Nepal’s Ministry of Interior: A strong earthquake has killed 3,904 people in Nepal.

　　Nepal’s Interior Ministry said on the 27th that a strong earthquake has killed 3,904 people in Nepal.

　　The number of people killed in Nepal’s strong earthquake rose to 3815.

　　According to the British "Guardian" report, Nepal’s internal affairs officials said on the 27th that at least 3,815 people had been killed in a strong earthquake of magnitude 8 on the 25th. WHO estimates that this strong earthquake affected more than 5 million people.

　　Strong earthquake in Nepal: the international community continues to increase rescue efforts

　　International rescue forces continue to reinforce the disaster area. United Nations spokesman Orla Fagan said that dozens of international rescue teams have rushed to Nepal, and they will fly to the disaster area as soon as possible. At present, there is an urgent shortage of drinking water and food in the disaster area, power supply is interrupted in many places, mobile phone networks are intermittent, hospitals are overcrowded, and roads leading to the epicenter are blocked.

　　253 Chinese employees of Nepal Hydropower Project of Three Gorges Group were trapped in the construction site.

　　The Na Suaka Li Hydropower Station, which was built in Nepal by China Hydropower Foreign Corporation under the Three Gorges Group, suffered serious losses in the earthquake. At present, 253 Chinese employees are still trapped in the construction site. According to the latest statistics of Three Gorges Group, two Chinese employees were killed, one was seriously injured and several were slightly injured in the earthquake. The communication road between the project and the outside world is completely interrupted, and the material reserve is expected to be only enough for 2 days at most.

　　Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Four China citizens were killed in Nepal.

　　China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said on the 27th that four China citizens were killed in Nepal, including one tourist, one mountaineer on the south side of Mount Everest and two employees of a Chinese-funded company building a project in Nepal. It is understood that before the earthquake, there were about 3,000 to 4,000 China tourists in Nepal. China is sending more flights to try to take back the Nepalese citizens stranded in China as soon as possible.

　　Climbers on the north slope of Mount Qomolangma were evacuated from the safety zone and climbing activities were suspended for ten days.

　　On the 27th, Nima Tsering, deputy director of Xizang Autonomous Region Sports Bureau, told China News Service that at present, Chinese climbers on the north slope of Mount Everest have been evacuated to Shigatse, Tibet, and foreign climbers have also been evacuated to the base camp to rest. At present, all climbers on the north slope have retreated to safety. At the same time, the mountaineering activities on Mount Everest were suspended for ten days for observation.

　　One death, eight injuries and one loss of contact caused by the Everest avalanche in China.

　　On 27th, after contacting Tibet Mountaineering Association, Nepal Mountaineering Association, Nepal Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation, chinese mountaineering association learned that the earthquake in Nepal caused an avalanche on Mount Everest, and one climber in China was killed and eight people were injured, two of them were seriously injured, and one of his friends who participated in the international mountaineering team lost contact.

　　Officials say the number of people killed in Nepal’s strong earthquake has exceeded 3,000 and more than 6,500 people have been injured.

　　The head of the disaster management department of Nepal’s Ministry of Interior said that the 8.1-magnitude earthquake in Nepal has killed 3,218 people and injured more than 6,500 people. At the same time, strong local aftershocks continue to occur, causing inconvenience to disaster relief work and the lives of victims. According to the statistics of the earthquake monitoring department, aftershocks exceeding 4.5 have occurred at least 30 times.

　　Tourism Bureau: There are more than 4,000 tourists in China, and 3,000 are individual tourists.

　　According to the website of the National Tourism Administration, according to the investigation of the travel agency team management system of the National Tourism Administration and the data reported by the provincial tourism commissions, at 12:00 on April 26th, there were about 39 China tourism teams in Nepal, with 1,047 tourists (teams and free travellers). It is estimated that there are about 3,000 individual travelers in Nepal.

　　Nearly 300 thousand people in Tibet were affected by the strong earthquake in Nepal, and the magnitude 7.1 aftershock expanded the disaster.

　　On the 27th, the reporter learned from the Tibetan authorities that the 7.1-magnitude aftershock in Nepal at 15: 09 on the 26th aggravated landslides in some areas of Shigatse, Tibet, and blocked roads in many places. In addition, the climate in the disaster-stricken areas in Tibet has been abnormal recently, with continuous rain and snow, which has greatly affected the earthquake relief work and further expanded the disaster situation.

　　The earthquake killed 20 people in Tibet, and the rescue and disaster relief are facing difficulties.

　　On the 26th, the reporter learned from the official that as of press time, the number of people killed in the earthquake in Nepal in Tibet has increased to 20, and another 4 people are missing, 55 people are injured, 1,191 houses and 1 temple have collapsed, 5,828 houses and 54 temples have been damaged to varying degrees, 58 communication base stations have been damaged, and more than 200,000 people have been affected to varying degrees.

　　The aftershocks are frequent, and the "island" of Zhangmu in Tibet is difficult to pass.

　　At 14: 11 on the 25th, an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 in Boccara, Nepal, spread to Zhangmu Port on the Sino-Nepal border. More than 40 hours have passed, and rescuers are still unable to enter Zhangmu Town. At present, the rescue force is only the last 30 kilometers away from Zhangmu Town. However, the aftershock caused the No.2 bridge in the direction of Nyalam to collapse, and Kangqiao Mingdong was buried by landslide. Not only was the vehicle impassable, but 57 commandos who were hiking to Zhangmu were also forced to withdraw.

　　The earthquake in Nepal has killed more than 2,000 people and strong aftershocks continue to occur.

　　According to official statistics of Nepal, the earthquake has caused at least 2,430 deaths and about 6,000 injuries in the country. The earthquake has killed at least 62 people and injured more than 250 people in India. At least 20 people were killed, 4 people were missing, 58 people were injured and more than 200,000 people were affected to varying degrees in Tibet, China. The earthquake also killed four people and injured more than 200 people in Bangladesh.

　　The number of casualties is rising, and international rescue is racing against time.

　　After the disaster, Nepal declared a state of emergency and appealed for international assistance. On the 26th, a large number of relief supplies, doctors and relief workers from neighboring countries have arrived in Nepal. With the help of the international team, rescuers worked hard to clear the ruins. Due to the limited site conditions, rescuers, including the police and the army, had to dig with their bare hands in an attempt to rescue the survivors under the rubble of the collapsed building.

　　About 350 citizens of China are still stranded at Nepalese airport.

　　Up to now, there are about 350 China tourists stranded in tribhuvan international airport. China Embassy vacated the consular compound, arranged special personnel to receive China citizens who came for help, and more than 150 people were temporarily arranged to spend the night safely in the museum. In addition to Nepalese citizens who are traveling in China, there are more than 2,100 Chinese-funded institutions in China.

　　Click to view the summary of important information:

　　Summary of Important Information of Strong Earthquake in Nepal on 25th

　　Summary of Important Information on 26th Strong Earthquake in Nepal

Team Xiang Ye of Medical College made a breakthrough in the research of African swine fever virus.

Li Pilong’s research group of School of Life and Li Haitao’s research group of Medical College cooperated to report the new mechanism of histone modification regulating chromatin compartmentalization by promoting phase separation.

The Engineering Laboratory of Medical College reported the key factors regulating the spread of dengue virus and put forward a new anti-dengue blocking strategy.

The research group of Li Yue, Department of Electronics, issued a report on the realization of near-zero exponential concept devices by dielectric integrated optical doping.

Fang Xianyang’s research group of School of Life has made new progress in the solution structure study of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA of flavivirus.

Zhu Junming and Xue Lan of the School of Public Administration jointly published a document to reveal the impact of China’s carbon emission trading policy on low-carbon innovation.

Zhong Yi’s research group of School of Life reveals the downstream molecular mechanism of active forgetting of different memory components.

Xiao Bailong from the School of Pharmacy and Li Xueming from the School of Life jointly published a paper in Nature.

Reveal the delicate molecular machines structure and mechanism that mediates human tactile perception.

Team Xiang Ye of Tsinghua Medical College has made a breakthrough in the research of African swine fever virus.

On September 17th, a team led by Xiang Ye, an associate professor hired by Tsinghua University Medical Dean and a researcher at Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, published an academic paper entitled "Structure of the African Swine fever virus major capsid protein p72" online in Cell Research. In this study, the high-resolution structure of African classical swine fever virus capsid protein p72 was analyzed for the first time by the method of three-dimensional reconstruction of single particle by cryoelectron microscope, and the possible assembly mechanism of African classical swine fever virus capsid was revealed, which laid a solid foundation for the development of African classical swine fever virus subunit vaccine.

African swine fever virus originated in Africa, and the mortality rate of domestic pig infection is nearly 100%, which is a great threat to domestic pig breeding industry and even people’s livelihood and economy. African swine fever virus has spread rapidly from Africa to Europe, South America and some parts of Asia in the past few decades. In August 2018, African swine fever virus infection was found in northeast China, and soon the virus spread to most parts of the country, causing economic losses of more than 100 billion yuan. At present, it is urgent to develop effective vaccines and epidemic prevention measures to control and prevent African swine fever virus. In response to the urgent needs of the country, Tsinghua University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure took the lead, and more than a dozen research groups from Peking University, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Pasteur Institute and other units began to tackle key problems of African swine fever virus in April this year.

▲ Structure of African classical swine fever virus: a. Simulate the capsid structure of African classical swine fever virus produced by virus assembly according to the capsid protein p72 structure of African classical swine fever virus; B freeze electron microscopic structure of African classical swine fever virus capsid protein p72 trimer.

African swine fever virus is a double-stranded DNA virus with complex structure. Its genome is protected by two capsids and two outer membranes. The capsids are mainly composed of virus coding protein p72. According to previous experimental data, p72 accounts for about 33% of the total weight of virus particles, and p72 is the main antigen that can be detected in the blood of infected pigs. At the initial stage of studying p72 protein, Xiang Ye’s research group found that p72 protein with correct folding conformation could not be obtained by recombinant expression of p72 protein alone, and only when p72 was co-expressed with another helper protein B602L encoded by African swine fever, could the p72 protein with correct folding conformation be obtained. On this premise, the research team determined the high-resolution 3-D structure of p72 protein of 2.67 angstrom (above) by using the method of single particle 3-D reconstruction with cryoelectron microscope. The results showed that three p72 molecules formed a stable trimer form. Each p72 contains two pancake-like domains connected in series, and each domain consists of eight β-folded sheets, which is very common in the capsid protein structure of icosahedral virus. The six cake-like structures of trimer p72 together form a pseudo-hexamer whose bottom is anchored on the inner membrane of the virus. The inserted fragments between trimer p72 folded sheets together form a propeller-like top structure that extends out of the virus, which is most likely the receptor binding area on the cell surface.

