with the old artists in the factory. Because of his intelligence, high understanding, and good artistic skills, he made great progress in carving art. The next year, the factory sent him to Shanghai Arts and Crafts No.6 Factory to learn lacquer carving technology.

After returning from his studies in Shanghai, Gan Keke was promoted as the workshop director of the lacquer carving workshop. During this period, he had the opportunity to get in touch with Yu Jinhai, a lacquerware artist in Tunxi who was known as the "national hand of Chu lacquer" at that time. Because he likes diamonds and can bear hardships, most of Yu Jinhai’s lacquerware works are carved by him, and gradually he has mastered the essentials of lacquerware making.

In 1985, Gan Keke was transferred to Tunxi Arts and Crafts Institute, where he began to contact bodiless lacquerware. Ordinary lacquerware is made of wood, leather, metal, etc., and then painted with raw lacquer, while bodiless lacquerware is made of clay, gypsum, etc., and the carcass is removed after painted with raw lacquer, so bodiless lacquerware is more difficult and the process is more complicated. In Tunxi Arts and Crafts Institute, there are more people who are willing to contact, and their horizons are broader. From design, sculpture, production to lighting, he has integrated various techniques of lacquer making and laid a solid foundation.

In order to better inherit Huizhou lacquer craft, Gan Keke took seven students. Now they have been able to operate independently and use various lacquer making techniques flexibly, which can help Gan Keke make lacquerware, but even so, they can only make a dozen or twenty pieces a year. Although some people advised him to take advantage of the good market, he didn’t have to do it himself, and processed a batch and put it on the market. But he is willing to say: "Although money is good, but the mentality can’t be chaotic, people will be reflected in their works when they are impetuous. All my things must be excellent, and they must be kept and passed on. There are many kinds of traditional lacquer crafts in Huizhou. I want to calm down and restore them. I want people to see the brilliance of Huizhou lacquerware again through my hands. "

Ganerke has always been rooted in the tradition of lacquer art in China, and its raw materials and technology adhere to the ancient principles of making natural lacquer. Explore the greatest possibility of deepening the development of fine and elegant lacquer art technology, and push the deep essence of China lacquer art field and the representatives of rhinoceros skin paint, push-gloss paint, lacquer sand inkstone and fine lacquer surface decoration with emblem characteristics to a new height of inheriting tradition in China.

Gan Keke likes to put his philosophy of life into the process of making lacquerware, which proves each other, which makes his daily manual work seem to have a taste of self-meditation. He takes a fancy to the "degree" of doing things and being a man, and also to the creed of "being gentle as jade". In the eyes of people around him, the sweetness of life is extremely strict with the requirements of craftsmanship without any relaxation. However, he has always been gentle, moderate in words and deeds, not angry with others and rarely anxious. It is quite a gentleman’s wind-polishing his own temperament is just like polishing a beloved lacquer.

　　The picture shows that during the assembled building vocational skills competition in Anhui Province last year, the contestants held a practical competition in the assembled building industrial base in Jin Peng, Nanqiao District, Chuzhou City.

　　Photo by Ji Chengjun (People’s Vision)

　　Beijing, 8 Feb (Reporter Liao Ruiling) The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development recently issued the Construction Industry Development Plan during the 14th Five-Year Plan (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), proposing that by 2025, prefabricated buildings will account for more than 30% of new buildings; The discharge of construction waste on the construction site of new buildings will be controlled below 300 tons per 10,000 square meters, the market mechanism for the treatment and reuse of construction waste will be initially formed, and a number of green construction demonstration projects will be built.

　　In recent years, the role of the construction industry as a pillar industry of the national economy has been continuously enhanced. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the reform and development of China’s construction industry achieved remarkable results. The added value of the national construction industry increased by 5.1% annually, accounting for more than 6.9% of GDP. In 2020, the total output value of the national construction industry will reach 26.39 trillion yuan, with an added value of 7.2 trillion yuan, accounting for 7.1% of the GDP, with a housing construction area of 14.947 billion square meters and 53.66 million employees in the construction industry. However, while making achievements, there are still problems of low development quality and efficiency in the construction industry, which are mainly manifested in extensive development mode, low labor productivity, high energy consumption and high emissions, and irregular market order.

