On the 8th, the national commendation meeting for fighting COVID-19 epidemic will be held in Beijing, and the Republic will pay tribute to the anti-epidemic fighters with the highest specifications!

　　Medical staff, community workers, people’s police, courier brother, construction workers, journalists and volunteers … …

　　In this "national war" with invisible enemies, we have witnessed too many great heroic stories, and counting and remembering these people and things is to pay tribute to the spirit of dedication of this society, but also to accumulate the strength of this country to forge ahead.

　　In January of this year, Zhong Nanshan took a photo of the high-speed rail "swipe the screen" network Su Yueming photo.

　　At the age of 84, he warned everyone not to go to Wuhan, but he squeezed into the dining car.

　　On January 18th, 2020, when Covid-19 was quietly raging in Wuhan, an 84-year-old man rushed to Wuhan in a retrograde way by making up a high-speed rail ticket.

　　At that time, the old man took a photo of the high-speed rail to screen the network: in the corner of the high-speed rail dining car going to Wuhan, his face was tired, his brow was locked, and his eyes were closed. In front of him was a pile of documents that he had just read … … He is Zhong Nanshan.

　　The 80-year-old man who warned everyone not to go to Wuhan began to work almost around the clock in the next four days.

　　Zhong Nanshan made a public speech, stressing that there was a phenomenon of "human-to-human transmission" in the epidemic, and this critical judgment changed the anti-epidemic process in China.

　　With the early accurate judgment, an unprecedented national war "epidemic" started in an all-round way from Wuhan to the whole country.

　　In the following months, the 80-year-old man accompanied 1.4 billion Chinese through the most difficult time.

　　The words "Dare to treat and speak" are hung on the wall of Zhong Nanshan’s office all the year round, which is also a true portrayal of his medical career.

　　On March 18th, Zhang Boli, together with Liu Qingquan, member of National Health Commission expert group and president of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, came to Puanshan Rehabilitation Station in Jiangxia to see the clinic for the rehabilitation personnel, and went to Jiangxia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for guidance and investigation. China News Service reporter ZhangChang photo

　　On March 18th, Zhang Boli conducted a survey in Wuhan. China News Service reporter ZhangChang photo

　　At the age of 72, he left his gallbladder in Wuhan and went to work on the third day after surgery.

　　After the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Zhang Boli, a 72-year-old academician of China Academy of Engineering and president of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was ordered to go to Wuhan with the Central Steering Group on the third day of New Year’s Eve.

　　During more than 80 days in Wuhan, Zhang Boli and his colleagues were stationed in Jiangxia Fangcang Hospital, taking comprehensive treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine. By the end of the "cabin break", they had achieved "three zeros": 564 patients had zero conversion to severe illness and zero relapse, and medical staff had zero infection.

　　Zhang Boli had a cholecystectomy in Wuhan because of the high workload of working day and night. On the third day after the operation, he put himself into remote consultation in his hospital bed.

　　Thanks to the joint efforts of Zhang Boli and his colleagues, the role of traditional Chinese medicine is reflected in the whole process of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation in COVID-19, with a total effective rate of over 90%.

　　"When the state is in danger, the doctor is a soldier. I would rather bear myself than the people. " This is what Zhang Boli said in the fight against SARS. Facing the sudden COVID-19 epidemic, he once again shouldered the mission and wrote the profound Chinese medicine into the "China Plan" to fight the epidemic.

　　Zhang Dingyu, Dean of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, who sticks to the front line. China News Agency issued Ke Wei photo source: CNSPHOTO

　　The "Deadly Dean" fought in the front line and even neglected the infected wife.

　　Many people still remember such a figure — — A "terminally ill dean" dragging his frozen legs and rushing to the front line of fighting the epidemic.

　　Zhang Dingyu is the director of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, and his other identity is a patient with gradual freezing.

　　It is such a doctor who is terminally ill himself, who has been fighting in the front line at the worst of the epidemic, even ignoring his infected wife and racing against the virus day and night.

　　"I have to run faster to win time; I have to run faster to get more patients back from the virus. " This sentence by Zhang Dingyu once made netizens across the country cry, and explained a doctor’s firm sense of mission.

　　Chen Wei (screenshot of network video)

　　Retrograde "virus hunter", she brought China’s vaccine closer and closer.

　　After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, military medical experts drawn from the army went to Wuhan urgently on the second day of the Lunar New Year’s Day to make full efforts to tackle key scientific problems and support Wuhan’s scientific research on fighting the pneumonia epidemic infected by novel coronavirus. Chen Wei, an academician of the China Academy of Engineering and a researcher at the Institute of Military Medicine of the Academy of Military Sciences, is the leader of this team.

　　When the military medical expert group just arrived in Wuhan, Chen Wei led the expert group to complete the construction of tent-type mobile detection laboratory and detection platform within one day, and used the kit independently developed by the Military Medical Research Institute and the method of fully automatic nucleic acid extraction, and the maximum detection capacity of samples per day was more than 1,000.

　　In Wuhan, Chen Wei led a team to jointly fight with the scientific research base behind Beijing, and concentrated on developing emergency scientific research on vaccine development.

　　In March 2020, the first phase of clinical trial of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine was launched in Wuhan, which is also the first COVID-19 vaccine in the world to enter the clinical research stage. In April, the second-phase clinical trial of the vaccine was started, and in August, the vaccine was granted a national patent, making it the first COVID-19 vaccine in China to enter the clinic and obtain a patent right.

　　The team led by this soldier once again witnessed the "China Speed" in the world.

　　Du Bin held the flowers prepared by his colleagues and showed a happy smile. (Source: Guan Wei of Peking Union Medical College Hospital)

　　Critical care experts who play the "full audience" will not retreat if they don’t win!

　　On August 30th, Du Bin, director of the ICU of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, flew back to Beijing, and the hero who fought against the epidemic finally went home.

　　On New Year’s Eve in 2020, Du Bin spent his time in the intensive care unit of Jinyintan Hospital, an anti-epidemic "eye of the storm" in Wuhan. After the medical team of Concord Aid Hubei took over the intensive care unit, Du Bin was appointed as the director of the temporary department. In order to guide the new team members to familiarize themselves with the work content, he often spent 10 hours in the ward.

　　On April 15th, the last national medical team left Hubei, and eight experts were stationed in seven designated hospitals for severe diseases to attack the last "fortress for severe diseases" in Wuhan. They are honored as "Eight Immortals with Severe Illness", and Du Bin is one of them.

　　After that, from Wuhan to Harbin to Beijing and then to Urumqi, Du Bin played the "full court" against the epidemic.

　　During the epidemic, there were many doctors who tried their best to stay at the forefront like Du Bin. He said with his own practical actions: "Don’t win this war ‘ Epidemic ’ , do not retreat! "

　　Yong Wang sends "care package" to the elderly. Photo courtesy of SF

　　The courier brother who was afraid of shaking his legs became a "life ferryman"!

　　Yong Wang is 35 years old. During the epidemic, this ordinary courier started to volunteer to take medical staff to and from work without telling his family. He is also known as the "life ferryman".

　　At first, Yong Wang’s protective gear only had one N95 mask. It was in this almost "streaking" state that he drove a private car and went to Jinyintan Hospital without hesitation to pick up medical staff.

　　During the epidemic, he also contacted many partners, docked many restaurants, meat and vegetable suppliers and other caring resources, so that 7,800 medical staff and frontline volunteers had hot lunch and dinner, and built a logistics support line for medical staff.

　　It is such an ordinary person who makes people see the greatness in the ordinary and the mutual help of a city.

　　During the epidemic in Wuhan, Gan Ruyi, a post-95 doctor in Banzhudang Town, Gongan County, Hubei Province, became popular on the Internet because he rode more than 300 kilometers for four days and three nights and rushed to Wuhan Hospital to work.

　　After 1995, the doctor rode for 4 days and 3 nights, just to return to his post as soon as possible.

　　Gan Ruyi, 24, is a technician at Jinkou Street Community Health Service Center in Jiangxia District, Wuhan. After the closure of Wuhan, she had already returned to her hometown in Jingzhou for a vacation and resolutely returned to Wuhan.

　　On the morning of January 31, Gan Ruyi took a temporary pass in the village committee, packed his bags with biscuits and instant noodles, and rode his bike to Wuhan. From Jingzhou to Wuhan, the distance is 300 kilometers, and I have experienced cycling, hitchhiking and walking.

　　Riding for 4 days and 3 nights, she has only one purpose: "to return to work as soon as possible."

　　During the epidemic, there are still many young post-90s who stick to their posts silently like Gan Ruyi. According to the data, among the more than 40,000 medical staff supporting Hubei in China, there are more than 12,000 young people born after 1990s and 00s.

　　Ai Zeming Image Source: Xinhuanet

　　College students volunteered in the cold wind: they didn’t miss a day.

　　During the epidemic, Ai Zeming, as a senior student of Beihua University, responded to the recruitment of youth epidemic prevention volunteers from Jilin Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, and carried out voluntary services such as temperature measurement, disinfection and registration in Changchun Railway Station, airport and old residential areas in the cold wind. He served for 83 days without missing a day.

　　During his service at Changchun Railway Station, Ai Zeming rested at 10 o’clock every night, got up at 2 o’clock in the morning, ate noodles with the sauce left by his mother.

　　He said that this is to leave enough time for the stomach to empty, so as not to want to go to the bathroom after wearing protective clothing. In the past 20 days, he only ate a normal meal almost every day, never drank water before taking up his post, and arrived at his post the earliest every day.

　　Ai Zemin is not fighting alone. From the age of 18 to 40, more than 30,000 students, retired soldiers and other Jilin youth epidemic prevention volunteers have become his teammates.

　　… …

　　It is the strength of thousands of ordinary people in Qian Qian who come together, and we are marching towards victory step by step!

　　This country is fortunate to have you.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 19th Title: Perspective of the National Development and Reform Commission’s Early Warning of Pig Price

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Liu Kaixiong, Yu Wenjing, Zhou Mian and Zou Mingzhong

　　On the 15th, the National Bureau of Statistics released the market price changes of important means of production in the circulation field in the first half of June 2021. The current price of live pigs was 15.8 yuan/kg, which was nearly 60% lower than that of 36.8 yuan/kg in the first half of January.

　　On the 16th, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a three-level warning for the excessive drop in the price of live pigs, prompting farms (households) to make scientific arrangements for production and management decisions and keep the production capacity of live pigs at a reasonable level.

　　The amount of slaughter has risen sharply, and supply exceeds demand to lower the price of pork.

　　The reporter learned in a large supermarket chain in Beijing that the price of fine pork belly has dropped from nearly 40 yuan to 23 yuan at the beginning of the year, and the price of rear hip tip has also dropped from more than 30 yuan per catty to 16 yuan today.

　　"Pork prices have been falling this year, especially in March and April." The supermarket meat salesman said: "The current price is at the beginning of the year, and I can’t even think about it."

　　Why did the price of pork fall so much? According to the National Development and Reform Commission, the price of live pigs has been declining recently due to the combined effects of concentrated slaughter of large-weight pigs, increased imports of frozen pork and weak seasonal demand.

　　"The sharp increase in pig slaughter is the core factor, mainly due to the rapid recovery of pig production capacity during the year and the low slaughter in the same period last year." Galaxy futures pig researcher Taokit Chen is saying.

　　"In a word, there are more pigs currently being slaughtered." Wu Shenshu, director of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department of Hunan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that as of the end of April this year, there were more than 15 million pigs slaughtered in Hunan Province, which not only increased by about 30% year-on-year, but also increased for 19 consecutive months.

　　The Animal Husbandry Development Department of Liaoning Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recently said in an interview that it is estimated that there were 15.6 million live pigs in Liaoning Province in the first five months, a year-on-year increase of 30%; 10.96 million pigs were slaughtered, a year-on-year increase of 25%; The output of pork was 950,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 25%.

　　The investment in aquaculture has increased and the production capacity has expanded rapidly.

　　In the investigation, the reporter found that in the first two years, affected by the African swine fever epidemic, the domestic pig slaughter and stock decreased significantly, which boosted the domestic pork price and brought high profits to the aquaculture industry. At the same time, local governments have taken corresponding measures to support the construction of modern farms in order to ensure the stable price of pork supply. In this context, large-scale enterprises have rapidly expanded their production capacity and newly expanded their farms.

　　Wu Shenshu introduced that in Hunan alone, since September 2019, 926 farms with a scale of more than 10,000 heads have been newly expanded, and 482 have been put into operation.

　　"Now the spot price of live pigs is close to the cost line of autotrophic breeding of leading enterprises." Li Qiang, deputy general manager of Xinhu Futures, believes that the expansion of large-scale aquaculture enterprises in the early stage has led to the continuous release of pig production capacity.

　　In addition, a set of data from China Feed Industry Association can also confirm the rapid recovery of pig production capacity. From January to April this year, the total national feed output was 88.46 million tons, up 20.1% year-on-year. Among them, the output of pig feed was 41.17 million tons, up 74.2% year-on-year; The output of egg poultry, meat poultry and aquatic feed decreased year-on-year.

　　Liu Pingyun, dean of the Zhongnan Branch of Nanjing Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that pigs are now raised by science and technology, and the cost of various inputs is high. At present, the starting price of a pig farm with a normal scale (5,000 sows) is 60 million yuan.

　　"It is only after seeing the high profits of the aquaculture industry that capital will enter the market." An interviewed expert said.

　　All parties actively respond to keep the market running smoothly.

　　"With the continuous recovery of pig production capacity, the downward phase of the current pig cycle has arrived. Although there will be a short-term rebound in the future, the overall weak pattern is difficult to change." Lv Pin, a pig researcher at Everbright Futures, said.

　　The decline in pork prices has temporarily benefited ordinary consumers, but the early warning issued by the National Development and Reform Commission on the production side has aroused great concern. Now, the market is beginning to worry that the enthusiasm of aquaculture enterprises will be hit, which will affect the pork supply and meat price stability for a longer period of time.

　　Pig breeding enterprises have stood at the critical point of breakeven.

　　Xiong Lianqiu, the chairman of Hunan Xiangtan Kexing Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., calculated an account for the reporter: the comprehensive cost shared by each fertile sow has reached as high as 20,000 yuan, and the various costs that a fat pig needs to share per kilogram of meat on average have also risen to 8.5 yuan.

　　Mu Yuan, the largest listed company in the pig breeding industry, said recently that it needs to improve talent management and capital reserve to prepare for the coming of winter in the industry.

　　On June 9th, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with other departments, jointly issued the "Pre-plan for Improving the Regulation Mechanism of Government Pork Reserves to Ensure Supply and Stabilize Prices in the Pork Market", aiming at strengthening the regulation of government pork reserves. Subsequently, the National Development and Reform Commission proposed that it would pay close attention to the trend of pig production and market price with relevant departments, conscientiously organize and implement the plan, and timely carry out reserve adjustment to promote the smooth operation of the pig market.

　　The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that the next step will be to strengthen production and market monitoring with relevant departments, release information in a timely manner, and guide pig farmers to rationally arrange production rhythm; Do a good job in the prevention and control of African swine fever normalization and consolidate the results of pig production recovery; Taking the change rate of fertile sows as the core regulation index, we will promote the establishment of a regulation mechanism to stabilize the production capacity of pigs and prevent the recurrence of large fluctuations; Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the pig industry and promote the high-quality development of the pig industry.

　　All parties in the market are also actively taking action. Since the beginning of this year, a number of futures companies have taken the initiative to tailor the risk management plan for breeding enterprises in combination with pig futures. For example, Guangfa Futures and Dadi Insurance jointly provide futures price insurance for more than 6,100 pigs in Yunyang County, Chongqing in the form of "insurance+futures". 30% of the project premium is subsidized by Yunyang county government, 50% is paid by futures companies, and the proportion of farmers paying premiums is only 20%.

　　Jing Zheng Fa [2021] No.19

　　District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus, and municipal institutions:

　　The "Beijing Overall Emergency Plan (revised in 2021)" is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

　　the people’s government of beijing city　　　　

　　July 9, 2021　　

　　Overall contingency plan for emergencies in Beijing

　　(revised in 2021)

　　eye　record

　　one　general rules

　　1.1　Purpose and significance

　　1.2　area of application

　　1.3　Working principle

　　1.4　Classification and grading of emergencies

　　1.5　Emergency plan system

　　2　Organization and responsibilities

　　2.1　leading organization

　　2.2　Working mechanism

　　2.3　Special command organization

　　2.4　Emergency institutions in districts and key areas

　　2.5　Grass-roots emergency agencies

　　2.6　Emergency organization for major events

　　3 Monitoring and early warning

　　3.1　Monitoring and risk control

　　3.2　early warning

　　3.3　Monitoring and early warning support system

　　four　Emergency treatment and rescue

　　4.1　Information submission

　　4.2　Pre-disposal and public response

　　4.3　Hierarchical response

　　4.4　Field command

　　4.5　Disposal measures

　　4.6　Social mobilization

　　4.7　Information release and public opinion guidance

　　4.8　Emergency end

　　five　Recovery and reconstruction

　　5.1　Aftercare disposal

　　5.2　Social assistance and pension

　　5.3　insurance

　　5.4　Investigation and evaluation

　　5.5　Supervision and inspection accountability and rewards and punishments

　　six　Emergency support

　　6.1　Emergency team support

　　6.2　Command system technical support

　　6.3　Transportation security

　　6.4　Material and equipment support

　　6.5　Medical and health security

　　6.6　Public security guarantee

　　6.7　Emergency shelter security

　　6.8　Financial guarantee

　　6.9　Legal guarantee

　　seven　Plan management

　　7.1　Formulation and filing

　　7.2　emergency drill

　　7.3　Publicity and training

　　eight　Supplementary provisions and annexes

　　8.1　Description of noun terms and abbreviations

　　8.2　Description of this plan

　　8.3　Catalogue of municipal special emergency plans

　　8.4　Organizational System Framework of Beijing Emergency Committee

　　one　general rules

　　Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, this plan is formulated according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, the National Overall Emergency Plan, the Measures for Beijing to Implement the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, the Working Rules of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Beijing Municipal Committee, the Working Rules of Beijing Municipal People’s Government and other relevant laws, regulations, rules and documents, as well as the actual emergency response work in this city.

　　1.1 Purpose and significance

　　1.1.1 Beijing is the capital of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the national political center, cultural center, international exchange center and scientific and technological innovation center. Building and managing the capital well is an important part of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Capital security is related to national security.

　　1.1.2 Beijing is a megacity with dense population, large floating population, dense buildings, high accumulation of economic factors and frequent political, cultural and international exchanges. Influenced by various risk factors, there are many conditions for emergencies.