There have been many attempts to study subunit vaccines based on p72 protein of African classical swine fever virus, but no satisfactory results have been obtained. The failure of previous studies is probably due to the failure to use the correctly folded p72 protein. Obtaining the correctly folded p72 protein and determining its high-resolution structure are helpful to develop drugs targeting virus capsid assembly and subunit vaccines. At present, the research and development and evaluation of p72 subunit vaccine are being closely carried out by Tsinghua University and Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Associate Professor Xiang Ye is the correspondent of this article. Liu Qi, a 2014 Ph.D. student from Tsinghua University Life Union Center, is the first author of this paper. Ma Bingting, a 2015 Ph.D. student from Xiangye Laboratory, Associate Professor Tan Xu from Tsinghua University College of Pharmacy and their laboratory members Qian Nianchao and Zhang Fan, and Professor Lei Jianlin, director of the cryo-electron microscope platform of Tsinghua University Life College, participated in this work.

Paper link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-019-0232-x

Li Pilong’s research group of Tsinghua Life College cooperated with Li Haitao’s research group of Medical College to report the new mechanism of histone modification regulating chromatin compartmentalization by promoting phase separation.

On September 16th, Li Pilong’s research group of Tsinghua University Life College cooperated with Li Haitao’s research group of Tsinghua University Medical College. An academic article entitled "Histone modifications regulate chromatin compartmentalization by contributing to a phase separation mechanism" was published in Molecular Cell.

Eukaryotic cells use many membrane-bound organelles to distinguish biochemical reactions in order to better regulate space and time. For example, their genomes are enclosed in a membrane-bound organelle, namely the nucleus, in order to better control the genetic information flow. In the nucleus, the genome is further regulated to form many compartments or regions, which play an important role in regulating gene expression. Judging from some of their characteristics, these dynamic solid compartments are similar to membraneless organelles. Many protein that play a role in chromatin compartmentalization have the inherent ability of liquid-liquid separation, such as human heterochromatin protein HP1α and Drosophila heterochromatin protein HP1a. Based on these observations, it has been suggested that chromatin compartmentalization is formed by liquid-liquid separation. However, the previous studies can’t explain why the other two homologous proteins, HP1β and HP1γ, of human heterochromatin protein HP1α, which can’t be separated by themselves or from DNA, perform similar functions, and whether the formation of constitutive heterochromatin is regulated by the liquid-liquid separation mechanism formed by multivalent interaction between multivalent HP1 protein complex and multivalent histone H3K9 trimethyl (H3K9me3).

▲ Liquid-liquid separation mediated by multivalent interaction between H3K9me3 on nucleosome string and CD of HP1 complex promotes the formation of heterochromatin compartments.

In this work, Li Pilong and Li Haitao’s research group cooperated to prove that in vitro, the modification of histone H3K9 trimethyl (H3K9me3) and the multivalent interaction of recognizing its modified HP1 chromatin domain Chromodomain(CD) can lead to the formation of heterochromatin. The authors used two polyvalent HP1-CD complexes, the key chromatin fragment (NE) extracted from human nucleus and the nucleosome string (NA) modified by H3K9me3 in vitro as experimental systems. Several evidences show that the formation of these droplets is mediated by liquid-liquid separation. The resulting droplets are reminiscent of the dynamic behavior of heterochromatin and its response to biochemical regulation and mutant phenotype. The author concludes that the liquid-liquid separation driven by multivalent H3K9me3/CD interaction is the key force for the formation of heterochromatin in cells. To sum up, this study proposed a general mechanism of histone labeling regulating chromosome compartmentalization by promoting liquid-liquid separation.

Li Pilong and Li Haitao are co-authors of this article. Wang Liang, a 2015 Ph.D. student from Tsinghua University Life College, Gao Yifei, a 2016 Ph.D. student from Medical College, and Zheng Xiangdong, a postdoctoral fellow from Medical College, are the co-first authors of this article.

Paper link:

https://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/fulltext/S1097-2765(19)30658-6

Cheng Gong Laboratory of Tsinghua Medical College reported the key factors regulating the spread of dengue virus and proposed a new anti-dengue blocking strategy.

On September 16th, Professor Cheng Gong from Tsinghua University Medical College published an academic paper entitled "Host serum iron modulations of dengue virus acquisition by mosquitoes" (doi: 10.1038/S41564-019-0555-) in Nature Microbiology. This study found for the first time that the iron content in human serum is the key factor to regulate the transmission of dengue virus by mosquitoes, and put forward an anti-dengue transmission blocking strategy based on iron supplementation.

Dengue fever is one of the most widespread viral infectious diseases in the world. Dengue virus is carried by mosquitoes and spread to people. At present, dengue fever has been prevalent in more than 100 countries and regions around the world. According to the estimation of the World Health Organization, about 2.5 billion people in the world live in areas threatened by dengue infection, 390 million people are infected or repeatedly infected with dengue virus every year, and 500-1 million people are hospitalized. Dengue fever has become the largest insect-borne viral infectious disease in the world. In recent 20 years, the epidemic trend of dengue fever in the world has intensified, which has become a worldwide public health problem. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the primary vectors of dengue virus transmission in nature. This kind of mosquitoes are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, but the epidemic trend of dengue fever is not completely consistent with the distribution of mosquitoes, and there are obvious population and regional differences in dengue fever. Identifying the key factors affecting the spread of dengue virus is a key scientific problem to be answered in this field.

Mosquitoes can acquire viruses from infected hosts by sucking blood. Within a few days after mosquitoes suck blood, the infected person’s blood is quickly digested. At the same time, the virus in the blood infects the intestinal epithelial cells of mosquitoes and spreads into the body cavity of mosquitoes, so that mosquitoes have the ability to spread viruses. The above two processes are highly coincident in time, so researchers speculate that host blood factors or blood metabolites can regulate the process of virus infection in mosquitoes, and ultimately determine the vector efficiency of mosquitoes carrying and spreading viruses. Through a series of screening, it was found for the first time that the iron ion content in the host serum was highly negatively correlated with the ability of mosquitoes to acquire virus by blood-sucking, and it was proved that the iron ion concentration in the serum was the key negative regulatory factor to inhibit mosquitoes from acquiring virus infection. The results of further research show that iron ions in serum can be directly utilized by the iron metabolism system of intestinal cells after entering the intestinal tract of mosquitoes, which inhibits the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in cells, leading to a significant increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the intestinal tract of mosquitoes, and finally inhibits the infection and amplification of viruses in mosquitoes (Figure 1).

▲ Figure 1. Host serum iron ions can increase the level of reactive oxygen species in the intestinal tract of mosquitoes and inhibit the infection of dengue virus in mosquitoes by inhibiting the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in intestinal cells.

Iron deficiency is a nutritional problem widely existing in nature. According to the World Health Organization, iron deficiency is widely distributed in Africa, South America, Southeast Asia and other regions. By comparison, it can be found that the distribution area of iron deficiency is highly coincident with the epidemic area of dengue fever, so the researchers speculate that the iron deficiency state of the population is closely related to the epidemic of dengue virus. In the subsequent study, it was found that the low iron state of the host can promote mosquitoes to infect the virus during blood feeding, and iron supplementation to the low iron host can block the spread of the virus. It shows that universal iron supplementation is an effective means to cut off the spread of dengue virus in nature, which will provide a new prevention and control idea and strategy for dengue virus prevention and control.

▲ Figure 2. Iron supplementation to the host can block mosquitoes from carrying and spreading dengue virus.

Professor Cheng Gong of Tsinghua University Medical College is the correspondent of this paper, and Zhu Yibin, a postdoctoral fellow of Tsinghua University Medical College, is the first author. Professor Wang Penghua from the Medical College of the University of Connecticut, Professor Liu Qiyong from the Institute of Infectious Diseases of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Professor Bian Zhongqi from the Department of Infectious Diseases of the 920th Hospital of China People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Professor Itsanun Wiwatanaratanabutr from Thailand Xianhuang Institute of Technology, and Wu Tianshi, deputy chief physician of Tsinghua University School Hospital, are the collaborators of this paper.

Paper link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-019-0555-x

The research group of Li Yue, Department of Electronics, Tsinghua, published a report in Nature Communication on the realization of near-zero exponential concept devices through dielectric integrated optical doping.

On September 11th, the research group of Associate Professor Li Yue of Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering published a research paper entitled "Substance-integrated photonic doping for near-zero-index devices" in Nature Communications. It is the first time to propose an optical doping method that can be integrated with dielectric to realize functional devices with near-zero exponential electromagnetic characteristics, which provides a new design method for new chip integrated circuits and has potential application value in biosensor, integrated circuits, functional materials and other fields.

▲ Conceptual diagram of dielectric integrated optical doping: (a) linear structure, (b) bending structure.

Near-zero-index device is a kind of functional device based on near-zero index medium. Compared with traditional electromagnetic devices, it has the characteristics of deformation, local adjustment and field enhancement. Electromagnetic wave in near-zero exponential medium presents a special wave effect of spatial static distribution, including near-zero refractive index and group velocity, as well as infinite wavelength and phase velocity. In 2017, Professor Nader Engheta and Associate Professor Li Yue of the Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania jointly published an article in the journal Science, proposing the concept of optical doping based on near-zero exponential media for the first time, transplanting doping technology from micro-scale to macro-scale, and regulating the magnetic permeability of equivalent media through doping in non-ordered media, thus realizing multi-modal control such as paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ideal magnet. It is a kind of aperiodic structure.

▲ Experimental observation of optical doping characteristics of dielectric integration: (a) test platform, (b) near-zero reflection, zero phase and high group delay.

Based on the engineering application of the new theory, this paper puts forward an optical doping method based on dielectric integration. Combining with typical integrated circuit technology, the regulation of optical doping on the magnetic characteristics of equivalent media is expressed as the regulation of the electromagnetic response of chip integrated devices, and a variety of near-zero exponential functional devices are realized. For example, a high-sensitivity biosensor with the help of local field enhancement effect in doped media, an efficient photoacoustic modulator with weak mechanical vibration, and an "electric fiber" (analogous to optical fiber) that can be bent and deformed at will and its working frequency remains unchanged. In addition, Li Yue team verified the electromagnetic characteristics of the concept of dielectric integrated optical doping through experiments, and observed zero phase shift, high time delay, position independence of doped media and device shape independence, which were consistent with the analytical theoretical prediction and full-wave simulation results.

The theoretical and experimental work of this thesis was completed in Tsinghua University, and the Department of Electronic Engineering of Tsinghua University was the first unit of this thesis. Li Yue and Nader Enkhtar are the corresponding authors of this article, and Zhou Ziheng, a doctoral student in the Department of Electronic Engineering, is the first author. Other authors include Li Hao and Sun Wangyu, Ph.D. students from Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering, and Dr. Inigo Liberal from Navarre Public University.

Paper link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12083-y

Fang Xianyang’s research group of Tsinghua Institute of Life has made new progress in the study of solution structure of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA of flavivirus.

On September 10th, Fang Xianyang’s research group of the School of Life cooperated with Qin Chengfeng’s research group of the Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology of the Academy of Military Medicine. A research paper entitled "Long non-coding subgenomic RNA of flavivirus has extended 3D structures and is flexible in solution" was published in EMBO Reports. In this paper, the solution structure of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA from flavivirus type 2 dengue virus, Zika virus and West Nile virus was reported in detail for the first time.