　　In order to further promote the transformation and development of the construction industry, the Plan puts forward the main tasks such as accelerating the coordinated development of intelligent construction and new building industrialization, improving the operation mechanism of the construction market, improving the organization mode of engineering construction, cultivating the workers in the construction industry, improving the engineering quality and safety guarantee system, steadily improving the earthquake resistance and disaster prevention ability of the project, and accelerating the pace of "going out" of the construction industry.

　　It is mentioned that the application of prefabricated buildings should be vigorously promoted, the construction of high-quality steel structure residential buildings should be actively promoted, and public buildings such as schools and hospitals should be encouraged to give priority to the use of steel structures. Cultivate a number of prefabricated building production bases. Encourage construction companies, Internet companies and research institutes to cooperate and strengthen the integration and application of next-generation information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and blockchain in the construction field.

　　According to the Plan, by 2025, a high-quality development system framework for the construction industry will be initially formed. The industrialization, digitalization and intelligence of buildings have been greatly improved, and the green transformation of construction methods has achieved remarkable results, accelerating the transformation of the construction industry from large to strong, providing strong support for forming a strong domestic market and building a new development pattern.

Original Xiao yin yin ke aesthetics

The last high-speed traffic jam was that everyone rushed home for the Spring Festival. These days, the high-speed traffic jam is the end of the Spring Festival holiday, and everyone has to return to their jobs and normal life.

Same journey, different moods and destinations …

Looking back at this year’s Spring Festival, some people say that the taste of the year is less, and some people say that it has not been so lively for a long time. The feelings brought by the customs of different places are also very different.

One side of the soil and water support one side of the people. Different regions have different cultural customs and humanistic lives, and naturally there will be some unique exotic customs.

The Spring Festival has to be celebrated twice?

In Putian, Fujian, people have to watch the New Year around the stove twice, and children can set off firecrackers twice. Couplers who stick Spring Festival couplets will leave a white border of six to ten centimeters on the red paper, which is called white-fronted Spring Festival couplets.

From the 16th day of the twelfth lunar month to the second day of February, the Chinese New Year lasts for 46 days, which is really envied by many people compared with our seven-day Spring Festival.

But there is a painful history behind it. During the Jiaqing period, the Japanese invaders invaded Putian, Fujian, and occupied it for a long time. It was not until Qi Jiguang led the army to Putian and carried out repeated encirclement and suppression of the enemy that Putian was able to restore calm.

But when people hiding in the mountains come home, they can only see their relatives everywhere.

Since the war took place around the Spring Festival, Putian people never had a chance to celebrate the New Year, so people agreed to set the second day of the first month as the day to visit relatives and friends.

To this day, Putian people don’t visit relatives on the second day, but people decide to make up for the New Year on the fourth day, which is also called "being older".

Make an exception for "men and women bathing together" in the New Year?

On the second day of the New Year’s Day, Lisu people living in Sanxiang and Wuling will gather at the hot springs of Nujiang Grand Canyon with their families, meals and cooking utensils, and hold a grand party here-spring bath.

They often stay here for three to five days and bathe seven or eight times a day to wash away diseases, disasters and bad luck in this way.

Because naked, men, women and children are not shy about the natural bathing method, which is called "bathing paradise" by local people.

It is said that this has a history of more than 100 years. They regard this "spring bath" as a civilized, hygienic and holy behavior. Men and women respect each other and help each other between the old and the young. This is simply a harmonious picture of beauty.

Firecrackers should be hung around your neck?

In some rural areas of Shaanxi, children should be given a "jujube card" during the Spring Festival.

"Jujube brand" is to put on red dates and straw stalks with red lines, hang a copper coin on them, and hang firecrackers on the children’s backs. This is a mascot for avoiding evil spirits and blessing.

Some people will put on a "thimble" for needlework with red thread and hang it around the child’s neck, which is also called "thimble for increasing the age" for good luck. Add one every year until you are twelve.

Never talk at dinner on New Year’s Eve.

In some areas of Shanxi, people can’t talk when eating New Year’s Eve dinner, which is really the welfare of young people!