　　1.1.3 The formulation of this plan is of great significance to actively prevent and resolve major security risks, improve the level of emergency response, safeguard national security and social stability, protect people’s lives and property, promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity, and create a safe and stable social environment for building a world-class harmonious and livable capital.

　　1.2 Scope of application

　　This plan is the general plan for Beijing to deal with all kinds of emergencies, and it is used to guide the prevention and handling of all kinds of emergencies that occur in the administrative area of Beijing or in other areas at home and abroad and involve Beijing, and should be handled or participated in by Beijing.

　　The emergency mentioned in this plan refers to natural disasters, accidents, public health incidents and social security incidents that suddenly occur and cause or may cause serious social harm and need to be dealt with by emergency measures.

　　1.3 working principles

　　Adhere to the people first and life first. Thoroughly implement the spirit of the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on emergency management, disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, adhere to the overall national security concept, adhere to the people-centered, strengthen the awareness of the capital, resolutely shoulder the political responsibility and social responsibility of fully preventing and resolving major security risks, minimize the harm of emergencies, and continuously enhance the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

　　Adhere to the leadership of the party Committee and the combination of unification and separation. Under the unified leadership of the Municipal Party Committee, the Beijing Emergency Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal Emergency Committee), the leading organization of the Municipal Party Committee to deal with major public health emergencies, and the leading group of the Municipal Party Committee for Safe Beijing Construction are responsible for overall planning. Departments and districts in various industries (fields) continue to improve the emergency risk prevention and response responsibility system of classified management and source prevention and control, forming the work of "Party Committee leadership, government leadership, departmental linkage, professional disposal and social participation"

　　Adhere to the hierarchical responsibility and territorial priority. Establish an emergency command system at the city and district levels. Municipal overall guidance, forward command, coordination and dispatch of resources to deal with; District level shall perform territorial responsibilities, start emergency response in time, and be fully responsible for organizing and responding to emergencies in the region. Focus on organizing and mobilizing social forces to participate extensively and form a joint effort. Improve and perfect the coordination and linkage mechanism between departments, sectors and various forces.

　　Adhere to regional cooperation and joint prevention and control. We will improve the emergency coordination and linkage mechanism in the capital region, strengthen joint prevention and control with relevant state departments, troops stationed in Beijing, central units in Beijing and neighboring provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and strengthen information communication, policy coordination and resource sharing. Promote emergency cooperation in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, jointly carry out emergency drills, and realize information sharing, emergency resource cooperation, and linkage of major emergency strategies and measures.

　　Adhere to legal norms and scientific and technological support. Improve the supporting laws, regulations and systems for emergency management, and promote the standardization, institutionalization and legalization of emergency response. Based on the advantages of scientific and technological innovation in the capital, we will strengthen scientific research and technological development of emergency management, give full play to the role of experts and professionals, and improve the scientific, professional, intelligent and refined level of emergency response.

　　1.4 emergency classification and grading

　　1.4.1 The emergencies in this Municipality mainly include the following categories:

　　(1) Natural disasters. It mainly includes floods and droughts, meteorological disasters, earthquake disasters, geological disasters, biological disasters and forest fires.

　　(2) accidents and disasters. It mainly includes all kinds of safety accidents, fire accidents, traffic accidents, public facilities and equipment accidents, nuclear incidents and radiation accidents, environmental pollution and ecological damage incidents in industrial, mining, trading and other enterprises.

　　(3) Public health events. It mainly includes infectious diseases, mass unexplained diseases, food safety and occupational hazards, animal epidemics, and other events that seriously affect public health and life safety.

　　(4) Social security incidents. It mainly includes terrorist attacks, criminal cases, economic security incidents, foreign-related emergencies and mass incidents.

　　1.4.2 Except as otherwise provided by laws, regulations and rules, according to the degree of harm, scope of spread, influence, loss of personnel and property, etc. that may be caused by unexpected events, from high to low, it is divided into four levels: particularly significant, significant, large and general. The specific event level standards shall be implemented in accordance with the corresponding national special emergency plans and emergency plans of relevant state departments.

　　1.5 emergency plan system

　　The city’s emergency plan system is divided into three levels: city, district and street (township) management. According to the formulation subject, it is divided into two categories: emergency plans of the government and its departments, emergency plans of units and grassroots organizations. The emergency plans of the government and its departments are composed of general emergency plans, special emergency plans, departmental emergency plans, emergency support plans, catastrophe emergency plans, emergency work manuals and incident response action plans that provide support for emergency plans.

　　2 Organization and responsibilities

　　2.1 Leading bodies

　　2.1.1 Under the unified leadership of the Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Emergency Committee organizes and directs the daily response to emergencies in the city, and uniformly directs and disposes of major, especially major natural disasters and accidents. The leading bodies of the Municipal Party Committee to deal with major public health emergencies shall uniformly command and handle major and particularly major public health emergencies. The leading group of Beijing Safe Construction of the Municipal Party Committee uniformly directs and handles major and particularly major social security incidents.

　　In the event of a particularly serious emergency such as the "July 21" catastrophic natural disaster and the COVID-19 epidemic, the municipal party committee and the municipal government will make disposal decisions and work arrangements, set up a leadership and command organization as needed, strengthen unified leadership and command, and coordinate relevant professional emergency teams, experts, troops stationed in Beijing and emergency resources such as equipment and materials to provide support. When necessary, consult the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on behalf of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, and start the emergency coordination mechanism in the capital area after approval, coordinate the relevant state departments, the general office of the Central Military Commission, the central units in Beijing and the surrounding provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and jointly participate in emergency prevention and response.

　　2.1.2 The Municipal Emergency Committee is composed of the director, deputy directors, executive deputy directors, members and other leading members, as well as the Secretary-General, the Deputy Secretary-General, the Deputy Secretary-General and other members.

　　The director is the mayor, the deputy director is the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee responsible for political and legal work and the executive deputy mayor, the executive deputy director is the deputy mayor who assists in emergency management, and the members are the relevant municipal leaders of the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, the Secretary General of the Municipal Party Committee, the Secretary General of the Municipal Government, and the main responsible comrades of the Beijing Garrison and the Beijing Armed Police Corps.

　　The Secretary-General is concurrently appointed by the Secretary-General of the municipal government, and the Deputy Secretary-General of the municipal party committee and the municipal government is concurrently appointed. The Deputy Secretary-General is concurrently appointed by the Deputy Secretary of the Political and Legal Committee of the municipal party committee in charge of daily work, the Deputy Minister in charge of the Propaganda Department of the municipal party committee, the relevant deputy director of the general office of the municipal government and the principal responsible comrades of the municipal emergency bureau.

　　The components include the office of emergency headquarters (hereinafter referred to as the special headquarters), relevant municipal departments and relevant units.

　　2.1.3 Main responsibilities of the Municipal Emergency Committee

　　(1) to study and formulate the city’s major decisions and guidance to deal with emergencies;

　　(2) to examine and approve the overall emergency plan for emergencies in the city;

　　(3) Organize and direct the daily response to emergencies in the city, and conduct unified command and disposal of major, especially major natural disasters and accidents;

　　(4) In response to emergencies, the municipal party committee and the municipal government are requested to report to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and ask for instructions on related matters, and coordinate the relationship with relevant state departments, troops stationed in Beijing, central units in Beijing and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities;

　　(5) Leading the emergency committee of the district (hereinafter referred to as the district emergency committee) to carry out relevant response work for major and particularly major emergencies;

　　(6) Analysis and summary of the city’s annual emergency response work.

　　2.1.4 The composition and responsibilities of the leading institutions of the Municipal Party Committee to deal with major public health emergencies, the leading group of the Municipal Party Committee for Safe Beijing Construction, and the emergency coordination linkage mechanism in the Capital Region shall be implemented in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　2.2 working mechanism

　　2.2.1 The Office of the Municipal Emergency Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal Emergency Office) is located in the Municipal Emergency Bureau, which undertakes the specific work of the Municipal Emergency Committee, and is responsible for planning, organizing, coordinating, guiding and inspecting the emergency response and emergency management plans, systems, mechanisms and legal system construction in this Municipality according to the decision of the Municipal Emergency Committee.

　　2.2.2 The Municipal Emergency Command Center is the command platform of the Municipal Emergency Committee. The backup command platform of the Municipal Emergency Committee is located in the Municipal Civil Defense Office.

　　2.3 Special command organization

　　2.3.1 The Municipal Emergency Committee shall set up a special headquarters, Including emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters, emergency headquarters,, Traffic Safety Emergency Command, Flood control and drought relief in emergency headquarters, public health emergencies in emergency headquarters, foreign-related emergencies in emergency headquarters, production safety accidents in emergency headquarters, forest fire prevention in emergency headquarters, civil air defense engineering accidents in emergency headquarters, major animal and plant epidemic in emergency headquarters, fire safety in emergency headquarters, earthquake emergency command, food and drug safety emergency command, etc.

　　The commander-in-chief of the municipal special command is the leader in charge of the city.

　　2.3.2 Main responsibilities of special headquarters

　　(1) to implement the relevant emergency response laws, regulations and rules;

　　(2) To study and formulate policies, measures and guidance for this Municipality to deal with relevant emergencies;

　　(3) To specifically command the emergency handling of major and particularly major emergencies in this Municipality, and to command, coordinate or assist the district to carry out emergency handling of relevant general and major emergencies according to law;

　　(4) Analysis and summary of the city’s response to related emergencies, and formulation of work plans and annual work plans;

　　(5) Be responsible for the construction and management of emergency rescue teams and emergency material support under this command;

　　(6) To undertake other tasks assigned by the Municipal Emergency Committee.

　　2.3.3 In addition to the above special headquarters, in case of other emergencies, the temporary emergency headquarters will be established by the leaders in charge of the city, the deputy secretary-general of the municipal party committee and municipal government, and the main responsible comrades of the relevant responsible units to take charge of the response.

　　2.3.4 The offices of the special headquarters in the city are located in the relevant departments of the city. As the daily working institutions of the special headquarters, they are responsible for organizing the implementation of the decisions of the headquarters and coordinating and mobilizing the member units to carry out the response work.

　　2.3.5 Relevant municipal departments shall be responsible for the prevention and response of related emergencies under the leadership of the Municipal Emergency Committee according to their respective responsibilities and business scope.

　　2.3.6 Division of Labor for Emergency Disposal

　　The lead response department for all kinds of emergencies is the main responsible department for handling (see the table below for details), and the participation or guarantee department specified in the special emergency plan is the handling cooperation department.

　　2.3.7　处置主责部门应根据实际情况设立或确定应急管理机构，配备专职工作人员；处置协作部门可根据实际情况设立或确定应急管理机构。

　　2.4　区、重点地区应急机构

　　2.4.1　各区建立相应的突发事件应对工作体制机制，成立突发事件应急管理领导机构、工作机构和专项指挥机构。天安门地区管委会、市重点站区管委会、北京经济技术开发区管委会等(以下统称重点地区管委会)可参照设立本地区应急机构。

　　2.4.2　各区应急委和重点地区管委会在市应急委领导下，参与重大、特别重大突发事件相关应对工作，依法指挥协调或参与本地区各类一般、较大突发事件应对工作。区应急委办公室(以下简称区应急办)设在区应急局，承担区应急委具体工作。

　　2.5　基层应急机构

　　乡镇政府(街道办事处)是应急治理基本单元，应确定应急管理机构，配备专职工作人员，统筹协调相关部门和单位开展风险排查，组建基层应急队伍，具体组织实施本地区各类突发事件应对工作。村(居)民委员会等群众自治组织应明确突发事件应对工作责任人，依法协助政府及有关部门做好突发事件应对工作。其他基层组织和单位在区政府及乡镇政府(街道办事处)指导下开展应急管理工作。

　　2.6 Emergency institutions for major events

　　2.6.1 The organizers or contractors of major events should rely on the activity organization system, define or set up emergency agencies, establish emergency response mechanisms, coordinate relevant departments and units to provide emergency services for major events, and direct and handle emergencies directly related to major events.

　　2.6.2 Relevant departments of the city and district shall, according to the normal working system, make overall plans to ensure the operation of cities such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, electricity, gas and heat during major events, as well as the command and handling of social emergencies.

　　2.6.3 Emergency institutions for major events shall establish information exchange and collaborative linkage mechanism with relevant emergency institutions in cities and districts, and coordinate relevant emergency institutions in cities and districts to provide support as needed.

　　3 Monitoring and early warning

　　3.1 Monitoring and risk control

　　3.1.1 This Municipality shall establish and improve the emergency risk management system and the management system of dangerous sources and dangerous areas, improve the working mechanism of investigation and rectification of potential safety hazards, and implement classified management and dynamic monitoring. City Emergency Office takes the lead in establishing risk prevention and control inspection and supervision, information sharing and public safety situation analysis mechanism. Administrative committees of all districts and key areas, relevant municipal departments and relevant units shall strengthen safety supervision and inspection of important infrastructure.

　　3.1.2 Administrative Committees of all districts and key areas, relevant municipal departments and relevant units shall establish and improve risk prevention and control and monitoring systems, improve monitoring systems, and standardize the formats and procedures for obtaining, submitting, analyzing and publishing monitoring information; Establish and improve the basic information databases of various regions and industries (fields), improve the monitoring network, equip with necessary equipment and facilities, and identify full-time or part-time personnel to monitor possible emergencies.

　　3.1.3 The municipal and district emergency offices and key area management committees are responsible for organizing the collection, analysis and processing of all kinds of risk monitoring information; Regularly organize comprehensive risk assessment and risk situation analysis, organize public security situation analysis meetings, judge the overall situation of emergency response, and put forward preventive measures and suggestions.

　　3.1.4 Administrative Committees of all districts and key areas, relevant municipal departments and relevant units shall, according to their respective functions and duties, timely collect, analyze and process risk monitoring information of their own regions and industries (fields), and be responsible for collecting, sorting out and studying information on risks and emergencies that may have a significant impact on this Municipality at home and abroad, predicting possible situations, promptly reporting to the Municipal Emergency Office, and notifying relevant municipal departments.

　　3.1.5 The Municipal Emergency Alarm Service Center (110) and the Municipal Citizen Hotline Service Center (12345) are responsible for accepting and analyzing all kinds of information reflected by citizens, legal persons or other organizations, and shall promptly notify all relevant units of all kinds of emergencies that may occur. Transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, electricity, gas, heat and other urban operation guarantee enterprises should give full play to the role of the main channel of information collection, and collect and submit emergency information, urban operation information and sensitive information related to safety and stability to the general office of the municipal party Committee, the municipal emergency office and relevant municipal departments at the first time.

　　3.1.6 Relevant municipal departments and propaganda, network information, public security network supervision and other departments shall establish a mechanism for rapid collection and judgment of public opinion in emergencies, collect media reports on emergencies and sensitive issues in this city in a timely manner, closely follow the public opinion trends, and report to the Municipal Emergency Office.

　　3.1.7 For confidential information, the department responsible for data collection shall abide by relevant regulations and do a good job of confidentiality.

　　3.2 Early warning

　　3.2.1 This Municipality shall establish and improve the emergency early warning system. City emergency office is responsible for the supervision and comprehensive management of the city’s emergency early warning work, the relevant departments of the city are responsible for the relevant categories of emergency early warning work, and the administrative committees of all districts and key areas are responsible for the early warning management of emergencies in the region.

　　3.2.2 The warning levels of emergencies that can be forewarned are divided into level 1, level 2, level 3 and level 4 according to the urgency, development trend and possible harm degree of emergencies, which are marked with red, orange, yellow and blue respectively, with level 1 being the highest level. The classification of early warning levels shall be implemented according to the national standards. If the country has not yet formulated the classification standards of early warning levels, the relevant municipal departments may formulate them first, and after approval by the municipal government, report them to the departments determined by the State Council or the State Council for the record.

　　3.2.3 Early Warning Release and Release

　　(1) The blue and yellow warning shall be issued and released by the relevant special headquarters office of the city and relevant departments of the city, and reported to the municipal emergency office for the record. The orange and red warning shall be put forward by the relevant special headquarters office and relevant departments of the city to the municipal emergency office. The orange warning shall be approved by the municipal emergency office in charge of the city leaders, and the red warning shall be released and released by the municipal emergency office or authorized by the relevant special headquarters office and relevant departments of the city after being approved by the director of the municipal emergency committee.

　　(2) The administrative committees of all districts and key areas may, according to the actual situation, release the early warning information of the local area and report it to the municipal emergency office and relevant municipal departments for the record.

　　(3) For the orange and red warning information that may affect other areas outside the city, the relevant special headquarters office of the city and the relevant departments of the city shall, in accordance with the scope of duties and relevant regulations, promptly report to the relevant state departments and notify the relevant areas that may be harmed; When necessary, the municipal emergency office shall ask the general office of the municipal government to report to the general office of the State Council in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　(4) For the early warning information that needs to be released to the public, the relevant special headquarters office of the city and the relevant departments of the city shall perform the examination and approval procedures, and the early warning information release center of the city shall release it uniformly according to the regulations. Warning information released only within the industry (field) can be released by the competent department or unit of the industry (field) within the system, the unit and the scope that may be affected. Other organizations and individuals shall not release early warning information without authorization.

　　(5) Where there are other provisions in relevant national laws, regulations, rules or normative documents, such provisions shall prevail.

　　3.2.4 Early warning information includes emergency category, early warning level, start time, estimated duration, possible impact range, warning items, measures to be taken, release unit and release time, etc.

　　3.2.5 Early warning response

　　(1) After the blue and yellow warning is issued, the relevant special headquarters office of the city, relevant departments of the city, and the administrative committees of relevant districts and key areas shall respond immediately according to relevant emergency plans and take the following measures:

　　Ordering relevant departments, professional institutions, monitoring outlets and personnel with information reporting responsibilities to collect and report relevant information in a timely manner, announcing to the public the channels for reflecting emergency information, and strengthening the monitoring, forecasting and early warning of the occurrence and development of emergencies;

　　Organize relevant departments and institutions, professional and technical personnel, experts and scholars to analyze and evaluate the emergency information at any time, and predict the size, influence scope and possible emergency level of the emergency;

　　Timely release the public-related emergency prediction information and analysis and evaluation results, and manage the reporting of relevant information;

　　In a timely manner, in accordance with the relevant provisions, issue warnings to the society that may be endangered by emergencies, publicize the common sense of avoiding and reducing hazards, and publish consultation telephone numbers.