▲ Flow chart of studying the structure of flavivirus sfRNA solution by SAXS and computational simulation.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, which plays a variety of important functions in organisms and is a hot spot in life science research. Like its host, almost all viruses can encode long-chain noncoding RNA. Many mosquito-borne flavivirus, such as dengue virus, Zika virus and West Nile virus, are pathogens that pose a great threat to human health. A large number of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA(sfRNA) will accumulate in the infected host cells, which play an important role in the pathogenicity of the virus and the immune escape from the host.

It is of great significance to study the structure-function of long-chain noncoding RNA, but at present, there is no effective means to study its three-dimensional spatial structure, so the three-dimensional spatial structure information of long-chain noncoding RNA is still very little. The length of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA from mosquito-borne flavivirus is between 400 and 500 nucleotides, so it is very difficult to study its structure by using traditional structural biology methods, such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance or cryoelectron microscopy. Fang Xianyang’s research team and their collaborators, combined with small-angle X-ray scattering technology and computational simulation, studied the solution structure and flexibility of long-chain non-coding subgenomic RNA from dengue virus type 2, Zika virus and West Nile virus by step-by-step solution. It is found that the long non-coding subgenomic RNA of flavivirus has multiple subdomains, which have an extended three-dimensional spatial structure in solution, modular structural characteristics similar to multi-domain proteins and great flexibility.

It is particularly interesting that the three-dimensional spatial shapes and structures of the dumbbell-shaped domains in series of sfRNA of Dengue virus, Zika virus and West Nile virus based on small-angle X-ray scattering data are significantly different, which is presumed to be caused by the topological differences of their pseudo-knots in series. This inference is confirmed by further computational simulation, in vitro biochemistry and in vivo cell experiments. This study is an active exploration of the three-dimensional structure of long-chain noncoding RNA. The research results of this paper not only provide important structural information for understanding the physiological function of sfRNA, but also show that the integrated structural biology method based on small-angle X-ray scattering and computational simulation is a feasible method for studying the three-dimensional structure of other long-chain noncoding RNA solutions.

Fang Xianyang, researcher of Tsinghua University Life College, and Qin Chengfeng, researcher of Institute of Microbial Epidemiology, Institute of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Sciences, are co-authors of this article. Zhang Yupeng, a 2013 direct doctoral student of Tsinghua University Life College, Zhang Yikan, a 2016 general doctoral student, Dr. Liu Zhongyu, an associate professor of Institute of Microbial Epidemiology, and Cheng Mengli, a master student of Institute of Microbial Epidemiology, are co-authors of this article.

Paper link:

https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.201847016

Zhu Junming and Xue Lan of Tsinghua University of Public Administration jointly published a document to reveal the impact of China’s carbon emission trading policy on low-carbon innovation.

On September 9th, Associate Professor Zhu Junming and Professor Xue Lan from School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University published a research paper entitled "Low-carbon innovation induced by emissions trading in China" online in the international academic journal Nature Communications, and evaluated the effect of the pilot policy of carbon emissions trading in China on promoting enterprise innovation and its mechanism.

Carbon emission trading is a widely concerned market-based carbon emission reduction policy, which has been adopted by many countries and regions in the world and can play an important role in mitigating climate change. At present, the empirical knowledge about the effect of carbon emissions trading policy mainly comes from the study of EU carbon market. However, people still have little understanding of the scope of this market-oriented policy, the influence of interaction with other policies and the changes in the mechanism brought about by policy design, which limits the further promotion and greater role of the policy.

In order to solve this problem, Associate Professor Zhu Junming and Professor Xue Lan from School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University pay close attention to the pilot policy of carbon emission trading in China since 2013, and use enterprise-level data and patent application information to empirically test the influence and potential mechanism of the policy on low-carbon innovation of enterprises by using the methods of matching and double difference. Low-carbon innovation is helpful to get rid of the path dependence on carbon-intensive economy and energy infrastructure, and alleviate the negative impact caused by the uncertain trend of carbon emission reduction, which is very important to achieve stable emission reduction.

▲ Patent application trends of carbon trading enterprises and non-carbon trading enterprises.

It is found that, on the basis of the impact of policies such as energy conservation and emission reduction and low-carbon pilot projects, carbon emission trading has promoted trading enterprises to increase 1.75 low-carbon patent applications within two years, which is close to the policy effect of two low-carbon patent applications in the EU carbon market within five years, and at the same time, it has increased the applications of other types of patents, especially other green technology patents. The influence scope of the policy goes beyond the carbon emission trading enterprises, and the influence on enterprises that have not been included in carbon trading but may be included in the future is also very significant. It is also found that the innovation behavior of enterprises is not affected by the price of carbon trading, but by the way of quota allocation. This series of research findings provide a reference for the construction of China’s national carbon market.

Associate Professor Zhu Junming from the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University is the first author and co-author of the article, while Deng Xinghua, a former postdoctoral fellow in Tsinghua University and now a lecturer at Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, is the co-author of the article, and Professor Xue Lan and Fan Yichun, an undergraduate graduate of Tsinghua University and now a master of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, are the co-authors of the paper.

Paper link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12213-6

Zhong Yi’s research group of Tsinghua Institute of Life reveals the downstream molecular mechanism of active forgetting of different memory components.

On September 5th, the research group of Zhong Yi, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University published a research paper entitled "Genetic Dissection of Active Forgetting in Labile and Consolidated Memories in Drosophila" in PNAS.

In this paper, the downstream molecular mechanisms of active forgetting of unstable short memory and stable long memory in Drosophila were systematically compared and analyzed for the first time. It was found that the active forgetting of unstable short memory was mediated by Rac1/WAVE complex/ Dia pathway, while the active forgetting of stable long memory was mediated by Cdc42/WASp/ Arp2/3 complex pathway. As Dia and Arp2/3 complex are reported to regulate the linear growth and branching growth of neurofilament skeleton respectively, the research results of this paper provide an interesting possibility: the active forgetting of memory components with different stability may be related to the growth mode of different forms of neurofilament structure.

▲ Analysis of forgetting mechanism of stable memory and unstable memory.

As early as 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus, a German psychologist, described the forgetting curve of the human brain for newly acquired memories, and began the journey of human beings to explore the mystery of forgetting. In the following 100 years, many scholars tried to find the mechanism of forgetting by using the method of experimental psychology, and also created a variety of theories to explain the phenomenon of forgetting, but ultimately failed to get a unified answer. As a basic feature of human memory, forgetfulness has been widely studied and reported in psychology, but almost no one cares about it in the research of neurobiology, and it has become a "forgotten corner". The main reason may be that the forgetting process is simply regarded as another description of memory failure, and it is a passive process (if you remember poorly, you will forget quickly, and if you remember well, you will forget slowly), thus ignoring the unique molecular mechanism of forgetting itself.

Until 2010, Professor Zhong Yi’s research group discovered the biological mechanism of active forgetting for the first time, that is, the learning process itself will activate the molecular pathway of forgetting signals to actively forget the formed memories. This active forgetting mechanism does not affect the quality of learning itself, but specifically affects the speed of forgetting acquired memories. Moreover, different memory components will have their own active forgetting mechanisms. For example, in the olfactory punishment learning of Drosophila, one training (5 minutes) can produce two completely different memory components at the same time: unstable anesthesia-sensitive memory (ASM) and relatively stable anesthesia-resistant memory (ARM) which lasts for more than one day. Zhong Yi’s research group has found that a study session can activate Rac1 molecule in the small G protein family to erase the unstable anesthetic sensitive memory that lasts for several hours, and activate Cdc42 molecule, another member of the small G protein family, to forget the more stable anti-anesthetic memory that lasts for more than one day. However, the specific downstream molecular pathways of the forgetting mechanism mediated by Rac1 and Cdc42 are not clear.

Recently, the research paper published online by Zhong Yi’s research group analyzed the downstream molecular pathways of these two forgetting mechanisms for the first time: Rac1/WAVE complex/ Dia pathway mediates the active forgetting of short-term memory components (unstable anesthesia-sensitive memories that last for several hours), while Cdc42/WASp/ Arp2/3 complex pathway mediates the active forgetting of long-term memory components (relatively stable anti-anesthesia memories that last for more than one day). Both of these active forgetting mechanisms occur in the mushroom body of the learning and memory center of Drosophila (the mushroom body contains about 4000 neurons, and the whole brain of Drosophila has more than 100 thousand neurons). Interestingly, cell biology research found that Dia was directly responsible for the linear growth of microfilament skeleton, while Arp2/3 complex was responsible for the branching growth of microfilament skeleton. This suggests that the active forgetting function of different memory components may be related to different forms of dynamic changes in the microfilament skeleton structure of neurons. On the one hand, these research results bring the academic understanding of the molecular mechanism of forgetting into a more detailed dimension, on the other hand, they provide more effective pharmacological targets for directly regulating the function of forgetting.

Gao Yang, a Ph.D. student in the School of Life Sciences of Tsinghua University, Shuai Yichun, a researcher in the Janelia Research Campus of the United States, Zhang Xuchen, a graduate doctoral student in the School of Life Sciences of Tsinghua University, and Peng Yuwei, a doctoral student, are the co-first authors of this paper. Professor Zhong Yi from Tsinghua University and Assistant Researcher Li Gan are co-authors of this article.

Paper link:

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903763116

Xiao Bailong of Tsinghua Pharmaceutical College and Li Xueming’s research group of School of Life jointly published a paper in Nature.

Reveal the delicate molecular machines structure and mechanism that mediates human tactile perception.

On August 21, Nature (Nature) The journal published the research paper "Structure and Mechanizing of the Mammalian Tactical Channel Piezo2" written by Xiao Bailong’s research group of Tsinghua University Pharmaceutical College and Li Xueming’s research group of College of Life Sciences. The three-dimensional structure and exquisite working mechanism of high-resolution cryoelectron microscope, a mechanical force molecular receptor-PIEZO 2 ion channel, which gives human tactile perception ability, are reported for the first time. This research is another important research achievement in this field after the two research groups reported in Nature on January 22nd, 2018 the high-resolution three-dimensional structure and molecular mechanism of another member of the mechanically gated PIZO channel family-PIZO 1 ion channel, which not only strongly promoted the understanding of the structural basis and molecular mechanism of PIZO channel family, but also laid a solid foundation for drug development based on PIZO channel. At the same time, Nature published a commentator’s article and spoke highly of the research.

Touch, as one of the five senses, not only gives us the ability to perceive pleasant touches such as shaking hands, stroking and kissing to maintain normal social behavior, but also bears the biological basis for human beings to skillfully use various tools such as touch screen, mobile phone or mouse. However, under pathological conditions such as tissue injury or inflammation, abnormal tactile perception function can lead to severe mechanical hypersensitivity (also known as touch pain). For example, patients with cancer or arthritis often suffer from severe pain caused by slight touch such as dressing or walking, which seriously affects individual health and quality of life. In addition, autistic people usually show more sensitive tactile perception than ordinary people. Recent studies suggest that this abnormal tactile function may be one of the important causes of autism.