Even if the elders come to ask you if you are seeing someone? How many points did you get in the exam? How much money can you earn in a month? You have every reason not to answer these questions.

Because there is a stress that the God of Wealth comes in at 30 nights. If the house is too noisy when the God of Wealth comes in, the God of Wealth will scare away.

There is also a simple reason behind this custom. In the past, life was hard, and there was not much money to buy delicious food at home. I finally caught a big meal. What to say? Eat it quickly ~

Is there so much stress about keeping warm?

Mongolians worship fire, Vulcan and Kitchen God.

Generally, the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is the day when Mongolians offer sacrifices to Vulcan.

On New Year’s Eve, we should also offer sacrifices to the stove, make sacrifices, cook rice, and make sacrifices on the carpet.

They think that fire, Vulcan and Kitchen God are holy things and gods to ward off evil spirits. Therefore, after entering the yurt, they are forbidden to roast their feet on the stove, not to wet their shoes by the stove, not to cross the stove and pedal the stove, not to knock a cigarette bag, throw things, throw dirty things on the stove, and not to pick a fire with a knife or take meat from the pot.

Some people like to eat melon seeds by the brazier in their hometown during the New Year. When they get to the yurt, they should pay great attention! Don’t throw the melon seeds into it conveniently ~

Hui people don’t celebrate the Spring Festival?

In some inhabited areas, the Hui people simply don’t celebrate the Spring Festival. Their Spring Festival is to reunite with relatives and friends at the end of the year and not to set off firecrackers to celebrate the New Year.

The time for the Hui people to celebrate the Spring Festival is different from that of the Han people. They decide the date of the Spring Festival according to the taught calendar. The Spring Festival of the Hui people is a few days or later after the Spring Festival of the Han people.

During the Spring Festival, Hui people will hold a series of religious ceremonies and prayers to express their respect for God and pray for peace and happiness in the coming year.

Celebrate the New Year in a bullfight?

The Miao people’s annual festival is the Spring Festival after the autumn harvest, and they hold a "bullfighting competition".

"Bullfighting" is commonly known as herding cattle to fight.

Generally speaking, the Miao "Bullfighting" is held on the fifth, fifteenth and twenty-fifth days of the first month of each year, and the harvest of the year is celebrated in the New Year.

In the bullring, a sea of people, they cheered and the atmosphere was very warm. After the game, while drinking, people stepped on the drums and danced with the rhythm of Lusheng.

Spring Festival "Walking the Immortal"

There are many immortals worshiped and sacrificed in Chinese during the Chinese New Year, but each place has its own "exclusive worship".

In some places in Zhejiang and Sichuan, there is a custom of going out for a walk on the morning of the first day of the first month of the first month, which is called "going to be happy with God".

Parents know the orientation of welcoming XiShen from the new almanac in advance, so they walk in this direction with their families, so as to seek XiShen’s blessing and good luck.

Lu Xun also recorded this famous and vulgar activity in Wandering: "When you go out, you must first take a happy side and welcome good luck".

Yangge version of the national dance

In Fenyang, Shanxi, "Diyangge" is one of the indispensable Spring Festival programs.

This form of yangko, which originated in the Tang Dynasty, can be divided into "martial field yangko" with dance as the main part and "literary field yangko" with singing as the main part.

The first "Wugang Yangko" actor has a unique shape, and the dance movements are evolved from martial arts movements and potential methods. They are varied and rich in routines, mainly including opening large array, two dragons coming out of the water, snake peeling, garlic braid, single hook heart, cross flower, thirty-six consecutive hooks, two dragons and double lead, etc.

Then, the singer of the Yangko in the venue sang "Fenyang Keban Yangko". The songs were not accompanied by stringed instruments, no music cards, no boards and doors. The level of the tunes and the speed of the rhythm were all controlled by the singer, and most of the time they were improvised.

The old "Diyangko" just beat gongs and drums in a circle, which is called "Dao Yangko". Now it has developed into a cultural symbol with distinctive folk and local characteristics and is a national intangible cultural heritage.