　　(2) After the orange and red warnings are issued, the relevant special headquarters office of the city, relevant departments of the city and the administrative committees of all districts and key areas should take one or more of the following measures based on the blue and yellow warning response measures, and also aim at the characteristics of the upcoming emergencies and the possible harm:

　　Ordering emergency teams, emergency commanders and personnel with specific responsibilities to be on standby, and mobilizing reserve personnel to prepare for emergency response and rescue work;

　　Mobilize materials, equipment and tools needed for emergency rescue, prepare emergency facilities and shelters, and ensure that they can be put into normal use at any time;

　　Strengthen the security of key units, important parts and important infrastructure, and maintain social order;

　　Take necessary measures to ensure the safe and normal operation of public facilities such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, electricity, gas and heat;

　　Timely release to the public suggestions and advice on taking specific measures to avoid or mitigate hazards;

　　Transfer, evacuate or evacuate people who are vulnerable to emergencies and properly arrange them, and transfer important property;

　　Close or restrict the use of places that are vulnerable to emergencies, and control or restrict the activities of public places that are likely to lead to the expansion of hazards;

　　Other necessary preventive and protective measures stipulated by laws, regulations and rules.

　　3.2.6 The municipal emergency office can adjust the level of early warning suggestions put forward by the relevant special headquarters office of the city, relevant departments of the city or the administrative committees of districts and key areas according to the development, changes and influence degree of emergencies, and report to the leaders of the municipal emergency committee for approval.

　　The early warning information release unit should pay close attention to the progress of the incident, adjust the early warning level according to the procedures according to the changes of the situation and the suggestions of the expert advisory group, and notify the relevant departments in time.

　　After the relevant special headquarters office and relevant departments of the city release the emergency warning information, the administrative committees of all districts and key areas can adjust the early warning level of the local area according to the actual situation, and report to the municipal emergency office and the relevant special headquarters office and relevant departments of the city for the record.

　　3.2.7 When it is determined that the emergency is impossible or the danger has been eliminated, the early warning information release unit shall immediately announce the lifting of the early warning and notify the relevant municipal departments.

　　3.2.8 Early warning information can be released, adjusted and released through radio, television, newspapers, mobile phone short messages, mobile phone clients, Weibo, WeChat, websites, media centers in various districts, electronic display screens, emergency broadcasts, alarms or household notifications by organizers, etc., for the elderly, young, sick, disabled, pregnant and other groups, as well as special schools, hospitals, tourist attractions, transportation hubs, etc.

　　3.3 Monitoring and Early Warning Support System

　　3.3.1 Relevant municipal departments and meteorological, ecological environment, finance, culture, tourism, commerce and other departments should make full use of modern monitoring means to strengthen the construction of digital monitoring infrastructure and professional early warning and forecasting information system.

　　3.3.2 The Municipal Emergency Office shall, jointly with the municipal special headquarters offices, relevant municipal departments and relevant units, establish and improve the comprehensive risk management information system of this Municipality, and gradually realize comprehensive risk monitoring and early warning of emergencies across regions and industries (fields). Relevant municipal departments and relevant units, administrative committees of districts and key areas should establish professional and regional risk management information systems to improve the ability of early risk identification, forecasting and early warning. Improve the construction of early warning information release platforms at the city and district levels.

　　4 Emergency treatment and rescue

　　4.1 Information submission

　　4.1.1 Municipal Emergency Office, municipal special headquarters offices, relevant municipal departments and units, administrative committees of districts and key areas shall timely report all kinds of emergency information and other relevant information in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Information submission should run through the whole process of emergency prevention and emergency preparation, monitoring and early warning, emergency disposal and rescue, and post-event recovery and reconstruction.

　　4.1.2 Relevant departments, professional organizations, monitoring outlets and disaster information officers, full-time security officers, urban coordinators, group monitoring and prevention officers, meteorological information officers, ecological forest management officers and other personnel who are responsible for information reporting should report emergency information to their subordinate departments in a timely manner in combination with their work responsibilities, and participate in early disposal.

　　4.1.3 Citizens, legal persons or other organizations that know the emergency information shall immediately report to the local government, relevant competent departments or designated professional institutions.

　　4.1.4 For emergency or outstanding information that can be judged as larger or higher emergency level, the incident itself is sensitive or occurs in key areas and special periods, which may have a greater impact, the relevant municipal special headquarters office, relevant municipal departments and units, and the district and key area management committees of the incident place shall immediately report to the General Duty Room of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Emergency Office, and notify the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Party Committee’s Information Office and other departments at the latest, and submit the detailed information no later than 2 hours after the incident.

　　4.1.5 For emergencies that can’t be identified for the time being, it should be verified quickly and reported to the General Duty Room of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Emergency Office no later than 30 minutes after receiving the report. For major and especially major emergencies that are still in the process of disposal, information such as casualties, disposal progress and development trend will be reported every 30 minutes until the end of emergency disposal.

　　4.1.6 For emergencies involving Hong Kong and Macao institutions stationed in Beijing, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan personnel, foreign institutions and personnel stationed in Beijing or municipal agencies stationed abroad (Hong Kong and Macao) and overseas (Hong Kong and Macao) personnel, the Municipal Emergency Office shall also notify the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Municipal Government and the Foreign Affairs Office of the Municipal Government (Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the Municipal Government).

　　4.1.7 For the major and especially major emergency information received, the general office of the municipal party committee, the general office of the municipal government and the municipal department in charge of disposal shall report to the Party Central Committee, the State Council and relevant state departments respectively according to regulations.

　　4.1.8 The contents of reporting emergency information shall include: time, place, information source, nature of the incident, degree of harm, development trend of the incident, adopted measures, etc.

　　4.1.9 The Municipal Emergency Office shall, jointly with relevant municipal departments and units, establish and improve the emergency information system, collect, store, analyze and transmit information about emergencies, and gradually realize the interconnection with emergency information systems of relevant state departments.

　　4.2 Pre-disposal and public response

　　4.2.1 After an emergency occurs, the incident unit, relevant grass-roots organizations and social organizations shall immediately carry out pre-disposal. The incident unit should immediately organize its emergency team and staff to rescue the victims scientifically, and evacuate, evacuate and resettle the threatened personnel; Take other necessary measures to prevent the harm from expanding; Do a good job in guiding professional emergency teams; Report to the local government and relevant departments and units. For the social security incidents caused by the problems of the unit or the main body of which is the personnel of the unit, the responsible person should be quickly dispatched to the scene to carry out persuasion and guidance.

　　4.2.2 District-level departments responsible for public security, public security traffic management, fire rescue, health, emergency, publicity and disposal shall, in accordance with their duties, quickly mobilize relevant professional emergency forces to rush to the scene, grasp the situation on the spot, control the development of the situation, and reduce casualties and economic losses.

　　4.2.3 Township governments (sub-district offices) should immediately organize the evacuation of the masses, take measures to control the development of the situation, do a good job in guiding professional emergency forces, and report the incident to the district party committee and district government in a timely manner.

　　4.2.4 Village (neighborhood) committees and other organizations should publicize and mobilize according to the decisions and orders of the district government, organize the masses to carry out self-help and mutual rescue, and help maintain social order.

　　4.2.5 During the emergency response, the affected citizens, legal persons and other organizations should carry out self-help and mutual rescue in time and take necessary measures to prevent the harm from expanding; Timely report to relevant government departments and agencies about potential safety hazards and disasters; Obey the command and arrangement of the rescue department and the township government (street office), and cooperate with the emergency response and rescue work.

　　4.3 hierarchical response

　　4.3.1 Graded response principle

　　The emergency response of this city is generally divided into four levels from high to low: level 1, level 2, level 3 and level 4. The specific grading standards for emergency response of all kinds of emergencies shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant municipal emergency plans.

　　Relevant departments of the city and district, grass-roots organizations and units and other responsible subjects shall, in accordance with the basic response procedures, start the response measures of relevant emergency plans for disposal. When the disposal capacity of the responsible subject is exceeded, the emergency command organization at the next higher level shall make a request in time, and the command organization at the next higher level shall provide support or initiate a higher-level response.

　　If the incident itself is sensitive, or occurs in key areas such as six districts of the city, or during major events and important meetings, the response level can be appropriately improved. After the emergency response is started, the response level can be adjusted in time according to the development of the emergency situation.

　　4.3.2 Four-level response

　　The initial judgment of an emergency will not exceed the general level, or the situation is relatively simple, and the scope of harm or threat is small. The district party committee and district government at the place where the incident occurred will start to respond, and the relevant municipal departments will give guidance or assist in handling it as needed; When an emergency occurs in a specific field such as rail transit, expressway, nuclear engineering, civil aviation and other related key areas, which needs to be directly directed and handled by the municipal department, the relevant municipal responsible department will start to respond, and the district government of the incident will provide assistance and guarantee.

　　When the district party committee and the district government start to respond, mobilize the district-level responsible departments and relevant departments to carry out emergency response. Relevant district leaders should quickly rush to the scene as the chief commander, set up a district-level on-site command led by the district-level disposal department, and organize and coordinate all forces to carry out rescue operations.

　　After the district party committee and the district government start to respond, the municipal responsible department can send a working group to the scene as needed to guide the emergency response at the district level and coordinate emergency teams, experts, equipment and materials to provide support.

　　4.3.3 Three-level response

　　When the initial judgment of an emergency meets one of the following conditions, the municipal department in charge of disposal will start on the basis of four-level response:

　　(1) unexpected events may reach a larger level;

　　(2) It is necessary to co-ordinate multiple municipal departments or units for common disposal;

　　(3) It is necessary to mobilize municipal emergency teams and emergency materials as the main resources for disposal.

　　By the relevant special headquarters or temporary emergency headquarters is responsible for the command, according to the need to coordinate the relevant municipal departments to carry out rescue and disposal. The responsible comrades of the municipal department in charge of disposal should immediately rush to the scene, and form the on-site command together with the relevant departments and units of the city and the district government where the incident occurred, and bring the on-site command at the district level into unified leadership.

　　According to the needs, the Deputy Secretary-General in charge of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government rushed to the scene to set up the headquarters, among which: the Deputy Secretary-General in charge served as the commander-in-chief and exercised the power of decision-making and administrative coordination on important issues; The responsible comrades of the municipal department or emergency response team shall be responsible for the execution of the command and exercise the right of professional disposal.

　　4.3.4 Secondary response

　　When the initial judgment of an emergency meets one of the following conditions, the municipal emergency committee, the municipal party committee’s leading body for dealing with major public health emergencies, the municipal party committee’s safe Beijing construction leading group and other leading and commanding bodies will start on the basis of three-level response according to the suggestions of relevant municipal departments:

　　(1) emergencies may reach a major level;

　　(2) It is necessary to dispatch several municipal special headquarters for joint disposal, which takes a long time and is difficult to handle;

　　(3) Other circumstances that the relevant city leaders consider necessary.

　　The relevant municipal leadership and command institutions shall be responsible for the command, and the relevant municipal special headquarters or temporary emergency headquarters shall be responsible for the implementation of specific disposal work. According to the needs, the leaders in charge of the city rushed to the scene as the commander-in-chief, and the deputy secretary-general of the municipal party Committee and municipal government or the principal responsible comrades of the municipal disposal department served as the executive commander.

　　4.3.5 first-level response

　　When the initial judgment of an emergency meets one of the following conditions, it shall be initiated by the municipal party committee and the municipal government on the basis of secondary response:

　　(1) emergencies may reach a particularly significant level;

　　(2) It needs the authorization of the central and state emergency command agencies to command and dispose or jointly command and dispose;

　　(3) other circumstances that are considered necessary by the principal responsible comrades of the municipal party committee and municipal government.

　　Under the unified leadership of the municipal party committee, the municipal emergency committee, the municipal party committee’s leading body for dealing with major public health emergencies, the municipal party committee’s safe Beijing construction leading group, or the leadership and command organization specially set up according to needs shall be responsible for guiding, coordinating and organizing the response, and the special working organization under the leadership and command organization shall be responsible for implementing the specific command and disposal work.

　　The commander-in-chief of the leadership and command organization specially established according to needs is the principal responsible comrades of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, and the members are the municipal leaders in charge of relevant fields and the principal responsible comrades of relevant municipal departments responsible for emergency prevention and disposal, as well as the necessary responsible comrades of relevant state departments, troops stationed in Beijing, central units in Beijing and related units in neighboring provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities such as Tianjin and Hebei. The comprehensive work is undertaken by the general office of the municipal party committee, the general office of the municipal government and the principal responsible departments for municipal disposal.

　　4.3.6 Expanded response

　　When the Party Central Committee and the State Council started or set up a national emergency command organization, and started the corresponding level of response in accordance with the relevant provisions, the relevant departments and units of the city under the unified command of the national emergency command organization, do a good job in various emergency disposal work.

　　Need to enter a state of emergency in some parts of the city, in accordance with the law in the name of the municipal government to the State Council decision; Need to enter a state of emergency in the city, according to the relevant provisions of the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) emergency response law", submitted to the the State Council submitted to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for decision before implementation.

　　After the occurrence of particularly serious emergencies, the relevant leadership and command institutions will judge the disaster situation, and when they think that assistance from the international community is needed, they will submit it to the Party Central Committee and the State Council for decision in the name of the municipal party committee and municipal government after being examined and approved by the main leaders of the municipal party committee and municipal government.

　　4.4 Field Command

　　4.4.1 Establishment of field headquarters

　　In accordance with the relevant provisions of the plan, the municipal or district disposal department will take the lead in setting up the on-site command.

　　The on-site command is composed of the commander-in-chief, the executive commander and the leaders of each working group, and the commander-in-chief responsibility system is implemented. The commander-in-chief exercises the power of decision-making and administrative coordination on important matters, and executes the command to exercise the power of professional disposal. The executive command should be held by personnel who are familiar with the emergency plan, have strong organization, command and coordination skills, and have certain practical experience in emergency handling and rescue.

　　The on-site headquarters can choose to set up working groups such as comprehensive coordination group, professional disposal group, publicity information group, public security traffic group, accident investigation group, communication support group, medical rescue group, logistics support group and expert consultant group, and determine the contact person and communication mode.

　　4.4.2 Field command and coordination

　　All relevant departments and relevant units and districts involved in emergency handling should immediately mobilize their relevant personnel and emergency teams to rush to the scene. All forces and social organizations that arrive at the scene of an emergency should report to the on-site headquarters in time and accept the task, accept the unified command and dispatch of the on-site headquarters, strictly abide by the work requirements of traffic management and information release, and report the on-site situation and the progress of disposal work in time to realize information sharing among all parties.

　　After the establishment of the municipal on-site command, the district-level on-site commander and necessary personnel were incorporated into the municipal on-site command, and the district-level on-site command continued to lead the district-level on-site emergency response work in a unified way.

　　When the national emergency command organization sets up a front command in this city, or sends a central working group or a departmental working group to this city, the municipal on-site command will dock with it and accept business guidance, so as to do a good job of corresponding guarantee.

　　4.4.3 Field coordination and linkage

　　The on-site command should maintain the public order in the incident area, do a good job in traffic security, personnel rescue and evacuation, mass resettlement, etc., and make every effort to prevent the further expansion of emergencies and the occurrence of secondary and derivative disasters; Keep abreast of the progress of the incident and report to the municipal party Committee and municipal government at any time; Combined with the actual situation on site, make a comprehensive analysis and rapid evaluation of emergencies, and study and determine the on-site emergency response plan as soon as possible; Formulate feasible preventive measures and rescue procedures, and equip with safety protection equipment that meets the requirements to ensure the safety of rescue workers on site; Issue orders according to the disposal plan, mobilize emergency materials in an all-round way, repair damaged public facilities, and provide emergency treatment work such as shelter, daily necessities and medical aid to the endangered personnel.

　　According to the level and type of emergencies, the department in charge of disposal shall timely send an expert advisory group composed of personnel with rich experience in emergency disposal in this field and relevant scientific research personnel to participate in the disposal work together. The expert advisory group shall, according to the information reported and collected, analyze and judge the whole incident and evaluate the situation, study and put forward measures for disaster reduction and relief, and provide decision-making consultation for the on-site command.

　　The on-site command should keep track of the progress of the situation at any time. Once it is found that the situation has a further expansion trend and may be beyond its control ability, it should promptly report to the municipal party committee and the municipal government to coordinate and allocate other emergency resources to participate in the disposal work; Inform the areas where the incident may affect the situation, and issue an early warning to the society through the media when necessary. Departments, units and districts related to emergencies should take the initiative to provide relevant basic information to the on-site headquarters and relevant departments involved in disposal, so as to provide convenient conditions for emergency disposal and rescue work.

　　In case of foreign-related emergencies, the Foreign Affairs Office of the municipal government, the information office of the municipal government and other relevant departments should participate in the relevant work of the on-site command and coordinate the disposal of related foreign-related affairs according to the needs and division of responsibilities.

　　On-site headquarters may take corresponding compulsory measures and other necessary measures in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and rules.

　　4.5 Disposal measures

　　4.5.1 After natural disasters and accidents, the district government, the administrative committee of key areas or the relevant special headquarters of the city, the relevant departments and units of the city should take one or more of the following emergency measures:

　　(1) under the premise of ensuring the safety of emergency rescue personnel, organize rescue and treatment of victims, evacuate, evacuate and properly place threatened personnel and take other rescue measures;

　　(2) Quickly control dangerous sources, mark dangerous areas, block dangerous places, delimit warning zones, implement traffic control, restrict the flow of people and take other control measures. Traffic, public security and other departments should ensure the priority arrangement, dispatch and release of emergency rescue vehicles, and ensure the timely and safe delivery of emergency rescue materials and personnel;

　　(3) immediately repair damaged public facilities such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, power supply, gas supply, heating, radio and television; If it is difficult to recover in a short time, it is necessary to implement a temporary transition plan to ensure that social production and life are basically normal;

　　(4) Prohibit or restrict the use of relevant equipment and facilities, close or restrict the use of relevant places, suspend crowded activities or production and business activities that may lead to the expansion of hazards, and take other protective measures;

　　(5) Activate the emergency relief materials in reserve, call other urgently needed materials, equipment, facilities and tools when necessary, and temporarily requisition hotels, schools, exhibition halls, stadiums, vehicles and related facilities and equipment;

　　(6) Organize citizens, legal persons and other organizations to participate in emergency response and rescue work, and require personnel with specific expertise to provide services;

　　(7) Providing shelter and daily necessities such as food, salt, drinking water and fuel to the endangered personnel;

　　(8) Strictly punish hoarding, price gouging, making and selling fake products and other behaviors that disrupt market order, stabilize market prices and maintain market order;

　　(9) Strictly punish the acts of looting property, interfering with emergency disposal and other acts that disrupt social order according to law, and maintain social order;

　　(10) Enter relevant places to inspect and seal up articles;

　　(11) Dismantling and moving facilities, equipment or other obstacles that hinder emergency response and rescue;

　　(12) Take necessary measures to prevent the occurrence of secondary and derivative events;

　　(13) Other emergency measures stipulated by relevant laws, regulations and rules.