Tactile perception originates from the response of mechanical force sensing molecular receptor-mechanically gated cation channel expressed on primary sensory neurons to mechanical force stimulation, which causes extracellular cations, such as sodium ions and calcium ions, to flow into cells, which in turn induces nerve cell excitement and signal transmission, and finally leads to tactile sensation. In 2010, the research group of Professor Ardem Patapoutian of Scripps Institute in the United States identified that the Piezo gene family encodes the necessary components of mechanically gated cation channels in mammals. In 2012, Dr. Xiao Bailong, who is engaged in postdoctoral research in Professor Patapoutian’s research group, and his colleagues reported in the journal Nature that Piezo protein constitutes the core pore component of mechanically gated cation channels, thus establishing a brand-new ion channel family type of mechanically gated Piezo channels for the first time.

Subsequent studies have proved that Piezo2 mediates the mechanical perception of tactile, proprioception (such as posture balance perception) and visceral perception (such as lung contraction and expansion, blood pressure perception and heart rate regulation) in mammals, while Piezo1 has been found to act as a molecular receptor of mechanical force in a variety of cell tissues and participate in regulating the development of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, blood pressure homeostasis, bone formation and remodeling and many other functions. The genetic mutation of Piezo gene has been found to cause many human genetic diseases, including erythrocytopenia syndrome, lymphatic edema, distal joint contracture, tactile loss and so on. The human body with the loss-of-function mutation of Piezo2 not only shows tactile and proprioception defects, but also loses the perception of mechanical hypersensitivity in pathological state, which confirms that Piezo2 channel can be used as an important target for developing new analgesic drugs.

▲ Figure A, schematic diagram of frozen electron microscope of Piezo2, in which each subunit is represented by a different color; B, a schematic diagram of a dome-shaped structure surrounded by three outward twisted transmembrane paddle areas, and the transmembrane area is marked by the green dotted line; C, schematic diagram of the topological structure of Piezo2 with 38 transmembrane regions; D, a subunit structure of Piezo2 constitutes a display diagram; E, Piezo2 central pore module area; F, the central pore area of Piezo2 and Piezo1 surrounded by IH-CTD; The radius distribution diagram of the central pore area of G, Piezo2 and Piezo1, including the switch gate of transmembrane area and the Constriction neck)； of intracellular area; H, Piezo1 and Piezo2 mutants with deletion of hat region lack the current induced by mechanical stimulation.

Dr. Xiao Bailong’s research group comprehensively uses the multi-disciplinary research methods, such as biochemical structure, electrophysiological patch clamp, Qualcomm dosage drug screening, transgenic mouse model and human genetics, and focuses on solving the key scientific problems of how the mechanically gated Piezo channel converts mechanical stimulation into electrochemical signals, and how it uses its own mechanical sensitivity and channel characteristics to determine related physiological and pathological functions, and is committed to developing new drugs and technologies targeting Piezo channel. Up to now, as a correspondent (including co-author), he has made a series of important research achievements in the three-dimensional structure analysis, molecular mechanism revelation, small molecule drug discovery and physiological and pathological function exploration of Piezo channel.

In this latest Nature paper, relying on the technical system and research platform established by two research groups for analyzing the structure of Piezo1 channel by cryo-electron microscope, the researchers have made unremitting efforts for more than six years to overcome the difficulty of extremely low expression of mouse-derived Piezo2 with a total length of 2,822 amino acids. Through continuous exploration and optimization of protein purification conditions and sample preparation methods by cryo-electron microscope, a stable and homogeneous protein sample was finally obtained for data collection by cryo-electron microscope. In the process of structural analysis, Piezo protein is extremely flexible, which brings great challenges to the resolution of high-resolution structures. The researchers expanded the symmetry of Piezo2 data particles, cut them into three parts, and calculated them independently, so as to obtain high-resolution structures of each part and then put them together into a complete structure, overcoming the flexibility problem, and finally obtained a three-dimensional structure with an overall resolution of 3.6-3.8 angstroms (Figure A), and successfully analyzed the complete topological structure of Piezo2 protein including 38 transmembrane helical regions (Figures C and D).

The researchers found that the overall three-dimensional structure of Piezo2 channel is similar to that of Piezo1 channel previously analyzed, and it is assembled into a trilobal propeller-like structure with 114 transmembrane helical regions in the form of homotrimer (Figure a-d), and it is established that Piezo channel is a kind of large membrane protein with the most transmembrane times so far. Among them, the 1st to 36th transmembrane helix regions (TM1-36) are sequentially assembled into 9 repetitive structural units with the 4th transmembrane helix region as the unit, and this characteristic structural unit was previously named THU (Transmembrane Helical Unit) with the abbreviation of Tsinghua University (Figure c, d). Very interestingly, these nine thus are connected in series to form a special non-planar transmembrane "Blade" structure, which leads to the three blades enclosing into a dome-shaped structure with a diameter of 28nm and a depth of 10nm (Figure B). Researchers speculate that this dome-shaped PIZO protein-cell membrane system may be one of the structural foundations of PIZO channel with high mechanical sensitivity.

The extracellular "Cap" domain located above the central pore region is completely embedded in the bottom of the dome (Figures A and B), while there is a 9nm long Beam structure inside the cell, which connects the peripheral end of the blade to the intracellular position of the central pore region (Figures a-e). The 38th transmembrane helix (named inner helix, IH) and the trailing intracellular carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) form a central pore part (Figures E and F), including a narrow neck located in the transmembrane region and cytoplasmic region (Figures F and G), suggesting that the Piezo channel structure is in a closed state. The structural comparison between Piezo2 and Piezo1 shows that the transmembrane region narrow site is completely closed in Piezo2 structure, but open in Piezo1 (Figure f, g). Based on this, the researcher proposed that the narrow site forms a switch gate of transmembrane region (Figure f, g). Further structural analysis and electrophysiological function experiments show that the gate may be controlled by the rotation of the top hat domain (Figure H). However, because the narrow constriction neck located in the cytoplasm region is in the closed state in both Piezo1 and Piezo2 structures (Figure f, g), it remains to be further proved whether this site is controlled by the conformational changes of the blade and long rod structure as another switch gate.

Dr. Xiao Bailong said that through the full cooperation with Dr. Li Xueming’s research group, the analysis of the structure from Piezo1 to Piezo2 not only strongly promoted the understanding of the structure and mechanism of mechanical gating of Piezo channel in mammals, but also provided a solid foundation for exploring the mechanism of human diseases caused by the dysfunction of Piezo channel and the identification and discovery of related drugs. Relying on the all-round research platform and academic accumulation of Piezo channel established by their research group, they will devote themselves to the drug discovery and development of Piezo channel.

Dr. Xiao Bailong from Tsinghua University College of Pharmacy and Dr. Li Xueming from College of Life Sciences are co-authors of this paper. Wang Li, a postdoctoral fellow at Tsinghua University College of Pharmacy, Zhou Heng, a 2015 doctoral student at School of Life, Zhang Mingmin, a 2013 doctoral student, and Liu Wenhao, a 2016 doctoral student, are the first authors. In addition, Dr. Deng Tuan, Zhao Qiancheng (now a postdoctoral fellow at Yale University) and Li Yiran of Xiao Bailong’s research group also participated in some research work. Dr lei Jianlin of Tsinghua University cryo-electron microscope platform provided help for data collection of cryo-electron microscope.

Paper link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1505-8.pdf

Graphic | School of Medicine, School of Life, Department of Electronics, School of Public Administration, School of Pharmacy

Editor | Li Jing

Shanghai Metro has been able to use the APP directly without a bus card. What’s so special about this APP?

Since January 20, 2018, the whole network of Shanghai Metro has tried to scan the code and pass the gate. It is no longer afraid to take the subway without change and forget to bring the bus card. The scanned QR code is neither Alipay nor WeChat, but an APP called Metro Metropolis.

During the week of operation, people wearing red vests and Yi Labao can already be seen in subway stations, and more and more passengers are using them. For this change that is closely related to travel, curious babies naturally want to know more about it.

Let’s talk about the pioneer of "off-card" pit stop: NFC.

Before Metro was launched, Shanghai Metro was not the only way to get in and out of the station. In addition to bus cards, we can also see many passengers smartly taking out their mobile phones, smart watches and other equipment to enter the station.

I have to mention NFC here. Mobile phones and smart watches that can be swiped into the station are all card simulation modes using NFC technology. The simple understanding is that the device will record the magnetic core information of the bus card when it is tied, and the device is an analog card when it is used.

The efficiency of entering the station is comparable to that of a real bus card, but its limitations are also fatal-only some Android phones are supported. Apple’s mobile phone has actually had NFC function since the iPhone6, but Apple only opened this function for its own Apple Pay, but it also continued its style; Therefore, NFC has lost half of its territory congenitally, and naturally it has been tepid.

"Scan code" is the magic weapon to be compatible with mobile phone operating system.

With the promotion of scanning code payment by Alipay and WeChat, users have become accustomed to scanning code, and the mass base is quite strong. Indeed, the development of mobile payment in China is no worse than anywhere else in the world. The most important thing is that the hardware limitation of code scanning is not as high as NFC, which can basically cover all subway passengers.

Accurate passenger travel data

Scanning the code into the station is undoubtedly a good thing for passengers, and there is another choice, especially for passengers who easily forget their cards and often lose them. However, it seems unreasonable for Shanghai Metro officials to make great efforts to upgrade the gates and bear the extra operation and maintenance costs only from the convenience of passengers-or because Hangzhou next door supports scanning code to buy tickets and scan code to enter the station, and Shanghai, as a first-tier city, has been left behind too much, and it is hard to face.

Of course, there is no way to guess the specific reasons, but accurate passenger travel data is a scarce wealth.

When using the bus card, the subway company also holds the travel data, but all available data are partial, such as which platform has a large passenger flow and which route has a large passenger flow. According to the personal data of passengers, there are actually related records, such as the frequency of this user taking the subway, the route he often takes, and the time of commuting. However, because the bus card is anonymous, it is impossible to attribute these data to a certain user, let alone the user who triggered this part.

When users start to scan the code and enter the station, all this changes, and the data can be accurately corresponding to a passenger; Perhaps this part of the data can’t be used for the time being, but it is a scarce wealth for smart travel and smart city construction in the future.

Scanning code is a good thing, but why should there be a "Metro Metropolis"? Why not use Alipay or WeChat directly? This is also a question of many people. Obviously, using Alipay has a better experience for passengers. In view of the installed capacity of Alipay, there is no need to worry that users need to download an APP again when using it.

Besides Alipay, there are WeChat and UnionPay.

When Shanghai promoted the matter of scanning code and taking the subway, it was impossible not to consider Alipay at all, but if you think about it carefully, there are WeChat and UnionPay. Do you need compatibility? After all, Shanghai is not Hangzhou, so it is impossible to bet on the Alipay family. If you scan the code and take the subway in Alipay now, the current ticketing system and gate equipment are bound to be reformed. When you access WeChat or UnionPay in the future, you will face the possibility of repeated reforms. Why don’t official website Metro make its own Metro Metropolis APP, establish its own platform, and unify the specifications, so that no matter whether it is connected by WeChat or other manufacturers in the future, there is no need to make additional transformation. This is actually a long-term plan.