Niu Niu cosplay

"Dancing the Spring Cattle" is a popular traditional cultural activity in the Zhuang area during the Spring Festival, which originated from the ancient cow totem worship, in order to pray for a bumper harvest in agriculture and the prosperity of people and animals.

When dancing the spring ox, they got into the specially made ox. The former supported the ox’s head, then bent down to arch the back and dance the ox’s body, making the ox plow the fields, and accompanied by beating gongs and drums, they would also sing "Congratulations Song", "Make the ox Song" and "Qingfeng Song".

In fact, many local customs are essentially people’s yearning and expectation for beauty. I hope everyone can live the life they want.

Author: twelve elder brothers

Editor: Ruolin

Original title: "10 wonderful Chinese New Year customs, shocking your chin"

Read the original text

　　Cctv newsSince former South Korean President park geun-hye was caught in the "cronies’ politics", many scandals during his administration have been constantly exposed. Recently, another "black material" was made public.

　　The park geun-hye administration has manipulated the issue of Samsung’s inheritance rights.

　　Yonhap News Agency and South Korean SBS TV reported that a newly published Cheongwadae document showed that the park geun-hye government had systematically manipulated the inheritance rights of Samsung Group. In the document, there was something like "When Wang Jian is here, when Fu Shizi is in the upper position", which is comparable to the lines of TV series.

　　It is reported that this document was made public by Lee Jae-jung, a member of the ruling Common Democratic Party of South Korea, and was formulated by the Secretary Office of Cheongwadae in the Presidential Palace of South Korea in July 2014. In this document,Lee Kun-hee, the head of Samsung Group, was compared to "Wang", and his son, Lee Jae-yong, vice president of Samsung Electronics, was compared to "Wang Shizi".. According to the document,"Now is the golden time for Samsung to solve the problem of inheritance of management rights.". According to the analysis, this shows thatThe South Korean government systematically manipulated the issue of Samsung’s succession.

　　"Lee Jae-yong’s ability needs to be verified."

　　The document also pointed out that "the succession of management rights is Samsung’s biggest unresolved issue at present, and the government can exert great influence." As for Lee Jae-yong’s business ability, the document evaluates it as "to be verified".

　　In May, 2014, Li Jianxi was taken to the hospital with acute myocardial infarction and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He has been hospitalized for more than three years. During this period, Li Jianxi was unable to participate in the business operation normally, and his eldest son, Lee Jae-yong, gradually became the actual power holder of Samsung Group.

　　Lee Jae-yong’s bribery case will be pronounced in the second instance and the sentence may be aggravated

　　Today (October 12), the Seoul High Court of South Korea will issue a second-instance verdict on Lee Jae-yong’s bribery case.. Earlier, in the first-instance judgment on August 25th, Lee Jae-yong was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment for bribery and other crimes.

　　According to South Korean media reports, Samsung and the special inspection team are in the second instance.The focus of the debate will still be whether Lee Jae-yong ever paid bribes to Cui Shunshi in exchange for park geun-hye’s support for him to gain control of Samsung Group.It is widely believed that although Samsung has made a lot of preparations, in the face of documents such as "helping the world to be superior",Lee Jae-yong is less likely to get a reduced sentence in the second instance, and his sentence may even be aggravated.

　　Extended detention of park geun-hye? A decision will be made this week

　　At present, park geun-hye’s case of "cronyism" is still under trial, and park geun-hye has always refused to plead guilty. On October 16th, park geun-hye’s six-month detention will expire.The Korean prosecutor has applied to extend the detention period for another six months.

　　The Korean prosecutor said that the case involved a wide range and it was impossible to complete the interrogation before park geun-hye’ s six-month detention expired; As a key figure in this case, park geun-hye denied all the allegations, and the prosecution needs to conduct further investigation.At present, park geun-hye’s lawyers’ groups have expressed their opposition to this.The Korean court revealed thatA decision on whether to extend park geun-hye’s detention will be made within this week.

　　Since June this year, park geun-hye’s case has been heard at a high density, reaching the rhythm of four times a week. However, due to the large number of witnesses, some of them refused to testify, and park geun-hye often refused to appear in court on the grounds of physical discomfort.There has been no major breakthrough in the trial of the case so far.