　　4.5.2 After the occurrence of public health emergencies, under the unified command of the city’s leading institutions to deal with major public health emergencies, the district government, the administrative committee of key areas or the relevant departments and units of the city shall take one or more of the following measures according to law:

　　(1) carry out screening measures such as pathogen detection for specific people, places and regional organizations, accurately determine the prevention and control targets, and narrow the scope of prevention and control;

　　(2) Determine the designated treatment hospitals, standby hospitals, temporary treatment and centralized medical observation places, etc.

　　(3) Timely treat patients and suspected patients, and manage the close contacts of patients with infectious diseases according to law;

　　(4) Organize epidemiological investigation, implement dynamic monitoring of personnel’s health status, and timely take preventive medication, group protection, emergency vaccination and other measures for vulnerable people and other vulnerable people;

　　(5) Implement traffic health quarantine, and control roads, transportation hubs and vehicles;

　　(6) to carry out environmental monitoring and disinfection in key places and regions such as designated hospitals, isolated treatment places, sewage treatment stations, centralized food trading markets, cold chain storage and logistics facilities, and communities (villages) with specific cases;

　　(7) to supervise the whole process of production, processing, storage, transportation and sales of drinking water and food, to detect the food and its outer packaging from the epidemic area, and to strengthen health management for employees in catering, logistics, transportation, food production and operation industries;

　　(8) Stop work, suspend business, suspend classes, restrict or stop using relevant public places, and restrict or stop crowd gathering activities;

　　(9) Strictly manage the personnel entering and leaving Beijing, and implement community closure and residents’ access management;

　　(10) Other measures that need to be taken to reduce or eliminate the damage caused or likely to be caused by public health emergencies.

　　4.5.3 After the social security incident, according to the incident, the political and legal departments immediately organized relevant departments and units, and the public security organs took one or more of the following emergency measures according to the nature and characteristics of the incident:

　　(1) Understand and analyze the cause of the incident as soon as possible, carry out legal publicity and persuasion education in a targeted manner, and promptly ease and resolve contradictions and conflicts;

　　(2) Maintain public order at the scene, impose compulsory isolation on the parties who use equipment to confront each other or participate in the conflict by violence, properly resolve disputes and disputes at the scene, and control the development of the situation;

　　(3) Control buildings, vehicles, equipment, facilities and the supply of fuel, gas, electricity and water in specific areas, and control networks and communications according to law when necessary;

　　(4) Blocking the relevant places and roads, checking the identity documents of on-site personnel, and restricting activities in relevant public places;

　　(5) Strengthen the security of vulnerable core organs and units, set up temporary warning lines near state organs, military organs, radio stations, television stations, foreign embassies and consulates in China and other units, and strengthen the safety protection of important personnel, places, parts and landmark buildings;

　　(6) When an incident that seriously endangers social order occurs, immediately dispatch police according to law, intensify social inspection, patrol and control, and take corresponding compulsory measures according to the site conditions to restore social order to normal as soon as possible;

　　(7) Other necessary measures stipulated by relevant laws, regulations and rules.

　　4.5.4 The lead coordination departments and support departments for emergency support work such as transportation, medical rescue, energy supply, communication support, on-site information, emergency rescue materials and equipment, natural disaster relief, social order, news and publicity should organize and guide each district to prepare relevant emergency plans for support, urge the construction of the support system and improve the rapid response linkage mechanism.

　　4.6 Social mobilization

　　4.6.1 Municipal or district governments and administrative committees of key areas shall, according to actual needs, mobilize citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and cooperate with the government and relevant departments to do a good job in self-help and mutual rescue, road guidance, logistics support and order maintenance.

　　4.6.2 Social mobilization for emergencies within the city shall be reported to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for approval by the municipal party committee and municipal government. Municipal Social Work Committee Civil Affairs Bureau, Municipal Agricultural Work Committee Municipal Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Capital Spiritual Civilization Office and Municipal Emergency Office are responsible for the city’s social mobilization and coordinate the work of relevant departments. People’s organizations and social organizations such as the Communist Youth League Committee, the Municipal Red Cross Society, and the Municipal Volunteer Service Federation assist in social mobilization. Social mobilization for emergencies within the district shall be reported to the municipal government for approval and to the State Council for the record. Social mobilization in a small area shall be decided and implemented by each district and reported to the municipal government for the record.

　　4.7 Information release and public opinion guidance

　　4.7.1 Information release

　　The emergency information release work shall be managed and coordinated by the propaganda department in conjunction with the responsible department in accordance with the relevant provisions of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and this Municipality, and the coordination group for emergency news and publicity work shall be responsible for the specific organization and coordination.

　　After an emergency occurs, the relevant district government and municipal departments in charge of disposal should respond quickly and speak out in time. In case of a major emergency, brief information should be released to the public through authoritative media at the first time, and it should be released within 5 hours at the latest, followed by preliminary verification, government response measures and public preventive measures, and follow-up release should be done according to the incident disposal.

　　After the occurrence of major and especially major emergencies, under the organization and coordination of the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, a publicity group of the on-site headquarters attended by relevant municipal departments and units will be established, or the information office of the municipal government will take the lead in setting up an emergency news release center within 24 hours, appoint a spokesperson, be responsible for the news release organization and on-site interview management, and release emergency information in a timely, accurate and objective manner. For public health and social security incidents, corresponding work shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Without the approval of the relevant emergency command organization, all relevant units and individuals involved in emergency response shall not release information about emergency response and development without authorization, such as the cause of the incident, the number of casualties, and the accountability. No unit or individual may fabricate or disseminate false information about emergency response and developments.

　　4.7.2 Public opinion guidance

　　The propaganda department, in conjunction with the online information, public security, the department in charge of handling and other units and the district government where the incident occurred, collects and sorts out public opinion information such as the internet and the public hotline, promptly verifies and solves the problems reflected by the public, gives positive response and positive guidance, and promptly clarifies and publishes accurate information for false and negative information.

　　When emergencies are beyond the control of this Municipality, the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee shall report to the Central Propaganda Department for unified coordination and organization of news release related work. For emergencies that may attract the attention of the international community, the foreign reporting work should be jointly organized by the responsible department in conjunction with the Propaganda Department of the Municipal Party Committee, the Information Office of the Municipal Government, the Foreign Affairs Office of the Municipal Government and other departments, and all news media should strictly abide by the relevant provisions on emergency news reporting.

　　4.8 End of emergency

　　When the emergency handling work has been basically completed, and the secondary, derivative and incident hazards have been basically eliminated, the emergency command organization that initiated the response can announce the end of the emergency, or gradually stop the relevant emergency handling measures, evacuate the emergency team and staff in an orderly manner, and timely notify all relevant units involved in the incident handling, and release the information of the end of the emergency to the society when necessary.

　　5 Recovery and reconstruction

　　5.1 aftermath disposal

　　5.1.1 Under the unified leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, the relevant municipal departments and relevant units and the administrative committees of districts and key areas shall be responsible for the after-care work, formulate the recovery and reconstruction plans and after-care measures in a timely manner, and organize their implementation. When necessary, with the approval of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, start the emergency rescue headquarters or set up the leading body of the city’s aftermath.

　　5.1.2 Emergency management, health and public security departments take the lead, and organize relevant departments and professional technical forces to be responsible for statistics, verification and reporting of losses caused by natural disasters, accidents, public health incidents and social security incidents in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　5.1.3 The planning and natural resources department is responsible for the site selection and scheme design of residents’ housing and basic supporting facilities in areas affected by emergencies, the housing and urban-rural construction department is responsible for the organization and implementation of residents’ housing construction, and the district government where the incident occurred is responsible for the proper resettlement of residents; Health, agriculture, rural areas and other departments are responsible for disease control, the ecological environment department puts forward suggestions on pollution disposal after the accident, and the district government and key area management committees in the incident area are responsible for on-site cleaning up and eliminating environmental pollution; Urban management, water supply, transportation and other departments organize the repair of damaged urban infrastructure, and the responsible department for disposal shall, jointly with the finance, development and reform departments, formulate compensation standards and measures that should be compensated by the government, and the district government where the incident occurred shall do a good job in requisition compensation; The audit department shall supervise the arrangement, allocation and use of compensation materials and funds, and implement follow-up audit when necessary; The district government where the incident occurred organized township governments (street offices) to do a good job in social management in the affected areas and cooperate with relevant departments to do a good job in the management, allocation and distribution of relief funds and materials.

　　5.2 Social Assistance and Pension

　　5.2.1 After the natural disaster, the emergency management department takes the lead in launching emergency response, making overall plans for life assistance in the emergency period and transition period of the disaster area, restoration and reconstruction of houses damaged due to the disaster, appropriately increasing assistance to families in need, strengthening the effective connection between relief for the affected people and other social assistance policies, and ensuring the basic livelihood of the affected people.

　　5.2.2 After other emergencies occur, the department in charge of incident handling shall, jointly with the emergency management department, do a good job in personnel placement and living security during the emergency. The civil affairs department shall provide temporary assistance to families and personnel who have serious difficulties in their basic life temporarily due to emergencies. In the process of emergency rescue, special attention should be paid to the old, young, sick, disabled, pregnant, vagrants and beggars, stranded people and other groups to strengthen the basic living security.

　　5.2.3 After an emergency occurs, the civil affairs department and the department in charge of incident handling will take the lead, jointly with relevant departments and social organizations, establish an emergency donation mechanism, organize public fund-raising activities according to law, timely release information on rescue needs, and guide the public and charitable organizations to carry out donation activities in an orderly manner. The Red Cross, charitable associations and other people’s organizations, social public welfare organizations and organizations shall actively carry out mutual aid, regular disaster relief donation activities and special fund-raising activities in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, rules and their respective work regulations; Strengthen exchanges and cooperation with international organizations such as the International Red Cross, and actively absorb international donations of relief funds and materials.

　　5.2.4 The judicial administrative department shall organize legal aid institutions and relevant social forces to provide legal aid to persons involved in emergencies according to law and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

　　5.2.5 Trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations, the Red Cross and other people’s organizations shall assist health departments to carry out psychological counseling, comfort and other psychological crisis interventions.

　　5.2.6 Civil affairs, veterans affairs and other departments shall, jointly with the emergency management and finance departments, provide comfort or pension to the casualties caused by the disaster and those who are killed or injured in the disposal work, and at the same time give necessary assistance; Confirm the courageous behavior; Carry out martyr evaluation work for those who have died in the line of duty in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　5.3 Insurance

　　5.3.1 After an emergency occurs, the insurance supervision department of the bank shall be responsible for urging the insurance institutions to carry out insurance acceptance and compensation work in a timely manner. The relevant departments of the city and district shall timely notify the bank insurance supervision department and insurance institutions of the losses, and assist in the insurance claim settlement and dispute settlement.

　　5.3.2 Relevant departments and units of each district and city shall purchase personal accident insurance for emergency rescue personnel to reduce the personal risks of emergency rescue personnel.

　　5.3.3 Establish and improve the disaster risk insurance system, and encourage units and citizens to participate in insurance. We will promote the catastrophe insurance system and carry out insurance for safety production, environmental pollution and food safety liability.

　　5.4 Investigation and evaluation

　　5.4.1 After an emergency occurs, the relevant responsible departments will take the lead in organizing the investigation, handling and accountability of emergencies in a timely manner in accordance with People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law, Regulations on Reporting, Investigation and Handling of Production Safety Accidents, Interim Provisions on Implementing the Accountability of Leading Cadres of the Party and Government, Measures for Implementing People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law in Beijing, Regulations on Safety in Production in Beijing and other relevant laws, regulations and rules.

　　The organization responsible for organizing the investigation of emergencies shall set up an investigation team according to the specific circumstances of emergencies, and may hire relevant experts to participate.

　　5.4.2 After the emergency treatment of major and particularly major emergencies is completed, the department in charge of emergency treatment will take the lead to carry out a summary assessment of emergency response and form a summary assessment report in view of the emergency system construction, monitoring and early warning and risk prevention, command and disposal, rescue and other work at the incident site (unit). After the emergency disposal of general and major emergencies is completed, the department in charge of disposal or the relevant district shall take the lead in organizing the summary and evaluation of the response work according to the needs.

　　5.4.3 Where the relevant laws, regulations and rules or the State Council and its relevant departments have other provisions on the investigation and evaluation of emergencies, such provisions shall prevail.

　　5.5 Supervision and inspection accountability and rewards and punishments

　　5.5.1 The municipal party committee and municipal government shall establish and improve the leadership responsibility system and accountability system for emergency management according to relevant regulations; Organizations and individuals who have made outstanding achievements shall be commended or rewarded in accordance with relevant regulations, and those who have not completed their tasks shall be informed criticism and instructed to make rectification within a time limit.

　　5.5.2 In case of failure to formulate or revise the emergency plan as required, failure to perform relevant duties as stipulated in the emergency plan, which leads to the occurrence of emergencies or the expansion of hazards, failure to obey the unified command of the Party committee and government at a higher level, late reporting, omission and concealment of emergency information, failure to organize production self-help and rehabilitation work in time, interception, misappropriation and misappropriation of emergency funds, etc., the relevant responsible personnel shall be given disciplinary and administrative sanctions according to relevant regulations; Anyone suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for criminal responsibility according to law.

　　6 emergency support

　　6.1 Emergency Team Support

　　6.1.1 National comprehensive fire rescue team

　　Beijing Fire and Rescue Corps is the main force of emergency response and rescue in the capital region, undertaking comprehensive fire and rescue work, and being responsible for commanding and dispatching rescue operations related to disasters and accidents.

　　6.1.2 Professional emergency team

　　Professional emergency teams are the backbone of emergency response and rescue. They are mainly set up by emergency management, network information, economy and information technology, public security, ecological environment, transportation, water affairs, housing and urban construction, agriculture and rural areas, sanitation and health, urban management, publicity and other departments at the municipal and district levels according to the division of functions and actual needs, and undertake professional response and rescue responsibilities in various industries (fields).

　　The Municipal Emergency Committee leads the planning and construction of the municipal professional emergency team in a unified way, and is identified and managed by the Municipal Emergency Office. City-related special headquarters, relevant departments and relevant units make overall plans for the construction and management of municipal professional emergency teams in this industry (field). Departments that have not established a municipal professional emergency team should establish a professional emergency team use mechanism with relevant departments according to actual work needs.

　　After the occurrence of an emergency, the relevant municipal departments and units responsible for or involved in emergency response have the right to call the relevant professional emergency teams at the municipal level according to the nature and characteristics of the emergency. After the professional emergency team arrived at the scene of the incident, they accepted the unified command and dispatch of the on-site headquarters. According to the needs, the Municipal Emergency Committee will mobilize professional emergency teams to perform tasks outside Beijing. Relevant municipal departments and units shall report to the Municipal Emergency Office in a timely manner when mobilizing professional emergency teams to perform tasks outside Beijing according to the requirements of relevant state departments.

　　The relevant departments and units of the city signed an emergency rescue service guarantee agreement with relevant enterprises, and adopted government funding, contractual agreement and entrustment. Every year, the government provided certain duty standby, equipment purchase and maintenance, and rescue compensation expenses.

　　6.1.3 grass-roots emergency teams

　　Grass-roots emergency teams are an important force to be dealt with in advance at the first time. They are organized by all districts as a whole, relying on people with safety management-related responsibilities such as urban coordinators, disaster information officers, mass monitoring and prevention officers, grass-roots grid officers and adult community volunteers, police officers, medical personnel and other personnel with relevant knowledge, experience and qualifications in streets (towns) and communities (villages) to form grass-roots emergency teams.

　　6.1.4 Social Emergency Team

　　The social emergency team is an auxiliary force for emergency treatment and rescue, which is the responsibility of the relevant departments at two levels in the urban area, and provides guidance and support in the organization, technical equipment, ability training, training drills and life insurance for rescue operations. By perfecting laws, regulations and rules, establishing a service cooperation platform and establishing a joint training mechanism with professional emergency teams, we will give full play to the role of the Red Cross, the Communist Youth League and emergency volunteers, and encourage enterprises, institutions, social organizations and individual citizens to participate in the publicity, education and popularization of public safety and emergency response knowledge in an orderly manner, as well as emergency rescue, health and epidemic prevention, mass resettlement, emergency repair of facilities and psychological comfort.

　　6.1.5 Emergency Force of Troops in Beijing

　　The troops stationed in Beijing are the assault forces for emergency response and rescue, which are composed of the Central Theater, the Beijing Garrison, the Beijing Armed Police Corps, the reserve forces and the militia, and participate in the emergency response work in this city in accordance with relevant regulations. According to the requirements of emergency mission capability, equip with necessary equipment and strengthen targeted training and drills. Relevant departments and units of the city should strengthen communication and docking, information sharing and joint drills with the troops stationed in Beijing, so as to improve the ability of coordinated response.

　　6.1.6 Emergency expert team

　　The team of emergency experts is the supporting force for emergency treatment and rescue. The relevant departments of the city have established an emergency expert team composed of experts and scholars and experienced administrative personnel in the fields of natural disasters, accidents and disasters, public health incidents, social security incidents and comprehensive management. According to the needs, the emergency expert team provides opinions and suggestions for the long-term public safety planning, information system construction and management, and the latest development trend tracking of disaster science in Beijing. Study and evaluate the occurrence and development trend of emergencies, disaster relief plans, disposal measures, disaster losses and recovery plans, and put forward relevant suggestions; Provide scientific and effective decision-making consultation for emergency response.

　　6.1.7 The municipal and district financial departments shall, in accordance with the current principle of division of powers and financial resources, incorporate the emergency team construction funds into the fiscal budget at the same level, and gradually explore the establishment of diversified funding channels.

　　6.2 Technical Support of Command System

　　6.2.1 The Municipal Emergency Office is responsible for organizing the planning, with the cooperation of relevant municipal departments and relevant units, administrative committees of various districts and key areas, and establishing the technical support system for emergency command in this Municipality to meet the command requirements for dealing with emergencies in various complicated situations. It mainly includes: emergency management information system, wired communication dispatching system, wireless communication command system, image monitoring system, computer network application system, comprehensive support system, video conference system, mobile command system, early warning information release system, etc. Strengthen the construction of mobile command equipment such as emergency command vehicles and drones, and improve the level of on-site command and support.

　　6.2.2 Emergency management, planning of natural resources, economy and informatization, and confidential departments are responsible for organizing, and relevant municipal departments and relevant units, administrative committees of districts and key areas cooperate to establish a long-term mechanism for updating and maintaining emergency geospatial information resources. Relevant departments and districts of the city gradually establish and improve emergency management information resource database, and establish various risk and hidden danger monitoring databases, professional databases, emergency plan databases, emergency expert database, emergency team database, emergency material database, emergency shelter database, and auxiliary decision-making knowledge database, so as to maintain and update in time, ensure data quality, and realize auxiliary decision-making and support for emergency command.