Who is the subject and who is the entrance of traffic?

Who is the subject. If Shanghai Metro opens the boarding code function on Alipay APP, the answer to this question will be vague, and scanning the code to ride will become a function of Alipay, which will contribute to Alipay’s market share and stability in Shanghai, and the entrance of user traffic will also be concentrated on Alipay APP. Shanghai Metro won’t do this, thus losing its initiative and future bargaining power.

Moreover, the installed capacity of Shanghai Metro’s own official APP has been very small, and it is not suitable for commercial advertisements. You can just take a ride to promote the function of scanning code and increase the download volume of "Metro Metropolis". After traffic, putting some advertisements can also be regarded as a means of profit.

Travel data

If the user completes the whole process of scanning the code on Alipay APP, all the user data will remain in Alipay. The accurate user travel data that the subway official has always wanted, as well as the reach of users in the future, is a fantasy.

Indeed, we found that the scope of cooperation between Metro Metropolis and Alipay and UnionPay is limited to providing users with real-name authentication capabilities and payment capabilities.

For various reasons, Shanghai Metro chose to build its own APP, but their experience and technical strength are far less than those of professional Internet companies in making applications.

Here are a few cases:

"Oh, my God, why do you have to turn on Bluetooth?"

Among them, the most talked about is to turn on Bluetooth. Indeed, when our "Metro Metropolis" APP scans the code, it must turn on Bluetooth. Why? The direct reason is that official website chose the self-built APP, and the fundamental reason is that the QR code can only interact in one direction, and the APP can’t get any information through the QR code. The passenger’s fare calculation is done independently by APP. If APP can’t get the location of the station, it can’t calculate the fare at all.

In order to solve this problem, Shanghai Metro has also spent a lot of effort. Through a series of problems with companies, it has launched the technology of "Double Offline BLE Bluetooth Write-back of QR code", and the story of "Double Offline" is left to the next node, saying that "Bluetooth Write-back" is actually a means for subway gates to inform APP passengers of the information of getting in and out of the station. The general process is as follows:

1. The mobile phone generates a two-dimensional code (including the user’s id, mobile phone Bluetooth address and other related information).
2. The gate reads the QR code information and sends it to the controller.
3. The controller on the gate calls the Bluetooth module of the mobile phone.
4. The mobile phone Bluetooth establishes communication with the gate controller, and writes back relevant information (information of the subway station, arrival time, etc.).
5. The gate is released.

Under normal circumstances, the above interaction process needs to be completed within half a second.

So, you must turn on Bluetooth. Why don’t you turn on Bluetooth when Alipay shows the QR code for payment, because nothing will be written back at all during the payment process. After the merchant scans the code, it has nothing to do with the QR code, and the user Alipay only receives the follow-up notice.

The impact of this technology:

1. The existence of Bluetooth write-back technology also prevents criminals from taking my QR code screenshot to ride.
2. Due to the problem of Bluetooth adaptation, subway officials have listed a list of unsupported mobile phone models. Many mobile phone manufacturers have castrated the Bluetooth function, so this kind of mobile phone is not in the support list.

"We are really thinking about passengers. If you don’t believe me, look at our dual offline technology."

In the real use process, some users will still stand in front of the gate and connect to the internet, then open the APP and bring up the QR code page. In fact, as long as the QR code is loaded, there is no need to connect to the internet for future refreshing. This point also fully considers the user’s usage scenarios. The signal in the subway is always unstable. If users are required to connect to the Internet during the process of opening or refreshing the QR code, it will greatly affect the user experience.

Conflict with NFC

Because the newly modified gate supports bus cards, NFC devices and code scanning devices at the same time, if a smart phone has NFC turned on and Metro Metropolis installed at the same time, it will be difficult to identify the gate, and it is obvious that passengers want to use Metro Metropolis. As a result, NFC may work because of the wrong approach posture, leading to the success of swiping the card. Because of this, the Android version of Metro Metropolis requires passengers to turn off the NFC function during the activation process. But in the long run, when the subsidy for "Metro Metropolis" ends, I think passengers may close the "Metro Metropolis". After all, NFC swipes cards faster and can take public transportation.

"Where did you put our bus passengers?"

From the above introduction, we can feel that Shanghai Metro has completely abandoned the bus card in this mode. There is no need to use the bus card in the whole process, but the good thing is half done. When passengers take the bus, they can’t use the "Metro Metropolis". At this time, they can only take out the bus card honestly, and after swiping the card, they find that the concessions for subway bus transfer are gone. Passengers are definitely unhappy. After all, there are not a few passengers who transfer between subway and bus during commuting. These users are destined not to become deep users of "Metro Metropolis".

I have also experienced the "metro Metropolis" many times recently, but I have never chosen to use it during the morning rush hour, or I quietly turned out my bus card and quickly passed the gate.

Product experience:

1. The stability of the APP: Many people have reported that after the code scanning is successful, the gate will not be released at all.
2. Number of gates: Now it seems that there are two gates at the entrance and exit of each platform to support code scanning. The number is still small. During the peak period, there was a queue in front of the code scanning gate, but the ordinary gate was unimpeded.
3. There is a single type of gate: in addition to ordinary gates, there is also a large baggage gate, and there is no large baggage gate that supports code scanning at present.
4. Efficiency of passing the gate: scanning code is faster than NFC, and faster than swiping the card. If someone opens the APP in front of you in the morning rush hour, it’s not enough to brush it a few times. You must want to kick him to death in your heart, but he is also in a hurry.

Brief analysis of product positioning;

The people who take the subway are roughly divided into permanent residents and tourists.

If permanent residents often take the subway, they will definitely get a bus card, which is faster than you. If the monthly consumption quota reaches a certain limit, there will be a discount, and there will be a discount for transferring to the bus.

Tourists certainly don’t understand and don’t want to understand "metro Metropolis". It seems that a one-day subway ticket is more suitable for them.

At least for now, regardless of existing subsidies. I think the bus card is better than "metro Metropolis", both in terms of convenience and economy.

This analysis has not yet involved the design of other product functions and the interaction with related pages. Wait until the user is stable, and after several iterations, do another analysis.

This article was originally published by @ Original Dream. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

The title map comes from Unsplash and is based on CC0 protocol.

Recently, a news in the field has aroused widespread concern. It is reported that some owners of Xiaomi models found a new function called "lap time assessment in ranking mode" when receiving the update of Xiaomi HyperOS system. This function claims that if the owner can achieve the officially recommended lap time on the designated track, he can unlock the ranking mode.

This news quickly fermented on the Internet, which triggered heated discussions and doubts among car owners. However, the situation quickly reversed, and many car owners confirmed that Xiaomi had cancelled this OTA update.

In the face of this storm, Xiaomi officially responded quickly. They said that the company has always been committed to establishing good relations with users and attaches great importance to users’ feedback and interests. In the future, before OTA push, we will strengthen communication and forecast with users to ensure the transparency of information and users’ right to know.

According to a car owner of Xiaomi SU7 Ultra, Xiaomi’s sales staff has contacted him actively, apologizing for the incident and offering a car wash machine and points as compensation. The owner said that although the track mode is not used frequently for him personally, he still appreciates Xiaomi’s positive response and compensation measures.

"I think Xiaomi’s handling of this incident is very sincere," the owner said. "They plan to launch a new version of the car machine within 4-6 weeks, and provide 5000 points and car washing machines as compensation for the owners who are locked in power. You can also enjoy the service of free pick-up and delivery of cars to upgrade new cars. "

This incident not only tested Xiaomi’s crisis handling ability in dealing with emergencies, but also highlighted the importance of user feedback to enterprises again. Xiaomi’s quick response and positive compensation measures have undoubtedly alleviated the dissatisfaction of car owners to some extent.

However, different car owners have different views on this incident. Some car owners think that Xiaomi’s compensation measures are sincere enough, while others hope that Xiaomi can pay more attention to the actual needs and experiences of users in future product updates.

Tong Zhengfa [2017] No.67 December 19, 2017

Counties (cities), District People’s governments, Municipal Economic and Technological Development Zone Management Committee, Sutong Science and Technology Industrial Park Management Committee, tongzhou bay Demonstration Zone Management Committee, municipal committees, offices, bureaus and municipal directly affiliated units:

　　In recent years, the whole city has thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on scientific and technological innovation, closely focused on the strategy of "revitalizing the city through science and technology", paid attention to giving full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of scientific and technological personnel, and encouraged them to carry out theoretical and practical innovations, and achieved good results. In 2015 ~ 2016, the city’s scientific and technological personnel combined with the actual situation of Nantong, wrote and published a large number of academic papers in the fields of natural science and engineering technology in journals above the provincial level, which made positive contributions to promoting scientific and technological innovation projects. After careful evaluation by Nantong Natural Science Academic Papers Review Committee and publicity to the public, a total of 120 outstanding natural science academic papers were awarded, which is hereby announced.

　　It is hoped that all localities, departments, units and the vast number of scientific and technological workers in the city will deeply understand the responsibility of the times to achieve innovation-driven, strive to participate in scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship, and contribute wisdom and strength to building a "strong, rich, beautiful and high" new Nantong.

　　attachment

List of Winners of the 10th Excellent Academic Papers on Natural Sciences in Nantong (120 in total)

　　First prize (12 articles in total)

　　1、Dispatching strategies for coordinating environmental

　　awareness and risk perception in wind power integrated system

　　Jin Jingliang (Nantong University), Zhou Dequn, Zhou Peng

　　2、Properties of Fluoride-Doped β-PbO2 Electrodes and their Electrocatalytic Activities in Degradation of Acid Orange II

　　Qiao Qicheng (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Wang Lizhang, Shi Jian

　　3、A hierarchical-coevolutionary-MapReduce-based 　knowledge reduction algorithm with robust ensemble Pareto equilibrium

　　Ding Weiping (Nantong University), Wang Jiehua, Wang Jiandong

　　4. Color medical image enhancement based on histogram equalization of adaptive intensity matrix.

　　Gu Juping (Nantong University), Hua Liang, Wu Xiao

　　5. Modification of wool by air plasma and enzymes as a cleaner and environmentally friendly process (wool is modified by clean and environmentally friendly air plasma and biological enzymes).

　　Zhang Ruiping (Nantong University)

　　6. Influence of meshing algorithm and structural parameters on harmonic drive.

　　Luo Ji (Nantong Institute of Technology), Sha Chun

　　7、Identification of genetic differentiation between waxy and common maize by SNP genotyping

　　Hao Derong (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Zhang Zhenliang, Cheng Yujing

　　8、CXCL13 drives spinal astrocyte activation and neuropathic pain via CXCR5

　　Jiang Baochun (Nantong University), Cao Deli, Zhang Xin

　　9、Population-representative Incidence of Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure:A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

　　Qin Gang (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Shao Jianguo and Zhu Yongchang.