Top news list of IT House on April 16th, 2024:

Tucki store sales staff responded that P7 was reduced to 140,000 yuan for sale: it is a comprehensive subsidy price for 2023 models.

In view of the recent news that the price of Tucki P7 dropped to 140,900 yuan, the sales staff of Shenzhen 4S store in Xpeng Motors told reporters that the old P7 model (2023 586E model) can achieve 140,900 yuan after comprehensive subsidies, and its official guide price is 239,900 yuan.View details

Remove the words "Jianghuai Automobile" and replace the delivery of Weilai new car with a new tail tag.

Recently, some users posted the contents of Weilai’s car pick-up on social media. The picture shows that the new tail logo of Weilai Automobile has been changed from "Jianghuai Automobile" to "Weilai". This situation means that Weilai’s car-making qualification has been approved and the production line has been switched, and the products have been delivered in the name of Weilai.View details

Xiaomi 10 Series Mobile Phone Push 澎湃 OS Official Version Internal Test: New Fusion Device Center, Dynamic Language

Xiaomi 10 series has been pushed to 澎湃 OS one after another, the version number is 1.0.3.0.TJACNXM, and the installation package size is 4.1GB. There are four main updates:Bottom reconstruction, cross-end wisdom, global security, life aesthetics.View details

Huawei Smart Choice Xidesheng Smart Electric Power Bicycle is listed: HarmonyOS Zhilian, 4-mode switching, starting price is 6999 yuan.

The bicycle supports zero-delay power response, 4-mode switching, HarmonyOS Zhilian and independent networking positioning by adopting Pedal Boost stepping enhancement algorithm specially developed, and it is put on sale in 500 Xidesheng stores at the same time.View details

Huawei Pura 70 series mobile phone’s first sales version was exposed, but Pro model Lezhen version was absent.

The first sales model and version of Huawei Pura 70 series mobile phones were exposed, and the standard version and Pro+ version models were equipped with Lezhen version. At the same time, the news said "Pura70pro = Pura70; Pura 70= Pura 70E ",which implies that the whole configuration of Huawei Pura 70 series mobile phones will be" lowered ".View details

Bose sleep products quietly quit the mainland: high-priced headphones become e-waste overnight?

Bose sleep headset products withdrew from the China market in January this year. At present, Android, iOS and Bose official website have been unable to download the product’s supporting App, and there will be no more in the future. "The only service that the official can provide is to increase the price for purchase."View details

Zhiji Automobile: Never had any official endorsement cooperation with "Cat Cup"

Recently, a UP owner shared a video with the article "Cats sign a cup to speak for Zhiji car, and Zhiji does not take the usual way of traffic". In this regard, Zhiji Automobile responded.The rumor that Cat Cup signed a contract with Zhiji Automobile is false information, and there has never been any official endorsement cooperation with Cat Cup..View details

Android 15 native satellite communication UI exposure, you need to point the phone to the specific signal direction.

In the second developer preview version of Android 15 (Developer Preview 2), Google further expanded the support of satellite connection function in Android system, and will support the use of satellite connection to send and receive information.View details

Huawei × Chery, HarmonyOS Zhixing car Zhijie S7 set a total of more than 2,000 units in two days last weekend.

HarmonyOS Zhixing announced that the number of its first smart car, Zhijie S7, reached 2,079 on April 13th-14th. Huawei Yu Chengdong announced at the press conference on April 11th that Zhijie S7 started mass delivery.View details

Huawei Yu Chengdong responded when Pura 70 series mobile phones will be on sale: there will be good news in two days.

On April 15th, Huawei officially announced that the P series was upgraded to "Pura", and the Pura 70 series mobile phones were announced. Yu Chengdong, managing director of Huawei and CEO of terminal BG, told reporters that "Pura 70 can be regarded as P70, and there will be good news in two days.. "View details

BYD Yuan UP collectively delivered the car, and Wang Chuanfu personally delivered the keys and sent flowers to the owner.