　　6.2.3 The public security department takes the lead, and the economic and information departments and districts cooperate to strengthen the construction of all kinds of public safety video surveillance systems in the city, further intensify the integration of image information resources, and improve the image information management system in this city.

　　6.2.4 Relevant municipal departments and relevant units, administrative committees of districts and key areas, in combination with their daily work, carry out research on early warning, analysis and evaluation models to improve the decision-making level of preventing and handling major emergencies.

　　6.2.5 emergency headquarters Office of Municipal Communications Guarantee takes the lead, and all relevant units participate, to integrate and improve the emergency command communication network system, and to form an emergency communication system covering cities, districts, streets (towns) and communities (villages) with wired government private network, 800-megabit wireless government private network and public communication network as the core; When the network is interrupted or there is a blind area, an emergency mobile communication support vehicle will be deployed, and satellite, microwave and other communication means will be used to ensure the smooth emergency communication network at the scene of the incident.

　　6.2.6 The science and technology department is responsible for establishing emergency management-related technology development system, strengthening the research on emergency management science and technology innovation mechanism and technical support system to deal with emergencies, relying on the scientific research institutions in the capital and drawing lessons from international advanced experience; Support a number of key enterprises and institutions with independent intellectual property rights and core technologies in the fields of public safety and emergency management, focus on strengthening the research and development of intelligent emergency command and communication, auxiliary decision-making, special rescue and other technical equipment, and put forward scientific equipment plans.

　　6.3 Transportation Security

　　Led by the Municipal Transportation Commission, the Civil Aviation North China Regional Administration, China Railway Beijing Bureau Group Co., Ltd. and other units cooperate to establish and improve the linkage mechanism of transportation security.

　　After the emergency, the departments of transportation, housing and urban construction, urban management and water affairs organized professional emergency teams to restore the damaged roads, rail transit, railways, airports and related facilities as soon as possible to ensure smooth traffic routes. The public security traffic management department shall set up a "green channel" for emergency rescue as needed. When necessary, the transportation facilities and equipment of other departments and society can be mobilized and requisitioned urgently.

　　Public security, emergency management, fire protection, health and Red Cross and other departments and units actively strengthen the construction of air rescue forces, establish and improve the air rescue command and dispatch and comprehensive support mechanism, and improve the air emergency rescue capability.

　　6.4 Material and equipment support

　　6.4.1 This Municipality shall establish and improve the emergency material reserve guarantee system that combines peacetime service with disaster emergency, and physical reserve with capacity reserve, so as to realize centralized management and unified allocation of emergency materials.

　　The emergency management department takes the lead in improving the emergency material reserve management system, formulating the emergency material reserve plan and organizing its implementation, establishing a unified and interconnected emergency material information platform and allocation mechanism, and uniformly dispatching during disaster relief.

　　The departments in charge of emergency management, commerce, grain, storage and disposal shall, jointly with the departments of planning, natural resources and finance, respectively build the supervision, production, procurement, storage, renewal, supplement, allocation and emergency distribution systems of emergency materials in their own industries (fields) to ensure the timely supply of materials needed for emergencies.

　　The departments of economy and informatization, planning natural resources, development and reform, market supervision, commerce, science and technology, finance, etc. shall do a good job in the planning and layout of emergency materials, certification and approval, construction and production, R&D innovation, encouragement and support, etc. according to their responsibilities, and enhance the rapid production and sustainable production capacity of important materials under the conditions of disasters. Relevant departments and units of the city shall, according to the needs, sign contracts with relevant enterprises by means of capacity reserve to ensure the production and supply of emergency materials.

　　6.4.2 The departments of emergency management, development and reform, commerce, grain and reserve, market supervision, agriculture and rural areas are responsible for grasping the changes of the total demand, reserve and operating inventory, production capacity, sales and price of the daily necessities market in this city, monitoring the market and implementing the emergency plan after the emergency mechanism is started, mobilizing the existing stocks of large-scale production enterprises and operating enterprises of daily necessities to put them on the market, and organizing suburban production bases and social commercial stocks to enrich the retail market. Drug administration, health and health departments are responsible for the preparation of emergency drugs and materials storage catalogue and plan, organize the implementation of emergency drugs, materials and equipment in emergency medical treatment base, and be responsible for emergency drug storage and supply. The grain and reserve departments are responsible for ensuring the physical reserves of basic living materials.

　　6.4.3 Relevant municipal departments and units shall, according to their own emergency rescue business requirements and the principle of "combining peacetime with wartime", equip on-site rescue and engineering rescue equipment and equipment, and establish corresponding maintenance, maintenance and call systems; The main department in charge of disposal puts forward the demand for emergency materials according to the disposal needs, and issues the instruction of emergency material allocation after being approved by the leaders in charge of the city. The State Council and its relevant departments, other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities need to allocate emergency materials in this Municipality, which shall be coordinated by the Municipal Emergency Committee.

　　6.4.4 Relevant municipal departments should make full use of external resources, and actively establish supply channels for materials adjustment with relevant state departments, armed forces and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, as an effective supplement to the city’s emergency material reserve system, in case of material shortage.

　　6.4.5 This Municipality shall promote the family emergency material reserve according to law. When necessary, requisition equipment, facilities, venues, vehicles and materials needed for emergency rescue from units and individuals in the name of the government, and require enterprises that produce and supply daily necessities and emergency rescue materials to organize production and ensure supply.

　　6.5 medical and health security

　　According to the principle of "graded treatment and seamless connection", the rescue is organized and implemented in different stages, such as on-site rescue, pre-hospital first aid and specialist treatment. Beijing Emergency Medical Rescue Center (120) is responsible for on-site rescue and pre-hospital first aid in emergency treatment; Hospitals at all levels are responsible for follow-up treatment. According to the relevant emergency plan, the health department quickly organized medical rescue teams to enter the disaster relief site to treat the wounded and take effective measures to prevent and control the outbreak of infectious diseases in the disaster area; Check and monitor the safety of drinking water in disaster areas in time in conjunction with water affairs, ecological environment and other departments; In conjunction with the market supervision department, timely check the food safety situation in the disaster area. The drug supervision department is responsible for quickly organizing the provision of needed drugs and medical devices to areas affected by emergencies.

　　6.6 Public security guarantee

　　6.6.1 After an emergency occurs, the public security department, streets (towns) and communities (villages) in the incident area are responsible for public security, and immediately set up warning zones and warning posts around the emergency disposal site to do a good job in on-site control, traffic control, evacuation and rescue of the masses, and maintenance of public order.

　　6.6.2 The public security department takes the lead, and the Beijing Armed Police Corps provides assistance and cooperation, and undertakes the security of important places, targets and disaster relief facilities; Streets (townships) and communities (villages) should actively mobilize and organize social forces to carry out self-help and mutual rescue, prevent and treat by groups, and fully safeguard social stability in emergency areas.

　　6.6.3 When there are inflammable and explosive dangerous goods at the scene of an emergency or fire, electricity leakage, water leakage, air leakage, etc. occur, the pre-disposal personnel shall immediately notify the relevant competent departments to implement measures such as explosion removal, fire extinguishing, power cut-off, water cut-off and gas cut-off, so as to remove the dangerous goods at the scene and avoid secondary disasters.

　　6.7 Emergency shelter protection

　　After an emergency occurs, the district government will open emergency shelters according to the degree of emergency and the development of the situation, and organize residents to take refuge according to the evacuation plan. The relevant departments of the city and district shall, according to their respective responsibilities, provide necessary protection to ensure the normal life of the asylum seekers.

　　6.8 Financial guarantee

　　6.8.1 According to the relevant provisions of the Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China, the government reserve fund is arranged in an appropriate proportion of the fiscal expenditure every year as the emergency reserve fund of public finance. The municipal and district financial departments should set up special reserve funds for emergencies in the general expenditure budget, and gradually increase the proportion of funds extraction according to the needs of urban public safety management.

　　6.8.2 The municipal and district finance departments shall be responsible for the management of special reserve funds for emergencies and public finance emergency reserve funds. After an emergency occurs, adjust the departmental budget structure according to the actual situation, cut the departmental expenditure budget, and concentrate financial resources to deal with emergencies; After the approval of the municipal government, special reserve funds for emergencies will be started, and public finance emergency reserve funds will be used when necessary.

　　6.8.3 According to the principle of "urgent matters should be handled urgently", simplify the work links, and complete the relevant procedures within 1 working day for the funding approved by the municipal government to ensure the smooth progress of emergency handling.

　　6.8.4 Financial and auditing departments at all levels shall supervise and evaluate the use and effect of financial emergency guarantee funds for emergencies.

　　6.8.5 The emergency prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning required by the relevant departments of the city and district shall be included in the departmental budget, and the financial department at the same level shall guarantee it. Encourage citizens, legal persons and other organizations to provide financial assistance to deal with emergencies.

　　6.9 Legal guarantee

　　6.9.1 During the occurrence and continuation of emergencies, the municipal and district governments shall formulate and issue emergency decisions and orders according to the needs.

　　6.9.2 During the occurrence, continuation and aftermath of emergencies, the Municipal Bureau of Justice shall provide legal advice on emergency response according to the requirements of the municipal government, and organize a team of lawyers in this Municipality to provide legal support for emergency response as appropriate.

　　6.9.3 Decisions and orders made by the municipal and district governments to deal with emergencies shall be reported to the Standing Committee of the people’s congress at the corresponding level for the record; After the emergency handling work is completed, a special work report shall be made to the Standing Committee of the people’s congress at the corresponding level.

　　7 Plan management

　　7.1 formulation and filing

　　7.1.1 The Municipal Emergency Office is responsible for the construction of the emergency plan system of this Municipality, organizing the relevant special headquarters of this Municipality, relevant departments of this Municipality and relevant units to formulate and revise municipal special emergency plans, departmental emergency plans and catastrophe emergency plans, and comprehensively coordinating the connection between municipal special plans and departmental emergency plans. All districts and streets (townships) shall formulate corresponding emergency plans according to the superior emergency plan system and the actual situation in the region.

　　7.1.2 The emergency plan shall be prepared on the basis of risk assessment and emergency resource investigation to ensure the operability of the emergency plan. In the process of preparing the emergency plan, it is encouraged to simulate the emergency scene through scenario construction to test the effectiveness of all measures in the emergency plan.

　　7.1.3 Relevant departments and units of the city shall, according to the requirements of emergency plans involving their own departments and units and in combination with actual needs, do a good job in compiling supporting documents such as emergency work manuals and incident response action plans.

　　7.1.4 The overall emergency plans of cities, districts and streets (townships) shall be reported to the people’s governments at higher levels for the record respectively; The special emergency plan shall be copied to the relevant lead department of the people’s government at a higher level for the record; Department emergency plans and catastrophe emergency plans shall be reported to the people’s government at the same level for the record. The emergency plan submitted to the municipal government for the record shall be performed by the Municipal Emergency Bureau for the record review and supervision.

　　7.1.5 The emergency plan preparation unit shall establish a regular evaluation system to analyze the pertinence, practicability and operability of the evaluation plan. When there are changes in relevant laws, regulations, rules or the relevant provisions of the superior plan, major adjustments have taken place in the emergency command organization and its responsibilities, major changes have taken place in major risks or important emergency resources, and major adjustments need to be made when problems are found in actual response and emergency drills, the emergency plan should be revised in time to realize dynamic optimization and scientific and standardized management of the emergency plan.

　　7.1.6 The municipal special headquarters offices, relevant municipal departments and relevant units, and the administrative committees of districts and key areas shall regularly check the implementation of emergency plans according to their own systems, fields and local emergency plans.

　　7.2 Emergency drills

　　7.2.1 The Municipal Emergency Office shall co-ordinate the city’s emergency drills, be responsible for the planning, organization and coordination, assessment and comprehensive management of municipal key emergency drills, inspect and guide the city’s comprehensive emergency drills, and regularly organize the city’s cross-departmental and cross-industry (field) emergency drills. In the process of revising the special emergency plans of cities and districts, it is necessary to carry out verification emergency drills.

　　7.2.2 The relevant special headquarters of the city, the relevant departments of the city and relevant units are responsible for the emergency drills of their own systems, fields, departments and units, and strengthen the guidance on the emergency drills of district and grass-roots units, and organize comprehensive emergency drills or individual emergency drills every year; The administrative committees of all districts and key areas are responsible for the comprehensive management of emergency drills in their respective regions, and organize comprehensive emergency drills every year.

　　7.2.3 Emergency drills include five stages: planning and planning, preparation, implementation, evaluation, summary and improvement. Through emergency drills, find and solve problems existing in emergency work, implement post responsibilities, be familiar with the command mechanism and decision-making, coordination and disposal procedures of emergency work, evaluate emergency preparedness, train and test the rapid response ability of emergency teams, improve the coordination and on-site disposal ability among departments, test the feasibility of emergency plans and improve them.

　　7.3 Publicity and training

　　7.3.1 Publicity and education

　　Organized and coordinated by the emergency management and publicity departments, relevant municipal departments and relevant units, administrative committees of districts and key areas formulate publicity and education plans to deal with emergencies, make full use of all kinds of media, extensively carry out publicity and education on laws, regulations, rules and emergency knowledge to deal with emergencies, and enhance citizens’ awareness of risk prevention and emergency knowledge and skills.

　　Municipal Government Information Office, Municipal Civil Air Defense Office, Municipal Red Cross Society and other units under the leadership of the Municipal Emergency Committee, assist the Municipal Emergency Office to carry out publicity, education and training to deal with emergencies.

　　Party and government organs of this Municipality, trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations and other social organizations, enterprises and institutions, and communities (villages) are responsible for organizing the personnel of their own units and regions to carry out publicity and education on emergency laws, regulations, rules and emergency knowledge such as prevention, hedging, self-help and mutual rescue. Education authorities at all levels and schools organize and implement the education of relevant emergency knowledge for students in school.

　　News media and new government media should actively carry out public welfare publicity on emergency prevention and emergency response, self-help and mutual rescue knowledge.

　　7.3.2 Training

　　The Municipal Emergency Office is responsible for organizing and coordinating all relevant departments, giving full play to the role of the emergency management training center for municipal leading cadres, providing training on relevant knowledge of dealing with emergencies for leading cadres at all levels, emergency management cadres, government spokespersons and grassroots cadres of municipal organs, taking emergency response laws, regulations, rules and regulations, prevention, emergency command and comprehensive coordination as important contents, enhancing the safety awareness and responsibility awareness of the staff of municipal organs, and enhancing their ability to deal with emergencies.

　　Relevant departments of the city should strengthen the training of professional emergency teams in this system and this field in accordance with the affiliation and management responsibilities, and improve their professional rescue ability and safety protection skills.

　　The emergency management department organizes and coordinates relevant units and other social organizations to carry out emergency volunteer training, so that they can master the laws, regulations and rules related to emergency management and basic skills in dealing with emergencies, and enhance the ability of on-site organization, self-help and mutual rescue and cooperation with professional emergency teams.

　　8 Supplementary Provisions and Annexes

　　8.1 Description of noun terms and abbreviations

　　Overall emergency plan: it is the overall plan and procedure specification for the municipal, district party committees, governments and key area management committees to organize, manage, direct and coordinate relevant emergency resources and emergency actions within their jurisdiction, and it is the general outline of the local emergency plan system.

　　Special emergency plan: it is a work plan involving the responsibilities of multiple departments formulated in advance by the municipal, district party committees, governments and key area management committees to deal with a certain type or several types of emergencies, or for important special work such as the protection of important targets, the guarantee of major events, and the guarantee of emergency resources.

　　Departmental emergency plan: it is a work plan formulated in advance by the municipal and district party committees, relevant government departments and relevant units in response to emergencies in their own departments (industries and fields) or units, or for the protection of important targets, the guarantee of major activities, and the guarantee of emergency resources, according to the overall emergency plan, special emergency plan and departmental responsibilities.

　　Emergency plan of units and grass-roots organizations: it is a specific action plan or measure formulated by organs, organizations, enterprises and other units and grass-roots organizations according to their own reality to deal with possible emergencies.

　　Emergency Work Manual: it is a work plan for the relevant departments and units involved in the plan to further decompose and refine their responsibilities and tasks, and it is a work guide for the departments and units to deal with emergencies. The relevant departments and units involved in the emergency plan of the government and its departments should prepare corresponding work manuals, refine and concretize each responsibility and task, clarify the work content and process, and implement them to specific responsible units and responsible persons. Emergency work manuals of units and grass-roots organizations can be combined with emergency plans.

　　Emergency response action plan: it is the work arrangement made by rescue teams and experts involved in emergency response according to the requirements of emergency plan, work manual or superior command organization to perform specific tasks and combine with actual conditions. The incident response action plan should specify the specific contents such as team formation, strength preset, command coordination, action anticipation, combat logistics support, communication and liaison, as well as the specific countermeasures and implementation steps.

　　Special emergency headquarters for emergencies: refers to the deliberation and coordination body established for organizing, coordinating and directing the emergency response work of related categories, and composed of relevant municipal leaders (as the chief commander), relevant departments and relevant units.

　　Relevant departments of the city: refers to the relevant departments of the municipal party committee and the municipal government related to the monitoring, early warning, disposal, aftermath and security of emergencies, that is, the relevant departments, commissions, offices and bureaus of the city.

　　Relevant municipal units: refer to relevant municipal people’s organizations, institutions set up by the central vertical management department in this city and other units related to the emergency response work in this city and listed as the constituent units of the Municipal Emergency Committee, but not within the scope of the work departments of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, including the Municipal Red Cross Society, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, the Municipal Communications Administration, Beijing Customs, China Railway Beijing Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Capital Airport Group Corporation, etc.

　　Social mobilization of emergencies: refers to the mobilization preparation, implementation and recovery activities organized by governments at all levels, social organizations, enterprises and institutions in politics, economy, science and technology, education and other aspects when dealing with emergencies.

　　Public finance emergency reserve funds: refers to the government reserve funds arranged according to the appropriate proportion of the municipal and district financial expenditures every year, which can be used for emergency response after approval by the municipal and district governments.

　　Special reserve funds for emergencies: refers to the fixed amount of special funds arranged in the municipal and district budgets every year according to the principle that the balance is not carried forward, which is mainly used for various emergency disposal and rescue, recovery and reconstruction.

　　Emergency drill: refers to a kind of practical activity that all regions, departments, organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions organize relevant units and personnel to simulate emergencies and emergency response process under preset conditions and in accordance with the responsibilities and procedures stipulated in the emergency plan, in order to improve the emergency capacity.