　　10. body image disorders have impact on the sexual problems in Chinese systematic lupus patients.

　　Shen Biyu (Nantong First People’s Hospital)

　　11、Transplantation of RADA16-BDNF peptide scaffold with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells forced with CXCR4 and activated astrocytes for repair of traumatic brain injury

　　Shi Wei (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Xu Xide

　　12、Long-term survival trends of gastric cancer patients from 1972 to 2011 in Qidong

　　Chen Yongsheng (Qidong People’s Hospital), Chen Jianguo and Zhu Jian.

　　Second prize (24 articles in total)

　　1. Effects of different treatment methods on fermentation quality and nutritional components of soybean straw.

　　Gu Yongjian (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Zhan Jinshun, Sha Wenfeng

　　2. Effect of dexamethasone on apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721.

　　Sha Xianghong (Nantong Teachers College), Zang Qiaoqiao, Tan Xiangling

　　3、Recursion-Transform method to a non-regular m×n cobweb with an arbitrary longitude

　　Tan Zhizhong (Nantong University)

　　4、Optimizing degradation of Reactive Yellow 176 by dielectric barrier discharge plasma combined with TiO2 nano-particles prepared using response surface methodology

　　Shen Yongjun (Nantong University), Han Shuo, Xu Qihui

　　5、Application of a mercapto- terminated binuclear Cu（II）complex Modified Au electrode to improve the sensitivity and selectivity for Dopamine detection

　　Jiang Guomin (Nantong University), Gu Xuefang, Jiang Guoqing

　　6. Corrosion resistance of nano-CeO2 _ 2 and methanol modified organosilane passivation film

　　Gu Jianfeng (Nantong Vocational College), Xiao Yi, Zhou Daiyi

　　7. Reliability and sensitivity analysis of reinforced concrete outer shaft lining structure in deep alluvium by fuzzy stochastic finite element method.

　　Yao Yafeng (Nantong Vocational College)

　　8. Mechanical fault diagnosis of vibration spectrum color image recognition based on quaternion moment invariants.

　　Hua Liang (Nantong University), Qiang Yujian, Gu Juping

　　9. Low-speed impact location of composite plates based on de-averaging normalized cross correlation method.

　　Lu Guan (Nantong University), Xu Yiming and Qiu taught themselves.

　　10. Research on improvement of weld mark defects of automobile instrument base based on AMI.

　　Gu Hai (Nantong Institute of Technology), Sun Jianhua, Yuan Guoding

　　11、Computerized design, generation and simulation of meshing and contact of hyperboloidal-type normal circular-arc gears

　　Chen Houjun (Nantong University), Zhang Xiaoping, Cai Xiong

　　12. Experimental study on seismic behavior of post-tensioned unbonded hybrid assembled frame joints.

　　Zhang Chen (Nantong University), Zhou Yuling, Cai Xiaoning

　　13. Research on the Inheritance and Development of Folk Tiger Head Shoes in Nantong

　　Liu Chunhui (Jiangsu Vocational College of Engineering)

　　14. Analysis of Thermodynamic Properties of Corn Gelatinization in Milk Maturing Stage

　　Tang Mingxia (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Chen Hui, Yuan Chunxin

　　15. Construction of recombinant expression vector of salt-tolerant willow insect-resistant gene Cry3A.

　　Li Min (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Ma Xiangjian, Li Yujuan

　　16. Estimation and regional distribution of rural biomass energy resources in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province

　　Xing Hong (Nantong Teachers College), Zhao Yuan, Wang Yiqiang

　　17. The influence of skill training on the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with presbycusis in community.

　　Lu Hongjian (Nantong Second People’s Hospital), Jiang Zhongli, Xiao Yuhua

　　18. The curative effect of NB-UVB combined with Tuibai Decoction on vitiligo vulgaris and its regulating effect on Th17 related factors.

　　Sheng Guorong (Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Yan Xia, Xie Yong

　　Clinical observation on 50 cases of bronchial asthma treated by Jiawei Dingchuan powder combined with western medicine

　　Zhu Jinfeng (Nantong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Wu Jian, Yao Zupei

　　Hypoxic tumor-targeted PH-sensitive compound quantum dot siRNA delivery system

　　Zhu Hongyan (Nantong University), Zhang Shengyu, Ling Yong

　　Clinical and biological significance of HAX-1 overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

　　You Bo (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), You Yiwen

　　22. MiR-19b regulates the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts.

　　Zhong Chongjun (Nantong First People’s Hospital), Wang Kun, Ding Shengguang

　　23、Derivation of Schwann cell precursors from neural crest cells resident in bone marrow for cell therapy to improve peripheral nerve regeneration

　　Shi Haiyan (Nantong University), Gong Yanpei, Qiang Liang

　　24、A novel molecular and clinical staging model to predict survival for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

　　Wang Wei (Nantong Cancer Hospital), Wang Zhiwei and Zhao Jun.

　　Third Prize (84 articles in total)

　　Diversity analysis of flowering-related traits and starch viscosity traits of waxy corn core collection along the Yangtze River

　　Chen Guoqing (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Xue Lin, Hu Jiaru

　　2. Discussion on the transformation and upgrading of sericulture industry in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province

　　Zhou Jiahua (Jiangsu Modern Sericulture Industrial Park Co., Ltd.)

　　3、Stability and Morrey spaces relation to multipliers

　　Zhu Yueping (Nantong Teachers College), Yang Qixiang, Ye Pengtao

　　4、Blow-up results for evolution problems with inhomogeneous nonlocal diffusion

　　Chen Yujuan (Nantong University), Zhu Yueping

　　5、Bifurcation analysis on delay-induced bursting in a shape memory alloy oscillator with time delay feedback

　　Yu Yue (Nantong University), Zhang Zhengdi, Bi Qinsheng

　　6、Generation of a mef2aa:EGFP transgeniczebrafish line that expresses EGFP in muscle cells

　　Lu Feng (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Liu Dong, Yan Xinghong

　　7. internet plus: Generate Wisdom and Efficiency for Mathematics Classroom.

　　Wu Youhua (Tongzhou District Xingren High School)

　　8. Optimal relational contract model of port supply chain logistics capacity.

　　Lu Yongming (Nantong Open University)

　　9. Preparation of Ordered Mesoporous Indium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and Their Visible Photocatalytic Properties

　　Ding Minjuan (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology)

　　10. Environmentally friendly recovery of phenylacetic acid from the production process of 7-ADCA.

　　Li Xun (Jiangsu Jiujiujiu Technology Co., Ltd.), Zhou Xinji, Xian Juan

　　11. Overview of the development and evolution of colored cotton embroidery in Nantong.

　　Jiang Xingmin (Nantong Arts and Crafts Institute)

　　12. Discussion on the stitch characteristics of Nantong simulation embroidery.

　　Huali (Nantong Arts and Crafts Institute)

　　13. Study on the bottom friction and wave breaking coefficient of typhoon wave propagation in the radiation sand ridge group of the South Yellow Sea-taking Lanshayang Waterway as an example

　　Xu Zhuo (Nantong Sijian Group Co., Ltd.), Zhang Wei, Lu Peidong

　　14. Analysis of the influence of the heating system inside and outside the tank on the heating efficiency of the tank.

　　Shi Jianrong (Nantong CIMC), Luo Yongxin, Zhao Kai

　　15. Design of progressive die for harness clamp

　　Zhu Jianrong (Xinrong Electromechanical Technology (Nantong) Co., Ltd.)

　　16. Research and design of high-efficiency motor energy efficiency test system based on 112B method.

　　Zhang Zhihua (nantong shipping college)

　　17、Detection of dopamine on a mercapto-terminated hexanuclear Fe（III） cluster modified gold electrode

　　Gu Xuefang (Nantong University), Jiang Guomin, Jiang Guoqing

　　18. Study on early cracking mechanism of steel bridge deck pavement based on texture characteristics.

　　Zhu Yong (Nantong University), Xu Xunqian

　　19、Wave reflection in a rotating pyroelectric half-plane

　　Jiang Quan (Nantong University), Yuan Xiaoguang

　　20. Optimization of stamping process parameters of clutch corrugated sheet based on orthogonal test.

　　Gao Liping (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology)

　　21, laser shock wave control elastic element residual stress state.

　　Li Bin (Nantong Institute of Technology), Gu Hai, Sun Jianhua

　　22. Study on the influence of mandrel on cold push bending forming of thin-walled TA2 titanium tube.

　　Hao Jing (Nantong Vocational College)

　　Research on intelligent recognition of license plate characters of muck truck

　　Qu Guoqing (Jiangsu Business Vocational College), Li Wangpei

　　24. Relay selection scheme and its performance analysis of single eavesdropping and double-hop cooperative network

　　Yang Lijun (Nantong Vocational College)

　　25. Simulation analysis of abnormal network traffic sequence monitoring technology under constant false alarm rate

　　Liu Haitao (Nantong Open University)

　　26、Effect of steel reinforcement with different degree of corrosion on degeneration of mechanical performance of reinforced concrete frame joints

　　Wu Xu (Nantong Institute of Technology), Liu Ronggui

　　27、AQM scheme design for TCP network via Takagi -Sugeno fuzzy method

　　Xu Sheng (Nantong Vocational College), Fei Minrui, Yang Xinhao

　　28. Hierarchical maximum likelihood iterative identification algorithm for Hammerstein nonlinear systems.

　　Li Junhong (Nantong University), Gu Juping, Yang Yi

　　29. Singularly perturbed frequency division control of double inverted pendulum.

　　Huang Xiaoli (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology) and Wu Zhonghua

　　30、Blind quality index for camera images with natural scene statistics and patch-based 　sharpness assessment

　　Tang Lijuan (Jiangsu Business Vocational College), Li Leida, Gu Kun

　　31、An improved fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm for assisted therapy of chronic bronchitis

　　Lu Weijia (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Yan Zhuangzhi

　　32. Rapid detection of pentachlorophenol in aquatic products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

　　Shi Yukun (Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Yang Meigui, Yang Qinghua

　　33. Technological conditions for hydrolysis of waxy corn juice by medium-temperature α -amylase

　　Su Aimei (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Wu Haiyan and Tang Mingxia.

　　34. Rapid determination of polysaccharide content in silkworm chrysalis by derivative spectrometry

　　Wu Haiyan (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Yuan Qiumei

　　35, greenhouse "fresh broad beans/Lycium barbarum/lotus+loofah+tomato" efficient planting mode.