BYD held a collective delivery ceremony of "Yuanqi Life Day UP" in Qingdao, Shandong Province. Wang Chuanfu, president of the group, came to the scene to deliver keys, flowers and autographed European Cup football to the owner of YUAN UP.View details

Space junk hit a Florida house, and NASA confirmed that it came from the International Space Station.

NASA officials said that the trays and batteries should have completely burned out in the earth’s atmosphere, but somehow there will still be residues, and the agency is working hard to find out why.View details

Jiyue Automobile: The employee who claimed to be "resigned for buying Xiaomi SU7" actually announced the competing products in his personal capacity and was absent from work.

According to WeChat official account, a "young man from Dachang", an explanation of the employee’s (Yao Moumou’s) related events was released internally.The reason for the termination of the labor contract is that Yao Moumou, as a staff member of the company’s user development-social media operation post, conducts full social media operation and long-term announcement for competing products in his personal capacity during working hours, and only announces X meters of vehicle-related content. In addition, he also has many unreasonable absenteeism behaviors.View details

Geely Yinhe E8 Longteng Edition is on the market, starting at 165,800 yuan.

Geely Galaxy E8 Longteng Edition goes on sale. The 620km four-wheel drive Longteng Edition adopts an 800V ultra-high voltage platform and a high-performance silicon carbide electric four-wheel drive, and the price is 215,800 yuan. The 550km two-wheel drive Longteng version uses a 400V platform and costs 165,800 yuan.View details

BYD Hunting Car Tengshi Z9GT Declaration Map Announced: Three-motor power, standard electric tail.

This new car has a low-lying hunting style and a family-style design on the front face. According to the application information, the length, width and height of Tengshi Z9GT model are 5180mm, 1990mm and 1500(1480)mm respectively, with a wheelbase of 3125mm and a maximum speed of 240km/h..View details

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced a new list of models to be released, including BYD Qin L, Seal 06 and Nezha S.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Catalogue of Vehicle Models for Saving Energy and Using New Energy (the sixty-first batch) to be published. BYD Qin L, BYD Seal 06, Nezha S and other models are listed, but the pure electric passenger car models are not published in the sixty-first batch.View details

The extended range version is 199,000 yuan/pure electric version is 239,000 yuan: Chery Xingjiyuan ET SUV officially opens for pre-sale.

Qi Ruixingtu held a pre-sale conference of Star Era ET in Beijing. Xingjiyuan ET is a medium-sized and large-scale super-smart SUV owned by Qiruixingtu. It is equipped with Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Shenxing rechargeable battery for the first time, with a super-charging power of 420KW, which claims to last for 50 kilometers in one minute.View details

SAIC Volkswagen’s new Passat Pro declaration map was announced, and the body length was over 5 meters.

According to the application information, the length, width and height of the new Passat Pro are 5006/1850/1489mm and the wheelbase is 2871mm respectively. This new car can be equipped with bumper, headlight, radiator grille, door handle, front camera, tail logo and so on.View details

Xiaomi 11/Pro/Ultra mobile phone pushes the official version of HyperOS based on Android 14 for internal testing.

Xiaomi 11/Pro/Ultra mobile phone has been pushed to the official version of Xiaomi’s HyperOS based on Android 14 operating system, the version number is 1.0.2.0.UKACNXM, and the installation package size is 5.3 GB.The updated content lies inBottom reconstruction, cross-end wisdom, global security, life aesthetics.View details

Domestic oil prices ushered in the fifth increase in 2024, and it will cost more 8 yuan to fill the 50-liter fuel tank.

According to the recent changes in oil prices in the international market and the current formation mechanism of refined oil prices, domestic gasoline and diesel prices have increased by 200 yuan and 195 yuan per ton respectively since 24: 00 on April 16th, 2024.According to the estimation of the 50-liter capacity of the fuel tank of a general family car, it will cost more 8 yuan to fill a box of 92 # gasoline.View details

A new generation of BMW X3 "official spy photos" appeared: the body was lengthened, which is expected to be released in the first half of the year.

The car is expected to debut in the near future and take the lead in listing in the North American market in October. The new car is still built on the CLAR platform, providing gasoline, diesel, plug-in and high-performance versions.View details

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In addition, there are many popular contents in the near future.Click on the blue belowWords can be viewed:

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