　　Single emergency drill: refers to the drill activities that only involve specific emergency response functions in the emergency plan or a series of emergency response functions in the on-site disposal plan. Pay attention to the specific links and functions of one or a few participating units (posts).

　　Comprehensive emergency drill: refers to the drill activities involving multiple or all emergency response functions in the emergency plan. Pay attention to the inspection of multiple links and functions, especially the inspection of emergency mechanism and joint response ability between different units.

　　8.2 Description of this plan

　　8.2.1 This plan shall be formulated by the municipal government and examined and approved by the municipal party committee and municipal government. The Municipal Emergency Committee is responsible for the interpretation and organization of implementation, and the preparation and revision work is specifically responsible by the Municipal Emergency Office.

　　8.2.2 The Municipal Emergency Office is responsible for the follow-up analysis, supervision and inspection, and comprehensive coordination of the implementation of this plan, and timely organize the assessment according to the needs, and put forward suggestions for revision to the Municipal Emergency Committee.

　　8.2.3 The Beijing Overall Emergency Plan (Revised in 2021) shall come into force as of the date of issuance, and the Notice of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Beijing Overall Emergency Plan (Revised in 2016) (J.F.F. [2016] No.14) shall be abolished at the same time.

　　8.3 municipal special emergency plan directory

　　8.3.1 Emergency Class

　　8.3.3 Catastrophe Response Category

　　The specific composition of the emergency plan system for devastating earthquakes, extreme weather and other catastrophes shall be made clear separately by the Municipal Emergency Committee according to the catastrophe risks faced by this Municipality and the actual work.

　　Cctv newsSince former South Korean President park geun-hye was caught in the "cronies’ politics", many scandals during his administration have been constantly exposed. Recently, another "black material" was made public.

　　The park geun-hye administration has manipulated the issue of Samsung’s inheritance rights.

　　Yonhap News Agency and South Korean SBS TV reported that a newly published Cheongwadae document showed that the park geun-hye government had systematically manipulated the inheritance rights of Samsung Group. In the document, there was something like "When Wang Jian is here, when Fu Shizi is in the upper position", which is comparable to the lines of TV series.

　　It is reported that this document was made public by Lee Jae-jung, a member of the ruling Common Democratic Party of South Korea, and was formulated by the Secretary Office of Cheongwadae in the Presidential Palace of South Korea in July 2014. In this document,Lee Kun-hee, the head of Samsung Group, was compared to "Wang", and his son, Lee Jae-yong, vice president of Samsung Electronics, was compared to "Wang Shizi".. According to the document,"Now is the golden time for Samsung to solve the problem of inheritance of management rights.". According to the analysis, this shows thatThe South Korean government systematically manipulated the issue of Samsung’s succession.

　　"Lee Jae-yong’s ability needs to be verified."

　　The document also pointed out that "the succession of management rights is Samsung’s biggest unresolved issue at present, and the government can exert great influence." As for Lee Jae-yong’s business ability, the document evaluates it as "to be verified".

　　In May, 2014, Li Jianxi was taken to the hospital with acute myocardial infarction and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He has been hospitalized for more than three years. During this period, Li Jianxi was unable to participate in the business operation normally, and his eldest son, Lee Jae-yong, gradually became the actual power holder of Samsung Group.

　　Lee Jae-yong’s bribery case will be pronounced in the second instance and the sentence may be aggravated

　　Today (October 12), the Seoul High Court of South Korea will issue a second-instance verdict on Lee Jae-yong’s bribery case.. Earlier, in the first-instance judgment on August 25th, Lee Jae-yong was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment for bribery and other crimes.

　　According to South Korean media reports, Samsung and the special inspection team are in the second instance.The focus of the debate will still be whether Lee Jae-yong ever paid bribes to Cui Shunshi in exchange for park geun-hye’s support for him to gain control of Samsung Group.It is widely believed that although Samsung has made a lot of preparations, in the face of documents such as "helping the world to be superior",Lee Jae-yong is less likely to get a reduced sentence in the second instance, and his sentence may even be aggravated.

　　Extended detention of park geun-hye? A decision will be made this week

　　At present, park geun-hye’s case of "cronyism" is still under trial, and park geun-hye has always refused to plead guilty. On October 16th, park geun-hye’s six-month detention will expire.The Korean prosecutor has applied to extend the detention period for another six months.

　　The Korean prosecutor said that the case involved a wide range and it was impossible to complete the interrogation before park geun-hye’ s six-month detention expired; As a key figure in this case, park geun-hye denied all the allegations, and the prosecution needs to conduct further investigation.At present, park geun-hye’s lawyers’ groups have expressed their opposition to this.The Korean court revealed thatA decision on whether to extend park geun-hye’s detention will be made within this week.

　　Since June this year, park geun-hye’s case has been heard at a high density, reaching the rhythm of four times a week. However, due to the large number of witnesses, some of them refused to testify, and park geun-hye often refused to appear in court on the grounds of physical discomfort.There has been no major breakthrough in the trial of the case so far.

　　Cctv news"Wash your hands before and after meals" is a well-known health habit. In restaurants, shopping malls and other places, people often use hand dryers to dry their hands. Recently, however, researchers from Europe have tested hand dryers in three hospitals. They found that this machine, which seems to blow-dry hands and kill bacteria, turned out to be the chief culprit in spreading bacteria.

　　This is a photo of a hand-dried cell phone irradiated by ultraviolet light. It can be seen that bacteria are everywhere inside the hand-dried cell phone and even spread to the wall. The researchers said that, by comparison, the number of bacteria in toilets using hand dryers was three times higher than those using paper towels.

　　A reporter from British Sky News used a special ultraviolet lamp to test the bacteria near the hand dryer.

　　A professor from the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom said that once people touch dry cell phones with bacteria, they are at risk of catching diseases.

　　The researchers suggest that after washing hands, drying hands with paper towels can reduce the spread of bacteria and reduce the possibility of cross-infection.

　　Tianzhou-1 and Tiangong-2 successfully completed the first "space refueling". Photo courtesy /CFP

　　Tianzhou-1 completed the autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking with Tiangong-2.

　　At 23: 58 on September 12, Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft successfully completed the autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking test with Tiangong-2 space laboratory. This is one of a series of extended test projects organized and implemented after the successful mission of China’s manned space laboratory, aiming at verifying the rapid rendezvous and docking capability of cargo spacecraft, further exerting the comprehensive benefits of the mission, and laying a more solid technical foundation for the subsequent development and construction of China’s space station project. Netizens have commented on it, "I am proud to be a Chinese" and "Cheer for China aerospace scientists!"

　　The TV feature film "Patrol Sword" has a strong response.

　　From September 7 to 11, after the TV feature film "Patrol Sword" was broadcasted in CCTV prime time, it aroused strong repercussions from all walks of life, and the majority of netizens praised it. The media pointed out that behind the hot broadcast is the intersection of the party’s heart and people’s hearts. The problems found through the inspection show that the CPC Central Committee’s judgment on the situation is completely correct, and once again it shows that it is very timely and necessary to deepen the political inspection. The commentary believes that the hot broadcast is not only the recognition of the inspection work, but also the expectation to further carry it forward. After reading it, many netizens said that it was "really awesome" and "very enjoyable", and they had to "brush again" and "brush three times".

　　Publicity of the results of the 27th China News Award.

　　From September 12th, China Journalists Association publicized the results of the 27th China News Award on Xinhuanet, China Journalists Association Network and China Press, Publication, Radio and Television. This year’s China Prize for Journalism has selected 300 China Prize-winning works, including 4 special prizes, 52 first prizes, 92 second prizes and 152 third prizes. The works published and broadcast through the network platform include PC terminals such as People’s Daily and Xinhuanet, and mobile media such as People’s Daily and Xinhua News Agency. The publishing and broadcasting projects include network topics, network comments, network interviews, news cartoons, web page design, news column, news photography, international communication and so on.

　　All parts of the country commemorate the 86th anniversary of the September 18th Incident.

　　"Don’t forget the national humiliation and realize the dream of China!" At 9: 18 am on September 18th, more than 200 students solemnly swore in the preface hall of China People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Memorial Hall. Various commemorative activities have also been held all over the country, hoping to awaken the patriotic consciousness of more Chinese sons and daughters through this form. The media also published comments one after another. The "September 18th Incident" brought us a bloody enlightenment: a consolidated national defense is a shield for national survival; A strong army is the foundation of national security. The fate of the country and the nation is closely related to the strength of the army. To prevent the historical tragedy from repeating itself, we must build a people’s army that listens to the party’s command, can win battles and has a good style of work. For the officers and men of the whole army, it is the best commemoration of "September 18th" to keep in mind the sacred duty, sharpen the iron horse, wait for no one when training, and strive to win the bow.

????On September 18, 2017, students from Guangling College of Yangzhou University in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province put up the words "September 18" and "Don’t forget the national humiliation". Photo courtesy /CFP

　　Many activities were held to commemorate the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

　　September 3rd is the anniversary of the victory of Chinese citizen War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In the past few days, symposiums have been held in many places across the country, and netizens spontaneously went to museums and anti-fascist victory memorial sites to recall their ancestors and remember the history of the Anti-Japanese War. Some netizens commented that we commemorate the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in order to let more young people know and remember this period of history, bearing in mind the sufferings brought by the war and the hardships paid by our predecessors for peace. Some netizens said that we should cherish the hard-won peaceful life now, and also educate our children to have the spirit of patriotism and make contributions to the motherland.

????Teacher’s Day: The atmosphere of respecting teachers and valuing morality is strong in all walks of life.

　　September 10th this year is the 33rd Teacher’s Day. Various activities are held in various places to celebrate Teacher’s Day, and there is a strong atmosphere of respecting teachers and valuing morality in all walks of life. People’s Daily commented that teachers, as guides, should be the most respected people in society, and teachers should also be the most respected professions in society. Xinhuanet commented that the historical allusions of Cheng Menli Xue and Zhang Liang’s apprentices are still legendary. Teachers are getting more and more respect and love from the whole society. Netizens have expressed their blessings to their teachers. The creative H5 "Writing Poems for You" launched by the People’s Daily client has been widely forwarded by netizens, forming a screen-brushing trend in the circle of friends.

　　Yulin’s maternal fall caused heated discussion.

　　Ma Moumou, a lying-in woman from Shaanxi Province, fell to her death in the Second Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suide Hospital of Yulin City, which aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. On the evening of September 7th, Yulin Municipal Health and Family Planning Bureau announced the investigation results of the incident, and concluded that "there was no causal relationship between the maternal death and the hospital’s diagnosis and treatment behavior", but the incident "exposed the problems such as the hospital staff’s weak awareness of preventing emergencies and inadequate supervision". Some media have called for family members, hospitals and even the society to truly respect the parturient. This respect is not only reflected in the self-choice of the parturient in the face of childbirth pain, but also a return to the humanistic spirit of "people are the purpose, not the means".

　　The incident of "police throwing children and women" has attracted attention.

　　On the morning of September 1st, when the police of the traffic police detachment of Songjiang Public Security Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau led the auxiliary police to carry out illegal parking rectification near Laifang Road, Jiudu Road, they were violently obstructed by a female car owner who violated the regulations. The police did not take care of the safety of the children in their arms during the control of the woman, causing the women and children to fall to the ground. After the incident was exposed on the Internet, it sparked heated public opinion. Some netizens believe that the traffic police involved are rude in law enforcement, and some netizens think that it is also hateful for women to use children as a shield to resist the law. On the 2 nd, the Shanghai police handled the incident: the policeman Zhu made an administrative record and gave a warning to the woman involved.

????"One-dollar painting" screens WeChat friends circle

　　On August 29th, a charity H5 named "Children’s Gallery" spread on the WeChat circle of friends. The activity was initiated by Tencent’s public welfare platform, and paintings were created by special people with autism, mental retardation and cerebral palsy in WABC’s barrier-free arts and crafts public welfare organization. WeChat users can "buy" pictures at the lowest price of one yuan to help such special people. In a short time, the number of donations to the event exceeded 5.8 million, and the fundraising exceeded 15 million yuan. Netizen commented that this is the most beautiful and warmest screen in the circle of friends. Mobile payment and sharing to the circle of friends also make public welfare more "fast food" and "sharing". However, a few netizens questioned that this was a "marketing hype" and worried about where the money would go. Subsequently, Tencent responded that it will regularly publicize the use of donations.

????Take-away plastic bags "destroy the environment" attract attention

　　According to public data, the daily orders of Hungry, Meituan and Baidu are around 20 million. An order includes at least 2 lunch boxes and 1 plastic bag. According to the average height of each lunch box of 6 cm, the lunch boxes can be piled up every day to make three and a half round trips from the earth to the International Space Station. According to the calculation of 0.06 square meters per plastic bag, the plastic bags consumed in one day can cover 168 football fields. Netizens said that although it is impossible to intuitively see the proportion of the take-away industry in the total pollution, the environmental problems brought by take-away are worthy of attention, which is an important reminder. Some netizens suggested that the relevant state departments should promote the recycling of plastic lunch boxes by improving the quality and setting quality standards, so as to prolong the life cycle of plastic products and reduce production and consumption.

　　Netizens call for promoting real-name authentication of dating platform.

　　The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the National Health and Family Planning Commission jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Further Improving Youth Marriage and Love Work, aiming at the marriage and love problems and different characteristics of older unmarried youth, migrant youth and rural youth, and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of services. Coordinate multi-departments to promote the strict implementation of real-name authentication and real-name registration on dating platforms, rectify the matchmaking service market according to law, and severely crack down on illegal matchmaking activities such as marriage support and marriage fraud. Netizens praised this. The false information and fraud of dating platforms have been rampant for many years, and it is really time to manage them. There are also media suggestions to build a perfect ecology of marriage and friendship through legislative channels.

　　Zhejiang University’s new trial paper evaluation rules lead to controversy.

　　In mid-September, Zhejiang University issued the "Implementation Measures for the Recognition of Excellent Network Cultural Achievements (Trial)", which stipulates that excellent online articles published in the media and its "two micro-ends" can be recognized as domestic authoritative, first-class, core and other academic journal papers according to the publishing platform and communication level, and will be included in the promotion, employment evaluation and award evaluation. When the new regulations came out, they immediately sparked heated discussions. Some netizens think this practice is a kind of progress and innovation. Some netizens also questioned that equating "media hits" with the academic value of academic papers could easily lead to academic "retrogression". In this regard, Zhejiang University responded that the identification of outstanding online cultural achievements will not lower the relevant academic standards, and the declaration of achievements needs to be strictly reviewed by the expert Committee.

　　National University of Science and Technology held the shortest freshman opening ceremony in history

????On the morning of September 10th, the original one-hour opening ceremony for freshmen of 2017 of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences was declared over in just two minutes because of the sudden attack of Shan Yu. The only arrangements for the ceremony were to raise the national flag, sing the national anthem and speak by Academician Bai Chunli. As soon as the news came out, it was praised. Some netizens said that a 2-minute opening ceremony did not lead to shabby and crude ridicule. On the contrary, it was an enthusiastic and sincere applause. The 2-minute opening ceremony made people see what a university should look like. There are also media articles praising that the scientific spirit is not shouted out, but hidden in this seemingly casual detail. A university that puts students’ health first must be a university with feelings; A realistic and pragmatic university must be a promising university.?

The heart also needs to "cool off"

Our reporter Yan Sheng

Temperature change is the "enemy" of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Studies have shown that the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases will increase significantly in high temperature weather above 35 degrees Celsius. July and August each year is a peak period for the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At this time, more attention should be paid to maintaining the heart.

Hot weather is prone to "heart-qi deficiency"

Headache, insomnia, irritability … In summer, many people will feel unwell all over, which may be related to "heart-qi deficiency". Yu Yalan, director of the Department of Prevention and Treatment of Encephalopathy in Xi ‘an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, once introduced in his article that "heart-qi deficiency" refers to the phenomenon that the function of heart qi is insufficient, and the beating strength of the heart is affected and weakened, so palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and even the heartbeat intensifies when one activity occurs, or the phenomenon of wheezing when one moves slightly. Chinese medicine believes that "the heart is hidden", so some people will have mental fatigue when the heart is deficient in qi.

The weather is hot in summer, and in order to dissipate heat, the capillaries of the human body are opened and the blood flow is large. At this time, the heart will be slightly insufficient, and the ability to supply the whole body with painstaking efforts will decrease. In addition, in summer, people sweat a lot, and the qi will take off with the sweat, so it will also aggravate the symptoms of qi deficiency. If the spirit is insufficient, it will be hard to live. If the problem of heart-qi deficiency is not alleviated for a long time, it is easy to cause heart health problems.

The heart also needs to cool off.

What should I do to learn to cool my heart in summer?

Zhao Xinhua, a teacher at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, pointed out in his lecture:

First, according to the characteristics of summer, we should stabilize our emotions and maintain our hearts. Excessive excitement and nervousness, especially great joy, great sorrow and great anger, will cause abnormal contraction of arterial blood vessels and induce angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. Therefore, in the hot summer, we should consciously stabilize our emotions and maintain an indifferent and quiet mentality.

Second, the movement is appropriate. You can’t stay at home every day because you are afraid of the heat. However, exercise should be carried out in the cooler evening, and the intensity of activity should not be tired.

The third is to replenish water in time. Don’t wait for thirst to drink water. You can often drink lotus seed soup, lily soup, lotus leaf tea, etc., which can not only replenish water, but also clear away heat and relieve summer heat.

The fourth is to take a nap at noon. Taking a nap for 30 minutes at noon can relax your body and mind and restore your energy.

Fifth, the diet is light.

In addition, cardiovascular patients should insist on treatment and master certain first aid skills.

Red food nourishes the heart

You can also nourish your heart from your diet at ordinary times. Zhao Xinhua introduced that from the perspective of yin and yang and five elements, red is fire, enters the heart, and tonifies qi and blood. Therefore, in summer, you can choose red food to nourish your heart and protect your blood vessels, and recommend three kinds of heart-nourishing foods, which are called "three reds" for short.

Carrots, known as "small ginseng", contain a variety of vitamins, which are good for maintaining the heart and protecting blood vessels. The effect of red beans on nourishing the heart has been recognized by doctors since ancient times. The five colors are matched with the five internal organs, and the red beans are reddish in color and red in the heart. Therefore, Li Shizhen called red beans "the valley of the heart" and emphasized the effect of red beans on nourishing the heart. Heart governs blood, and red dates are "blood-enriching products". Cyclic adenosine monophosphate in red dates can dilate blood vessels, enhance myocardial contractility, and increase the oxygen content in blood, so that the oxygen supplied to the heart will also increase and accelerate metabolism.