　　Cheng Yujing (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Li Jin, Tang Mingxia

　　36. CAPS marker development and its application in D8 gene functional marker development.

　　Ou Yanghong (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Wu Wenwen, Shao Yuanjian

　　37. Efficient winter intercropping mode and comprehensive cultivation techniques of mulberry fields in Nantong City.

　　Wei Yafeng (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Liu Jian, Li Bo

　　38. Construction and Application of Plough Cutting Soil Phase Diagram

　　Xu Shaohua (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Lu Shaoying, Ren Jianhua

　　39. Exploration and practice of multi-batch full-age artificial feed silkworms throughout the year.

　　Hanyifei (Rudong County Cansang Guidance Station)

　　40、Induction of tetraploidity with antimicrotubule agents in oriental melon （Cucumis melo var. Makuwa）

　　Wang Kang (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), He Linchi and Yan Honglang

　　41、Genome-wide association study of the husk number and weight in maize （Zea mays L.）

　　Zhou Guangfei (Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural Sciences along the Yangtze River), Hao Derong, Chen Guoqing

　　42. Effect of panicle fertilizer application on rice yield and yield components under drip irrigation under plastic film.

　　Li Shifeng (Nantong Crop Cultivation Technology Guidance Station), Lu Jian, Zhou Yu

　　43、Exploring the genetic variants of insulin-like growth factor II gene and their associations with two production traits in Langshan chicken

　　Yan Linjun (Nantong Vocational College of Science and Technology), Fang Xingtang, Liu Yao

　　44. Mesoscale analysis of a heavy rain process in Jiangsu under the background of typhoon going far to the north.

　　Zhang Shumin (Nantong Meteorological Bureau), Gu Peishu, Wu Caixia

　　45. A preliminary study on the flower color components of Tokyo Jasmine.

　　Xu Liping (Nantong Institute of Technology), Yu Fangyuan

　　46. Practice and Suggestions on Innovative Agricultural Insurance in Nantong City

　　Ping Gen (Nantong Municipal Committee Agriculture Office), Wang Jianzhong, Yin Honghua

　　47, Haimen leisure agriculture and rural tourism development.

　　Fan Lingyan (Haimen Municipal Committee Agriculture Office)

　　48, Nantong water conservancy support capacity and economic and social development coordination analysis.

　　Huang Li (Nantong Water Resources Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd.), Tao Xiaodong, Lu Tingting

　　49、Porcine Mx1 fused to HIV Tat protein transduction domain （PTD） inhibits classical swine fever virus infection in vitro and in vivo

　　Zhang Xiaomin (Rugao Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station)

　　50. Implementation and effect of specialized unified prevention and control of mulberry diseases and insect pests in Rugao City

　　Qian Xiaolan (Rugao Sericulture Technical Guidance Station), Zhang Fang

　　51. Observation on the effect of different disease modes of rice false smut on rice yield.

　　Sun Chunlai (Hai ‘an Plant Protection and Quarantine Station), Wang Xiaoqin, Zhang Helan

　　52. Cultivate new business entities and build a new force in modern agricultural construction.

　　Zhou Sheng (Nantong Municipal Committee Agriculture Office)

　　53. Serumykl-40 is incremental in patients with slow corona flow Xu Ying (Haimen People’s Hospital), Meng Hailiang and Pan Min.

　　54. Research and application of green control technology for main rice pests along the Yangtze River.

　　Zhang Xilin (Tongzhou District Agriculture Committee), Zhou Hao

　　55. Analysis of the Interaction between Smoking and Drugs and Diseases in Prescription Drug Instructions

　　Li Haibo (Nantong Maternal and Child Health Hospital)

　　56. Quality control method of rhubarb by combining fingerprint with one test and multiple evaluation.

　　Dou Zhihua (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Qiao Jin, Bian Li

　　57. ABC analysis of temporary purchase of non-antibacterial drugs in a hospital in 2014.

　　Chen Xia (Nantong First People’s Hospital), Lu Ying, Zhang Yanhua.

　　58、Comparison of minocycline and azithromycin for the treatment of mild scrub typhus in northern China

　　Zhao Minxing (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Shen Yanbo, Wang Ting

　　59、Outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

　　Zhao Dongsheng (Nantong First People’s Hospital), Shen Yi, Zhang Qing

　　60、Prognostic role of microscopically positive marginsfor primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

　　Zhi Xiaofei (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Jiang Baofei, Yu Junbo

　　61、CXCL13 Promotes Proliferation of Mesangial Cells by Combination with CXCR5 in SLE

　　Da Zhanyun (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Li Liuxia and Zhu Jin

　　62、The value of serum RASSF10 hypomethylation in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer

　　Xue Wanjiang (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Feng Ying and Wang Fei

　　63. Cross-cultural adjustment of cancer patients’ disease benefit scale

　　Liu Xun (Nantong University), Zhang Lanfeng

　　64、Meta-analytic approaches to determine gender differences for delayed healing in venous leg ulcers

　　Tang Xiaolei (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Chen Honglin and Zhao Fangfang.

　　65、A novel automatic regulatory device for continuous bladder irrigation based on wireless sensor in patients after transurethral resection of the prostate：A prospective investigation

　　Ding Aiming (Nantong First People’s Hospital), He Bosheng, Cao Huling

　　66. Effect of Dioscorea nipponica Makino on the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients.

　　Cao Yongjun (Nantong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Jiang Shengyu, Luo Yanping

　　67、Effectiveness of Moxibustion Treatment in Quality of Life in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double- Blinded,Placebo-Controlled Trial

　　Ren Xiumei (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Yao Chang, Wu Fan

　　68、Effect of Intermittent versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Tumor Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies

　　Chen Yalan (Nantong University), Xu Guangfei

　　69. The value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and PET/CT in differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules.

　　Feng Feng (Nantong Cancer Hospital), Xia Ganlin, Qiang Fulin

　　70. Analysis of HIV/AIDS test results in Rudong County from 2013 to 2015

　　Wang Shifang (Rudong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

　　71. Preliminary clinical significance analysis of percutaneous and blood carbon dioxide partial pressure gradient monitoring in septic shock patients.

　　Wang Weiqun (Tongzhou District People’s Hospital), Cao Peihong, Qiu Zuhong

　　72、Lung Cancer in a Rural Area of China:Rapid Rise in Incidence and Poor Improvement in Survival

　　Yang Juan (Qidong People’s Hospital)

　　73, NLRC5 Targeting Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway and Its Regulatory Effect on Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

　　Peng Yunyun (Haimen People’s Hospital)

　　74. The high expression of FABP3 and FABP4 and the poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

　　Tang Zhiyuan (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Zhou Xiaoyu and Ni Songshi.

　　75. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide combined with metformin on myocardial structure and hemodynamics in type 2 diabetic rats.

　　Qiao Jin (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Dou Zhihua, Wu Feng

　　76. Effect of Tuibai Decoction combined with NB-UVB on the expression levels of IL-6 and TGF-β in patients with vitiligo vulgaris

　　Ding Xiaoyun (Nantong Fourth People’s Hospital), Liu Haiqin

　　77、Drug resistance-related microRNAs in hematological malignancies: Translating basic evidence into therapeutic strategies

　　Xie Lingling (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Jing Rongrong and Qi Jing.

　　78、RASSF10 is an epigenetically inactivated tumor suppressor and independent prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma

　　Wang Fei (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Feng Ying and Li Peng

　　79、Association of microRNA-21 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and the risk of progression in advanced prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy

　　Guan Yangbo (Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University), Wu You, Liu Yifei

　　80、MicroRNA-146a-5pattenuates neuropathic pain via 　suppressing TRAF6 signaling in the spinal cord

　　Lu Ying (Nantong University), Cao Deli, Jiang Baochun

　　81、MicroRNA-10a/10b represses a novel target gene mib1 toregulate angiogenesis

　　Wang Xin (Nantong University), Ling Changchun, Li Liping

　　82、Runx1t1 Regulates the Neuronal Differentiation of Radial Glial Cells From the Rat Hippocampus

　　Zou Linqing (Nantong University), Jin Guohua, Li Haoming

　　83、The effects of percutaneous ethanolinjection followed by 20-kHz ultrasound and microbubbles on rabbit hepatic tumors

　　Shen Zhiyong (Nantong Cancer Hospital), Xia Ganlin, Wu Mingfeng.

　　84、Expression of immune checkpoints in T cells of esophageal cancer patients

　　Xie Jinhua (Hai ‘an County People’s Hospital), Ji Haoming, Zhang Yan

CCTV News:Be the first in the spring of the year, and do everything first. At a new starting point, all walks of life have worked hard to spell out a gratifying "new speed." Today (February 29), "News Network" released a series of exciting good news: in 2023, the annual GDP exceeded 126 trillion, and the total added value of China’s industrial Internet industry reached 4.69 trillion yuan; Shanghai creates a new highland of institutional openness; "Great powers and heavy weapons" are constantly "innovating", and civil aviation transportation and scientific and technological development have won many successes. New quality productivity, new technology and new kinetic energy continue to exert their strength, and China’s "new and new" thriving economy is moving forward step by step.

In 2023, the gross domestic product exceeded 126 trillion yuan.

The National Bureau of Statistics released the Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development in 2023 on February 29th. According to preliminary accounting, in 2023, the gross domestic product reached 126,058.2 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year.

The cultivation of emerging industries has been accelerated. In 2023, the proportion of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing in the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size rose to 15.7% and 33.6% respectively. The integration of digital technology and the real economy has been solidly promoted. The transaction volume of e-commerce increased by 9.4% over the previous year, and the added value of information transmission, software and information technology services increased by 11.9%.

Scientific and technological innovation has achieved new breakthroughs. In 2023, the expenditure on research and experimental development in the whole society was 3.3 trillion yuan, accounting for 2.64% of the GDP, of which the expenditure on basic research increased by 9.3%.

Shanghai Oriental Hub International Business Cooperation Zone to Create a New Highland of Institutional Opening

The Overall Plan for the Construction of Shanghai Oriental Hub International Business Cooperation Zone has positioned Shanghai Oriental Hub International Business Cooperation Zone as a new platform for facilitating international business exchanges, a new carrier for gathering service resources and a new node for promoting the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and has undertaken three core functions: facilitating international business exchanges, serving high-end international exhibition activities and improving the quality of training services.

The cooperation zone is adjacent to Pudong Airport and Shanghai East Railway Station, with a planned area of about 0.88 square kilometers. It is divided into two blocks with the G1503 expressway as the boundary.

The plan is clear. By 2025, the closed acceptance of the first start-up area of the business cooperation zone will be completed. By 2028, the business cooperation zone will be fully closed. By 2030, the business cooperation zone will be fully built. Upon completion, overseas personnel who take international or regional flights from Pudong International Airport do not need a Chinese visa, but only need to hold international travel documents to enter the area with a valid invitation filed by the comprehensive management agency of the business cooperation zone, and can stay for 30 days, and can apply for extension as needed. Shanghai Oriental Hub International Business Cooperation Zone will be built into a new highland of institutional openness, a new engine to smooth China’s economic cycle and a new hub to connect domestic and international dual cycles.

Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone will be closed for operation from March 1st.

From 0: 00 on March 1st, Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone will be officially closed for operation. A series of preferential tax policies will be implemented from the operation of customs clearance, which will facilitate the exchange of goods and personnel between Hengqin and Macao.

Speed up the development of science and technologyDigital China Construction

Speeding up the construction of digital China and injecting powerful impetus into Chinese modernization.