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Original title: "Beware of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases during the hot summer season! When the high temperature strikes, the heart also needs to "cool off"! 》

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Recently, Xiaomi Auto officially announced the official map of Xiaomi YU7, a new member of the family, and it is expected to be officially listed in June and July next year. The new car is positioned as a pure electric SUV, which also has another name-Xiaomi.Y Ultra, which means stronger than Tesla Model Y, directly targets Tesla Model Y, the sales champion in this field. The estimated price of the new car is between 300,000 and 400,000, which will be slightly lower than Tesla Model Y, demonstrating its market competitiveness.

In terms of appearance, the new car continued as a whole.Xiaomi SU7Family-style design,But bolder and more athletic. The front face part is adoptedHuge clam shell front cover andFamily grille design, with sharp LED headlights, the overall visual impact is strong.

The side of the car body is designed with a sliding back.The lines are dynamic and smooth, full of sports atmosphere. The details use the same hidden door handle as Xiaomi SU7.Yellow brake calipers, rimless exterior mirrors and five-spoke rims.

The rear part of the car adopts Xiaomi’s family-style Saturn surround taillight design, which looks like a dynamic duckling tail. With the spoiler on the roof and the classic diffuser shape below, the recognition is full. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4999/1996/1600mm and the wheelbase is 3000mm respectively.

In terms of power, the new car is driven by pure electric dual motors and equipped with ternary lithium batteries, with a curb weight of 2405kg. The maximum power of the motors is 220/288kW respectively.The maximum power is 508kW and the maximum speed is 253 km/h.

As the second model of Xiaomi Automobile, Xiaomi YU7 directly rushed into the most competitive SUV market, and set the benchmark for Tesla Model Y, the sales leader of the current SUV market. Although there is great potential in the performance of Xiaomi SU7 before, it still does not exceed Tesla Model 3, and it was listed in June and July, leaving only half a year for Xiaomi YU7. I expect how sincere Lei will give. In addition, a new car will be released soon. Can Xiaomi keep up with the production capacity? Lei will not go to the factory to sleep again, will he?

"Speak English fluently" is an oral English learning application that combines innovative oral English teaching concepts with cutting-edge voice assessment technology, and it is a software designed to make you speak English. The article is mainly aimed at the product analysis report of fluent English speaking. Let’s take a look ~

According to the "White Paper on Online Foreign Language Education for Adults in China in 2017" released by the well-known third-party research institution iResearch on Hujiang, the largest Internet learning platform in the United Nations, it can be known that online education in China in 2017 is in a transitional stage of initial maturity.

In 2017, the market size of online language education in China is expected to reach 37.56 billion yuan, and the number of users will exceed 26 million. In the future, the market size and user size of online language education will continue to grow, but the growth rate will gradually decrease. It is expected that the market size will reach 52.35 billion yuan in 2019.

According to iResearch, the growth of online language education market is mainly influenced by several factors:

1. The course is easy to be standardized and reproducible, which is conducive to reducing costs;
2. The recognition of online education users is increasing, and interactive learning with foreign teachers can create real-time usage scenarios, improve language usage and attract more users;
3. The digitalization of users’ learning behavior has been further improved, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence have been continuously combined with online education, and personalized learning has been gradually realized;
4. Differentiated products in the online language education segmentation field are more abundant, and more traditional offline education enterprises are accelerating their online transformation.

According to the Baidu index search for "English Fluency", it can be found that from December 6, 2017 to June 3, 2018, the average number of daily searches for this APP nationwide reached.1712Time. In the search results in English, the daily average is7067Fluent English speaking accounts for as much as English search.24.23%That is, almost every four people search for English, and one is searching for English to speak fluently.

There may be the following reasons for this effect:

1. Its own marketing promotion is better;
2. The quality of its own products is relatively good, forming a word of mouth.

In addition, according to the iResearch APP search index, it can be found that the number of independent devices in April 2018 reached 3.65 million.

Since June 2017, the number of independent devices has also been on the rise. And from the data of iResearch, we can know that fluent in English has been in the fifth position in language education since October 2017.

From the monthly total effectiveness, it can often be seen that it has been steadily rising since June 2017. Effective and continuous growth shows that the product creates useful value for users, and users will use the APP for a long time, which also shows that the content quality of fluent English is relatively high.

Fluency in English is an English teaching APP that uses artificial intelligence technology for English learners to speak English anytime and anywhere. The product concept is "Make you can’t help but speak English".

(1) Gender
Female users are 62.20%, while male users are only 37.8%. Female users occupy the main part, which may be caused by women’s stronger interest in English learning and stronger desire to learn English.

(2) Age

The age distribution is mainly under 30 years old, accounting for a total of 76.5%, which also shows that the whole English learning users are younger.

Looking at the age distribution from Baidu’s search index, we will find that most people are over 30, but not many people are under 30.

At first glance, it seems contradictory, but think about it carefully. Why is it that the search age group is mainly over 30 years old, while the actual users are mainly under 30 years old?

From the two age distribution maps, we can find that: mainlyThis phenomenon is caused by the uneven distribution of people under the age of 20.I think the possible reasons are as follows:

1. When the products are promoted, they are mainly aimed at parents. Parents have more opportunities to speak English fluently and pay for their children to learn English.
2. Parents actively search for good English learning tools for their children.
3. Students use the product, and the learning effect is good, which has formed a word of mouth among parents, so the number of parents’ searches has increased, and the opportunities for their children to use it have increased.

Looking for applications from parents’ search, children think about using App, and this age distribution coincides.

(3) geographical distribution
From the geographical distribution, we can see that Guangdong Province is the main province, accounting for 11.18%, while the utilization rate in Shanghai is actuallyOnly 3.23%. I feel a little strange about this, because I am fluent in saying that the company is in Shanghai, and the publicity and communication of general companies in the local area have higher priority.

Therefore, the publicity coverage in Shanghai should be broader and more comprehensive. In the case of good content quality, more users should be reached and more users should be normal.

Of course, this does not rule out the possibility that Shanghai students have strong English ability and there is no need to use tools to learn.

On the whole, there are relatively few users outside the whole user group in northwest China, such as Tibet and Xinjiang, which may be caused by two aspects:

1. The development of education in this area is slow, people’s learning can’t keep up, and the concept of learning English is far from each other.
2. For the product strategy, it may not be involved in the publicity and communication in these areas at present.

• User type 1:English beginners. Li Lei, male, 7-year-old, a student, is a beginner who has just come into contact with English. In order to let their children form a good habit of learning English since childhood, parents hope to have an application to accompany their children and guide them to learn correctly.
• User type 2:English test taker. Zhang Yuqiong, female, 22 years old, a junior, has been studying English, preparing for CET 4 and CET4,6 and preparing for the TOEFL test abroad later, hoping that there will be an application that will keep her going and get good feedback;
• User type 3:Job demanders. Liu Yi, male, 27 years old, has worked for 3 years. In the IT Internet industry, the company has an opportunity to go abroad for further study, which requires that it must be able to communicate in English, so I hope I can learn English better in the trivial time of commuting.
• User type 4:English lovers. Sun Xiang, female, 22 years old, is an English lover. She usually likes to watch American TV series, but she can’t understand the original character, so she can’t deeply experience the hero’s emotions. She also likes to travel, and especially hopes to travel abroad alone. I want to accumulate English learning slowly and improve my oral English ability in my usual time.

The business model canvas of fluent English is divided into 9 parts:

(1) Product valueProvide fun, interesting and effective oral learning methods, and provide personalized content and plans for each user. The value part of the product is the core of the whole business model, and it is the key to determine whether the whole English fluency can gain benefits. Good product value will eventually form word of mouth and eventually turn into benefits.

(2) Users:Product user groups are mainly four types of users drawn from user portraits.

(3) Channels:How products reach users. Products can reach users through PC official website, advertisements, major application searches, and sharing on social platforms such as WeChat, QQ and Weibo.

(4) Customer relationship:Good customer relationship can make users who speak English fluently experience the value of products, and it is easier for users to bring benefits when they feel that they can bring value. Fluent English speaking and passingIncentive learning mechanismGuide users to learn.

domestic consumer

Experience the diamond class by sharing and logging in continuously, which has two advantages.

• Let users better experience the value brought by products, so as to increase the opportunity of paid learning.
• Increased product promotion and sharing through social platforms have brought new traffic to products, and so on, making more and more users and more benefits.

Paying user

Mainly provide three mechanisms:

1. Scholarship mechanism, to achieve the length of study and study scores, you can get scholarships.
2. Guarantee to upgrade the three-level learning mechanism and reach a certain length of study, and the product guarantee will be upgraded by three levels.
3. Through the punch-in mechanism, sharing publicity to give away paid courses, so as to promote products anytime and anywhere.

In the case of good content quality, through these user relationship incentive mechanisms. For users, they can touch what they want to learn through persistence and sharing, and they will feel that the product is very human and will take the initiative to use it.

For the product, it meets the needs of users, and through the sharing of users, it realizes the marketing means with fission as the core, which not only enhances the user’s stickiness, but also creates the user’s self-promotion, which has the best of both worlds.

(5) Core resources:Core resources refer to some unique and valuable human and material resources to realize product value.

Here mainly includes three aspects:

1. High-quality AI technology;
2. Has a huge Chinese English database;
3. Spoken language search engine.

Of course, the people who set up this team can be regarded as core resources. They are all leaders in their respective industries and have advanced vision. The collision of their ideas also determines the direction of this product.

(6) Key business:This mainly refers to a series of services that can turn the value of products into benefits. Knowing your English is the key business to speak English fluently. Most of the income comes from knowing your English services, and of course, the main value is also derived from knowing your English.

(7) Partners:The partners who speak fluent English are mainly engaged in some public welfare activities. First of all, the product team is very socially responsible, and it can be seen that fluent English has participated in various public welfare activities, which reflects the taste of fluent English products and gives people the impression that the product and the team as a whole are more attractive and enterprising.

However, it does not rule out that it is the tactical means of the team in strategy. Public welfare activities have great influence in people’s lives, and the team can get better word-of-mouth publicity with the help of public welfare activities.

(8) Cost:It involves the payment of all expenses, mainly including software research and development, market launch, cooperation cost and human resources;

(9) Profit:Know your English (the profit mode of live broadcast), share communication (self-communication by users is an important channel for product promotion and payment) and free learning (an important guarantee for profit, users need to be retained before they can be converted into profit revenue).

From the above analysis, we can see that fluent English speaking hasClear and completeOur commercial canvas has important core resources, provides users with important value, uses good incentives to maintain customer relationships and has a clear source of income.

Fluency in English is an application of oral English practice, which provides different learning contents according to different needs and pain points of different users.

For users who want to learn, but don’t know how to learn, fluent English provides personalized solutions.

It mainly includes two parts:

• One isTraining campAny user can participate in the training camp. The training camp is carried out in the form of learning theme. According to the learning situation, part of the content will be unlocked every day, so as to keep the course learning step by step and improve the English ability in a more relaxed and pleasant way.
• The second is customization, that isUnderstand your English, is the core course of fluent English speaking, and the content of the course to understand your English is shown in the figure below.

Listening, retelling and games are the main ways to understand your English. From the course content, there are 8 Levels, each level has 3 Units and a test, and each unit has 4 parts. The learning of each part consists of two listening, two vocal and two Dialogue, as well as games about listening, speaking, reading, grammar and choosing the theme.

I think there are several reasons for choosing this content as the content to understand your English:

(1) English level of users

Every user’s English level is inconsistent, so every user needs to match the content suitable for his ability when using it. Align and understand the eight Levels in your English, start by testing and matching the same Level as the user, and learn at the same level, and you will feel more relaxed.

Users will not find it difficult as soon as they come up, so it will be easier for users to accept, not only will it not discourage users from learning English. But also can enhance the learning confidence of users, so that a good experience also enhances the stickiness of products.

(2) the importance of vocabulary

Vocabulary is an important link in English. All listening, speaking, reading and writing need to be based on vocabulary. Users need to learn the vocabulary at the current level so that they can understand and repeat.

Imagine that if you don’t have vocabulary learning, only listen and speak, you will find it difficult to understand what it is, let alone repeat it. At this time, I can’t learn specific vocabulary, I can’t understand it after repeated listening, and I can’t say it. At this time, people are in a state of near collapse, and they have the impulse to drop their mobile phones, which will have a fatal blow to English learning. In this case, it is often easy to give up.

If vocabulary learning is provided at this time, then we can learn it specifically, and then it will be much easier to listen, practice and say it later.

(3) Interest in learning

The biggest difficulty in English learning is that it is easy to give up if it is not interesting. This is also the characteristic of human nature. It is difficult for a person to insist on something that he thinks is boring alone, because you can’t get happiness from it and the source of motivation to continue.

In the way of games, it brings fun to English learning, and guides users to continue learning step by step through scoring, breaking through customs and other forms, from simple to in-depth, so that users can gain a sense of accomplishment and gain confidence from customs clearance in games, so that users will feel that English learning is as interesting as playing games.

The flow chart of learning to understand your English is as follows, mainly by listening, then repeating and reading it yourself, and the system will grade the sentences you read after. Then adjust yourself according to the system prompts that there are problems in the sentence, and then repeat and read step by step according to the pronunciation, so as to improve your oral English finally.

Knowing your English can provide a better English environment, and the whole learning process is in English repeatedly. This learning process can provide users with a good pronunciation environment. Through continuous correction and follow-up, their pronunciation and listening ability will also be improved quickly.

However, there is a problem: the pronunciation and listening ability have improved rapidly here, but the ability to speak and write has not changed much. For repeating after reading, I can only understand what others say, but I can’t express it subjectively.

I think there are several main reasons:

1) Understand the content defects of your English.

From the content of knowing your English, we can also see that there is no part of learning grammar separately, which makes it difficult for users to blurt out, master a certain amount of words, and understand both reading and listening, but only they don’t know how to really apply it to real situations.

2) Know how your English content is presented.

The whole content of knowing your English is presented to users in the form of cards and animations. At the beginning, users will feel that it is not bad and can understand this scene. But as time goes on, we will find that all the work is repeating the work of the robot, and the so-called scenes are given.Fixed textFollow-up, that is to say, all of them arepassiveYes.

The most important point is that in this process, most of them are actually examining the ability to recite, and almost no subjective learning is involved, so it is natural that you can’t blurt it out after learning.

Judging from the quality of knowing your English content, knowing your English is right.aural comprehensionandpronouncewill haveRemarkable improvement(The premise is to have a certain degree of self-discipline, insist on correct study, and study for the sake of study, not for the sake of grades). Generally speaking, it is more suitable for cultivating people’s interest in learning English. The whole content is full of games, relaxed and enjoyable, which will easily make people develop the study habit of learning English.

For instrumental assisted learning,This is a good learning tool., providingPronunciation guidance、System rating feedback、interestingLearning style.

On the other hand, we need to realize that the application of learning tools is just a tool, and it can’t completely solve everyone’s problems.

Of course, it is not that there is no problem with tools and there is no room for optimization, but that learning English itself requires strong initiative, and tools are only auxiliary. So don’t expect that after learning a certain tool, you will learn it successfully, but in fact most people are so delusional.

According to the research data of Speedway Research Network, it can be found that oral English is the skill that users want to improve most, which occupies a position in the survey.74.14%All English learners want to improve their oral English through learning. Faced with such demand for oral English learning, fluent English speaking provides different oral English learning.

The classification of spoken language is as follows:

In fact, the classification of spoken language can be subdivided into the following aspects:

Cultivate a sense of language

For English learners, cultivating a good sense of language is almost everyone’s expected goal. Through simple and interesting ways such as one word a day and one sentence a day, users can learn easily, and most importantly, they can meet the needs of users for daily learning and progress without spending a lot of time, which can well increase the user’s stickiness in using products.

Examination/textual research

In the case of exam-oriented education in China, there will be a large number of such examinations, and the demand will definitely be large. However, most of these studies are passive, and they may not be able to use such functions after the examination or study. Therefore, this kind of function is relatively weak in improving user stickiness.

Oral life

This kind of oral demand has a high touch rate for users, and it is easy to form good feedback in life. When users practice learning for a period of time, they can apply it in a certain part of their lives. This sense of accomplishment can promote users’ learning and thus have a strong user stickiness.

Skill class

This kind of learning is different from the exam/textual research. Although they all study with a strong purpose, for the workplace and overseas survival, the feedback from the environment after learning is strong and with a strong driving force. If you don’t rush forward, you will be eliminated, which will also make users take the initiative to learn this kind of skills, which is also highly user-friendly.

On the whole, the whole learning content of oral English is relaxed and pleasant, and it does not involve the study of science and technology and popular science. I think the main purpose is to create an easy learning atmosphere, improve users’ learning confidence and enthusiasm through simple and interesting ways, and thus enhance users’ use stickiness.

Content that is too difficult will give users a great psychological burden, and the possibility of continuing learning will be reduced.

The learning mode of American movies and speeches is recognized as an effective learning method in the industry. Fluent English speaking: Cut out the classic video and form various categories. Users can choose the parts they are interested in for imitation practice.

I think the main reason for the formation of dubbing class is that everyone has it.Idolize nature. Everyone has more or less his favorite star, favorite TV, and admired star. We will be attracted by the characters inside, and we will involuntarily imitate them, which makes us feel particularly cool.

Then speaking English fluently provides users with such a place, which can make users carefree, unrestrained, release their nature and complete imitation to their heart’s content. For users, it is also an exciting demand, at least at the beginning.

For products, this is an important resource for developing new users and retaining users.

In English learning, users have a big problem that they can’t practice the real environment in time, especially the part about subjective expression, and they don’t know whether their expression is correct or not.

In view of this pain point, fluent English speaking providesSituational combat course, the biggest feature of this course isUsers can talk completely according to their own ideas to promote different plots..

After each exercise, there will be a study report, an overall score, and a voice record of the dialogue process. According to your answers, you will be guided and improved, and you can know what your shortcomings are, such as pronunciation and answering methods.

(1) Word learning

Word learning has always been a major topic in English learning, and it is also a big problem. For word learning, fluent English speaking provides two categories of word learning.

1) Examination category

Under the applied education environment in China, English learning will involve various types of exams, such as senior high school entrance examination, college entrance examination, CET-4 and CET-6, TOEFL, IELTS and business English. However, with the increase of population and the liberalization of the second child policy, there will definitely be more and more learning needs for these exams in the future.

2) interest class

This kind of demand is mainly to meet personal interests and hobbies, and choose the corresponding field to study according to your own preferences.

Using speech recognition technology to help English learners correct their pronunciation, and using gamification as much as possible to practice conversation, so that learners are interested in sticking to it, so as to improve their spoken English.

Know your English using process is as follows:

When you use it for the first time, you need to conduct a Level Test first, so that you can test your current English level and know your own situation in advance.

According to the test results, the corresponding Level X courses will be matched for learning.

Before each new study, you can choose a word to target.Current courseWord learning. The words in each part can only be unlocked when the next level is unlocked.At first, I thought it was unreasonable.I think it is appropriate to give all the words in a unit, so that users can master the whole unit better and systematically.

But after deep and careful thinking, I think the product will be designed like this and there will be such considerations:

1. If the words in the whole unit are studied together, there will be a lot of such words, which gives the user the feeling that when I can finish learning, there are so many words, which will cause great psychological pressure to the user.
2. The words in each part correspond to each section, so the cost of learning will be lower, after all, the amount is not very large, and then all the words learned are used in this section, which can greatly deepen the impression of words, and at the same time,avoidLearn too many words at once, but some words can’t be used in time. Such a small number of words and corresponding courses will greatly improve the quality of learning.

The explanation of words is mainly in English, which is combined with the environmental concept of immersion in English, which can make users better develop the English thinking habit of thinking and understanding in English, which is beneficial to English learning.

In addition, you can follow it selectively, or you can practice the related course content in this section. You can click the button next to the word to listen to the standard pronunciation of the word. Although you can hear the pronunciation of the word, for users who don’t have a good grasp of phonetic symbols, here he can’t correctly distinguish how to read it. He needsWith the help of other toolsTo find out what the correct pronunciation of this word is.

So, I-suggestionA phonetic symbol should be added here, and the phonetic symbol can be clicked and pronounced when clicked, which can provide users with a more convenient learning path.Reduce the use cost of users..

As shown in the figure below:

FunctionHard of hearing,As shown in Figure 1 above, when you can’t hear clearly or follow the reading well, you can choose to listen again.

One of the core functionsRead after,As shown in Figure 2 above, after listening clearly, you can choose to follow, and then the system willAutomatic comparisonFollow-up content and original sound content meet the criteria of system judgment, and a nice icon will appear.

The combination of hard of hearing and follow-up reading can help us understand the content of the article well, and we can repeat and adjust it according to the original sound in a short time.Chunk processing abilityThere will be a great improvement.

For each part of each lesson, there will be exercises corresponding to the current learning content. Mainly includeFour typesExercise questions.

1) Grammar class

As shown in the figure below, some options will be provided, and some interference items will be included. It is necessary to make a correct choice in combination with context and semantics.

2) Listening comprehension

As shown in the figure below, questions and options are presented in the form of voice, which enables users to grow rapidly in an all-English environment.

3) Repeat after reading

After hearing the voice, you need to retell the content in a short time, and the system will give a score according to the retelling situation. As shown in the following figure: where the pronunciation is completely wrong, there will be red marks, where the pronunciation is inaccurate, there will be black font marks, and the standard pronunciation parts will be marked in green.

This kind of feedback is very special and eye-catching, and it can clearly recognize its own shortcomings.

4) Reading comprehension

After learning a short lesson, the products will be disrupted according to some of the contents, and users need to sort them independently according to the context, so that they can train their logical ability and improve their reading comprehension.

After each section is completed, it will be a summary report, where we can see the problems in the current section study, where we can give a good feedback, and also compare the original sound with what we read after, and find out where we are lacking.

Although knowing your English provides a set of wrong questions, you can learn according to the wrong parts later. But I don’t think it’s enough here. Most users continue after listening to the original sound many times.

In this context, there are still pronunciation problems in repeating after reading. Here, we should give the English standard of the place with pronunciation problems, which will help users to correct it better. And it should also allow users to adjust and retell immediately, give real-time feedback and adjust the wrong parts.Let users quickly correct their current problems to the greatest extent..

As shown in the figure below:

After studying, you can check your learning efficiency, first of all, an overall learning efficiency score, and then you can check all kinds of data about your learning period, including: learning performance, active recording, active listening to the original sound, correct reading rate, correct answering rate, study habits, days reaching the standard, average days reaching the standard per week, number of recent learning courses, etc.

As shown in the figure below:

The function of learning efficiency directly feeds back the situation of English learning, so that users can truly understand and feel the learning effect, and meet the needs of users who don’t know how to judge their learning situation and learning efficiency after learning, which is of great importance to stimulate users’ learning.

For users, it is easy to give up if they don’t give feedback on their learning and experience no progress, and fluent English speaking and understanding your English can achieve this link well. study

Learning efficiency shows the user’s learning situation well, and lets the user know what his actual situation is. Through intuitivedataAnd learningData graph, can bring a good visual impact to users, users will unconsciously see how my learning situation is and how much my level has improved, which willMotivate usersContinue to study and form a good oneClosed loop effect.

According to the learning efficiency of knowing your English, you can feel progress well, stimulate learning and stimulate consumption transformation, but if you think carefully, you will find a problem.How to improve this learning efficiency?

Operators who speak English fluently will tell you that reading, listening and practicing can improve efficiency.

This answer can’t be said to be wrong, but it is a bit of a universal answer. All qualitative changes can start from quantitative changes, but how to grasp this level by reading, listening and practicing more? Do you need to learn new lessons every day? How much? Review the lessons you have learned, and how much? How often do you review? What kind of review is better? What kind of new study is better study?

No one can give the correct answer to these questions, so there will be a problem-most users, after studying for a while, don’t feel improved, and they will feel disheartened and lose their interest in learning. At this time, the classes in the WeChat learning group will meet everyone, so that everyone can come back to study quickly.

But this method is actually useless.Imagine a person who studies in a class, doesn’t he want to study? Doesn’t he want to improve?

So if you want users not to give up learning, you need more from.Course content and function attract and guide users.For example, increase the diversity of course games, optimize the learning process, and provide learning methods that are more in line with users’ minds.

Knowing your English is a course to improve your listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities in an all-round way, but from the learning function, we can find that there are a lot of exercises in listening and reading, andThere is no practice in speaking and writing..

In view of this, I suggest:Increase the active expression of the game.Let users experience the English I have studied for so long. I can use my English ability to express it in actual scenes, not just "blurting out" with the opportunity person, but a kind of "blurting out" with my own physical instinct.

This game item can be similar to the existing games, but it needs to let go of the user’s thoughts and not bind him. In the process of learning a course, he knows something about the theme of this lesson, so that users can tell their answers according to their own situation.

In the background, users’ answers are recognized through big data function, and the expression in the user’s answers is fed back, and suggestions are given to truly achieve artificial intelligence.

As shown in the figure below:

Of course, this may also be a business interface deliberately left by knowing your English, because there is a platinum version of knowing your English, and related services may be involved here.

I am a fluent English-speaking user since January 2018, and I have also purchased the paid course of the core course "Know Your English" for half a year. During this learning process, there are both good products and areas that need to be improved. Generally speaking, I am positive about this application, at least I feel that there is a significant improvement.

1. User guidance:When it is used for the first time, it will guide the user through the floating layer and pop-up window, which greatly reduces the user’s use cost.
2. Learning mode:Through the way of "listening-retelling-reading-system grading-multi-color visual feedback-adjustment-game breakthrough", we have created an all-English learning environment and immersed ourselves in learning. By comparing our own pronunciation with the pronunciation of the machine and practicing repeatedly, English listening and pronunciation will be improved obviously.
3. Interesting:Through the way of games, the learning interest of users is greatly improved, which adds interest to English learning and endows English learning with game attributes.
4. Content difficulty:Personalized learning content will be customized according to the test situation, which is in line with the user’s English level, avoiding the embarrassment of unequal content and level, allowing users to improve step by step in their familiar context and enhancing their learning confidence.
5. Operational features:Through the scholarship and full return mechanism, users can be encouraged to learn English actively, and as long as they can, they can learn English in 0 yuan.

• The functional stability of the product is not strong;Occasionally, it will appear during the learning process. The function of automatically ending the recording cannot be finished in time after the recording is completed, and it can’t be finished normally when it is finished manually. Occasionally, it will be stuck.
• Lack of correct study guide:All the learning processes have to be explored and tried by ourselves, and the individual’s subjective initiative needs to be very strong. At first, 100 people understood your English learning class, and now it has been more than four months, and only 20 people have been able to keep learning. Of course, self-discipline is the main reason in this process, but products can better optimize their own products, and guide and attract users to continue learning through more humanized courses, learning methods, review situations, diverse game methods and other functions.
• Learning links lacking subjective expression:The whole course focuses on listening, retelling and reading, and the main learning content is related to the fixed text content. No matter following reading, retelling, listening choice and grammar, these are all limited to the fixed sentence text, and they are all passive, not subjective.
• The atmosphere of WeChat group lacks interaction:Friends from all corners of the country, with the common goal of improving their English ability, formed together by understanding your English. At the beginning, the activity of the whole group was very high, but gradually it became cold and cheerless. Every day, it was the procedural content, which was unattractive and had no atmosphere. The operation of user relations is not very successful, giving users the feeling that they are just a notification group, and they can’t really learn anything from it.

1. On the basis of maintaining the quality of the current learning content, we should increase the learning links of active expression, so that we can really improve our listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities in all aspects.
2. It is suggested to optimize the user’s learning process in combination with the user’s learning situation and the application of big data, so that users can improve faster. If this function is not well realized technically, it is suggested that we can consider direct communication and guidance between WeChat operators and users to make up for the shortcomings of the products.
3. Social interaction and content learning are organized together, and the product provides a given scene. Users A and B at the same level can enter the designated user scene for role-playing, providing users with a real environment and fully mobilizing their learning enthusiasm.
4. In the section report, the phonetic prompt and retelling and reading functions of nonstandard words are added, so that users can correct and improve in the first time.
5. Add voice explanation to the wrong question set, give the key points of the sentence and the places that are prone to mistakes, so that users can better adjust and improve.

　

This article was originally published by @ Ricky. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

The title map comes from the network.

　　With the growing prosperity of short video, short video infringement cases are also increasing.

　　The first case accepted since the establishment of Beijing Internet Court last year — — Tik Tok, a short video App, sued Baidu, a subsidiary of Internet technology giant, for infringement of information network communication rights. On April 22nd this year, Haidian District People’s Court of Beijing sentenced Beijing ByteDance Technology Co., Ltd. to Beijing Aiqiyi Technology Co., Ltd. for infringement of information network communication rights, and the topic of short video infringement attracted attention from all walks of life.

　　When the dispute strikes, short video producers and publishers are inevitably caught in the whirlpool. Can the short video platform get away calmly? Recently, the "Legal Daily" reporter interviewed industry experts on related hot topics.

　　Judge whether it belongs to a work.

　　Three requirements must be met.

　　Whether a short video belongs to a work has always been one of the focuses of controversy in the industry.

　　According to Article 2 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the term "works" in the Copyright Law refers to the intellectual achievements that are original and can be reproduced in some tangible form in the fields of literature, art and science.

　　Zheng Ning, deputy director of the Law Department of the School of Political Science and Law of China Communication University, analyzed that a work needs to meet three requirements: first, the specific expression in the fields of literature, art and science; Second, it is original; Third, it can be copied in some tangible form. "If the short video meets the above three requirements, it constitutes a work."

　　According to Zheng Ning, judging from some current court cases, short videos are usually regarded as electric works, which refer to works that are shot on a certain medium, composed of a series of pictures with or without sound, and projected by appropriate devices or spread by other means.

　　According to Zhang Xingshui, director of Beijing Jingding Law Firm, short videos belong to the works referred to in the Copyright Law only under certain conditions. It must meet at least the following two conditions: first, it must be reproducible, and the works protected by copyright law are intellectual achievements that can be expressed in the form of material reproduction, including printing, recording, photography, painting and performance; Second, it must be original, which is also the core requirement of the object protected by copyright law, that is, it is conceived independently by the author and cannot be copied, plagiarized or tampered with by others’ works.

　　"China’s copyright law does not define the specific meaning of originality, but in judicial practice, it is generally required that works must reflect the author’s ‘ Choose and judge ’ That is, the work is independently created by the author and reflects some characteristics such as choice, choice, arrangement and design. " Zhang Xingshui said.

　　If a short video belongs to a work as mentioned in the copyright law, how does the copyright belong?

　　Zhang Xingshui replied that copyright is the legal ownership of the right to copy computer programs, literary works, musical works, photos, movies, etc. Short video belongs to the works mentioned in the copyright law, and the right holder enjoys copyright. For the problem of the right boundary between short video platforms and between short video platforms and users, the ownership of short video rights should be considered first.

　　"The right holder of short video may be a user or a short video platform. If the user is the right holder of the short video, the short video platform may obtain the copyright based on the employment relationship, or may obtain the copyright through transfer. " Zhang Xingshui said.

　　Spreading video against standards

　　It is strictly forbidden to exceed the scope of use.

　　Some people think that with the increase of short video platforms, the number of short videos increases, and if others’ works are used for non-profit use, it does not constitute infringement.

　　In Zhang Xingshui’s view, the unprofitable use of other people’s works also constitutes infringement. Article 22 of the Copyright Law stipulates 12 kinds of scope of fair use, and Article 6 of the Regulations on the Protection of Information Network Communication stipulates 8 kinds of scope of fair use, which are mainly judged according to the purpose, nature and degree of using the work and the market influence of the used work.

　　"For personal study, research or appreciation, use the published works of others, or introduce and comment on a work or explain a problem, and appropriately quote the published works of others in the works. Therefore, when spreading videos, the public should remember to refer to the standards and judge whether their behavior falls within the scope of reasonable use specified above. If it is not within the scope of fair use, it will be considered as infringement. " Zhang Xingshui said.

　　So what are the common types of infringement of short videos?

　　According to Zheng Ning, there are three common types of short video infringement. One is to use other people’s short videos without permission; The second is to spread film and television works, sports, variety shows and other fragments without permission; Third, unauthorized use of other people’s music, words, art and other works in short videos.

　　Zhang Xingshui believes that the copyright infringement of short video refers to the act of uploading and downloading without the permission of the copyright owner and without legal basis, reprinting between networks or exercising the rights exclusively enjoyed by the copyright owner in other improper ways on the network.

　　Zhang Xingshui said that there are five basic types of online copyright infringement:

　　One is to publish his works without the permission of the copyright owner. Infringement of the copyright owner’s right to publish under the network environment mainly takes the following forms: making his works public without the author’s permission; To publish a work in advance or delay against the author’s will; Publicizing a work in other forms against the author’s wishes.

　　Second, the works are used for network communication by means of copying, exhibition, distribution and projection without permission.

　　The third is to use other people’s works for online communication, without paying remuneration as agreed.

　　The fourth is to distort and tamper with other people’s works. Under the network environment, compared with traditional media, it is easier for others to distort and tamper with works, and the copyright owner’s right to protect the integrity of works is more vulnerable to infringement.

　　The fifth is to plagiarize other people’s works. Infringe on the copyright owner’s right of publication, signature and reproduction. Plagiarism of other people’s works has two forms: one is to copy the works of the copyright owner completely or mostly; The other is to change the content or form of the copyright owner’s work to a certain extent for plagiarism.

　　How to identify the infringement? Zheng Ning said that there are two criteria for determining whether it constitutes infringement:

　　First, contact is similar to substance. Contact means that the previous works can be obtained by the public, and the substance similarity is complicated, which requires the accused infringing works to be substantially identical or similar to the original works in expression, and it is enough to influence readers’ choice and evaluation of the original works. There are many methods to judge substantive similarity, such as overall comparison method, reader observation method, partial comparison method, etc., which are usually comprehensively judged by courts or professional copyright appraisal institutions.

　　The second is to see if there is a legitimate defense. Article 21 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law stipulates that in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Copyright Law, the use of a published work without the permission of the copyright owner shall not affect the normal use of the work, nor shall it reasonably harm the legitimate interests of the copyright owner.

　　How to use short videos does not constitute infringement? Zheng Ning suggested that, first, it should be authorized by the copyright owner; Second, rational use does not affect the normal use of the original work, and cannot unreasonably harm the legitimate rights and interests of the copyright owner.

　　The platform shall fulfill its due obligations.

　　Avoid joint infringement.

　　In the case of short video infringement, is the platform released by the infringing short video liable except for the litigants?

　　In this regard, Zhang Xingshui bluntly said that from the perspective of industry development, the short video platform, as the promoter and operator of the short video industry, has a natural high obligation and responsibility for the standardization of short video communication behavior and the benign development of the industry. However, in the existing infringement cases, short video websites are often based on the safe haven principle, claiming that as a network service provider, they only have the responsibility of notifying deletion.

　　Zhang Xingshui believes that according to the law, whether the platform party, as a provider of short video content storage and link services, can be exempted from liability should first analyze and consider the following three factors: First, whether the short video website knows or should know that the content on its platform is infringing; Second, whether the content provided by the client has not been changed; Third, whether to get economic benefits from infringing short videos.

　　"To sum up, no matter from what angle, the short video platform cannot be exempted from short video infringement of popular movies, variety shows and well-known sports events based on the safe haven principle." Zhang Xingshui said.

　　In Zheng Ning’s view, there are exceptions to the safe haven principle. The "Red Flag Standard" stipulated in Article 23 of the Regulations on the Protection of Information Network Communication Rights states that if an Internet service provider knows or should know that the linked works, performances, audio and video products are infringing, it shall bear joint tort liability.

　　At the same time, whether the platform belongs to "should know or know" in Article 9 of the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Civil Dispute Cases Infringement of Information Network Communication Right is mainly determined from the following aspects: First, the type, popularity and obvious degree of the alleged infringing content; The second is the duration of infringement; Third, whether the platform has taken reasonable measures to prevent infringement; Fourth, whether the platform has taken the initiative to select, edit or other recommended active behaviors; The fifth is whether the platform obtains direct economic benefits from it.

　　"Therefore, if the short video platform fails to take timely measures after receiving the infringement notice, or knows or should know the infringement, it should bear the corresponding tort liability." Zheng Ning said.

　　Zheng Ning bluntly said that the frequent short video infringement cases are mainly caused by high infringement income and low infringement cost. She suggested that the first is to strengthen the short video copyright registration; The second is to strengthen the evidence collection and deposit of infringement through blockchain and other technologies; Third, strengthen administrative protection and improve administrative complaints and administrative penalties; Fourth, strengthen judicial protection; Fifth, the short video platform strengthens content review; Sixth, trade associations should strengthen self-discipline.

　　"Performing other people’s works without permission, the webcast platform should also bear the tort liability when it is known. For these problems, the responsibility of the live broadcast platform should be clarified through legislation; Establish a common network supervision model, improve the collective management system, and set up institutions specifically to deal with problems in this field; Strengthen relevant publicity and awaken public awareness of rights. " Zhang Xingshui said. (Reporter Han Dandong Intern Jiang Shan)