According to the latest data, in 2023, the total added value of China’s industrial Internet industry reached 4.69 trillion yuan, accounting for 3.72% of GDP. Digital technology and the real economy continue to be deeply integrated to accelerate the development of new quality productivity.

Embark on a new journey and draw a new blueprint, and a series of top-level designs have landed one after another. "Overall Layout Planning of Digital China Construction" was issued, and the National Data Bureau was established. China has built the world’s largest communication network, with the number of 5G base stations exceeding 3.37 million. The annual growth rate of computing power scale has remained above 30%, and the digital base has been continuously consolidated.

Nowadays, the digital wave is accelerating the deep integration with the "five in one" of China’s economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction.

Collaborative innovation of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization. Construction started in the new year. This is a shield machine that is spread all over the country. Any tiny blade wear on it can be transmitted back to the digital twin system thousands of miles away in real time. In eight cities including Beijing, Shenzhen and Suzhou, on average, more than 500 intelligent networked vehicles are conducting road tests every day, and all vehicle test data can be transmitted to Wulanchabu Computing Center in real time in less than 10 milliseconds at the earliest for synchronous simulation and analysis.

Digital city construction has reached a new level. More than 90% of government services in China are available online, and the level of government governance has been greatly improved. The digital life scene is constantly changing, the subway can adjust the frequency in real time according to the flow of people, and the expressway can automatically remind the weather and road conditions, digitally accelerate the integration into all aspects of people’s food, clothing, housing and transportation, and make the people feel more gained.

Today, the construction of ecological civilization is also more intelligent. In the world’s largest clean energy corridor, the river will cross six power stations and cover 1,800 kilometers. During this period, whether it needs to be used for flood control, power generation, shipping and irrigation can now be accurately calculated through this newly built "smart brain".

The pace of digital culture construction continued to accelerate. The forms of "cloud tour" such as the Digital Forbidden City and Digital Expo are constantly updated. Up to now, China has published a total of 130,000 digital resources of ancient books online, and traditional culture has flourished in generate through digital technology.

This year, China will further strengthen the layout of digital China. According to statistics, in just two months, more than 20 provincial-level data management institutions have been established one after another, the construction of computing hub nodes in eight countries of the "East Counting and West Computing" project has been accelerated, the research on 5G lightweight has been fully launched, and the industrial Internet has entered a new stage of large-scale development. From the tip of the tongue to the fingertips, from the field to the workshop, digital technology is accelerating the all-round economic and social changes and injecting strong impetus into promoting Chinese modernization.

Beijing establishes large-scale model application industry consortium.

On February 29th, 2024 Beijing Artificial Intelligence Industry Innovation and Development Conference was held in Beijing. The purpose of the conference is to promote the wide application of artificial intelligence technology and the deep integration of industries, and form a new quality productivity. Around the three elements of artificial intelligence computing power, data and algorithm, the first independent innovation artificial intelligence computing power cluster and large-scale model application industry consortium in Beijing were released, and a number of industrial cooperation projects were fully developed.

In 2023, "Top Ten Scientific Progress in China" was released.

The reporter learned from the National Natural Science Foundation of China that the "Top Ten Scientific Progress in China" in 2023 was announced today (February 29th). The top ten advances are mainly distributed in life science and medicine, artificial intelligence, quantum, astronomy, chemical energy and other scientific fields. The selection has been held for 19 times since it was launched in 2005, and was voted by many high-level experts in the field of basic research, such as academicians of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering.

The construction of a strong transportation country has changed from "big" to "strong"

In the past five years, the mileage of the national comprehensive transportation network has exceeded 6 million kilometers, and China’s transportation has taken a big step from "big" to "strong" and from "good". Many sets of data outline the "eye-catching" report card of China’s construction as a transportation power.

The data shows that the total mileage of the national comprehensive transportation network currently exceeds 6 million kilometers; The national railway operating mileage is 159,000 kilometers, including 45,000 kilometers of high-speed rail; The total mileage of national highways is 5.441 million kilometers, including 184,000 kilometers of expressways; The navigation mileage of inland waterways is 128,000 kilometers, including 17,000 kilometers of high-grade waterways; There are 22,000 productive berths in the port, including 2,883 berths with a tonnage of over 10,000 tons; There are 259 airports for civil aviation transportation, including 38 airports with annual passenger throughput exceeding 10 million passengers. Over the past five years, China has invested more than 18 trillion yuan in transportation fixed assets, and the construction of a transportation power has been accelerating. Major projects such as sichuan-tibet railway and Shenzhen-China Passage have been actively and effectively promoted, and major landmark projects such as Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and Beijing Daxing International Airport have been put into operation. The pace of construction of intelligent railways, intelligent highways, intelligent navigation channels, intelligent civil aviation and intelligent postal services has been accelerated, and the scale of automated container terminals built and under construction ranks first in the world. The first domestic large-scale cruise ship was officially put into operation on New Year’s Day in 2024, C919 domestic large aircraft was officially put into commercial operation, the world’s first high-speed freight EMU with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour was rolled off the assembly line, the development of CR450 EMU continued to deepen, and the application of new energy and clean energy transportation equipment was accelerated.

Civil aviation transportation production started well.

The reporter learned from the press conference of the Civil Aviation Administration of China held on February 29 that since the beginning of this year, civil aviation transportation production has started well. In January, the total transportation turnover of the whole civil aviation industry was 11.61 billion tons kilometers, up 57.1% year-on-year; The passenger traffic volume was 57.318 million, up 44.1% year-on-year.

"Big country and heavy weapon" is new

China’s first self-developed 300 MW F-class heavy gas turbine went offline.

A few days ago, the first prototype of a 300 MW F-class heavy-duty gas turbine independently developed by China was finally assembled in Shanghai Lingang, marking the first time that China’s high-power heavy-duty gas turbine has completed the whole manufacturing process based on forward design. Heavy-duty gas turbine is the core equipment in the energy field. The 300 MW F-class heavy-duty gas turbine rolled off the production line this time is the first heavy-duty gas turbine with the highest power and the highest technical level independently developed in China.

The level of medical services continued to improve.

China has built 46 national TCM inheritance and innovation centers.

The reporter learned from state administration of traditional chinese medicine that since the implementation of major projects for the revitalization and development of traditional Chinese medicine, the central government has invested nearly 13 billion yuan to promote the implementation of major projects. At present, the number of community health service centers and traditional Chinese medicine halls in township hospitals has increased to more than 40,000, and 46 national traditional Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation centers and 321 high-level key disciplines of traditional Chinese medicine have been built.

China continues to improve its comprehensive support capacity for rare diseases.

February 29th is the International Day for Rare Diseases. Up to now, more than 80 kinds of drugs for rare diseases have been included in the national medical insurance drug list in China, and the average price reduction of 51 kinds of drugs for rare diseases included through medical insurance negotiation has exceeded 50%. In 2023, 15 varieties of drugs with rare diseases were accelerated to market through priority review and approval procedures. Two batches of national rare diseases catalogues published by China have included 207 rare diseases.

CCTV News:Five departments, including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, issued an announcement on matters related to the implementation of the national six emission standards for automobiles.

In order to implement the Emission Limits and Measurement Methods of Light Vehicle Pollutants (China Phase VI) (GB 18352.6— 2016) and "Pollutant Emission Limits and Measurement Methods for Heavy Diesel Vehicles (China Phase VI)" (GB 17691— In 2018), the relevant policies to help enterprises bail out, stabilize and expand automobile consumption are implemented. The relevant matters concerning the nationwide full implementation of the National Sixth Emission Standard 6b for light vehicles and the National Sixth Emission Standard 6b for heavy diesel vehicles (hereinafter referred to as the National Sixth Emission Standard 6b) are announced as follows:

1. From July 1, 2023, the national sixth emission standard 6b stage will be fully implemented, and the production, import and sale of automobiles that do not meet the national sixth emission standard 6b stage will be prohibited. The production date is based on the vehicle manufacturing date of the motor vehicle certificate, and the electronic information of the certificate should be uploaded before 0: 00 on July 1, 2023; The date of import is based on the date of arrival of the goods import certificate; The date of sale shall be subject to the date of motor vehicle sales invoice.

Two, for some of the actual driving pollutant emission tests (that is, RDE test) report results as "monitoring only" and other light vehicles, give a half-year sales transition period, allowing sales until December 31, 2023.

Three, automobile production and import enterprises, as the main body responsible for the consistency management of environmental protection production, should disclose the vehicle emission inspection information and pollution control technical information before the vehicle leaves the factory or enters the country according to the relevant provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Air Pollution Prevention Law, so as to ensure that the actually produced and imported vehicles meet the requirements. Relevant certification bodies shall issue compulsory product certification certificates according to the national six emission standards 6b stage.

　 　Special feature of 1905 film network　The summer file in July, also known as domestic protection month, saw eight domestic films released on July 8 alone. Among them, there is a literary film "Winter" with little publicity before, which will "go to war" on the same day as "Chill 2", "Rock Tibetan Mastiff", "Big Fish Begonia" and "never gone", and the box office prospect is really not optimistic.

The film released on July 8 　 　

　 　Looking at the literary films in the summer file, Winter is not fighting alone. The Roadside Picnic, which will be released on July 15th, will also face fierce challenges from other major rivals, such as The Great Reversal starring Xiao Wa, day trader the Quick Shooter starring Zhang Jingchu and Kenny Lin CP, and the article director Virgo Lu Yao Zhi Ma Li.

The film released on July 15th. 　 　

　 　 It seems to be a right thing for literary films to hide in the domestic protection month, but it can only be said that the risk is small in the schedule. How does the literary film break through the schedule dilemma and get higher film arrangement and box office? Is it difficult for every literary film to kneel like Fang Li? In the final analysis, this should be combined with the promotion of literary films themselves and the development status of mainland art theaters.

　 　 In the Mainland, there was a real representative of the cinema, who explained the discovery of literary films and the development dilemma of art cinemas. She was the program and promotion manager of Beijing Broadway Film Center — — Yang Yang.

　 　　Program and Promotion Manager of Beijing Broadway Film Center — Yang Yang

　 　 The survival status of art cinemas is inseparable from the prosperity of the literary film market, so Yang Yang’s viewpoint is also representative, which is difficult to copy, because there is only one art cinema in the mainland. "The Broadway Film Center has done statistics. The ratio of literary films to commercial films is 1: 10, but the attendance rate is only 1:3. It can be said that all the money is earned from commercial films." From these words, it is not difficult to see that it is almost impossible for a cinema to maintain its operation only by literary films, even if it is an art cinema.

Beijing Broadway Film Center

　 　 Then the question came, and people began to think whether literary films should be shown in art theaters for a long time. But from Yang Yang’s words, we can see that after the establishment of the Art Cinema, there seems to be no improvement in the "way out for literary films". What’s the problem? Is it that the publicity of literary films is not in place, or is it unreasonable to arrange films in cinemas? Why do we see so few literary films when there are art cinemas in the Mainland?

　 　 With these questions, Zi Shijun specially went to Beijing Broadway Film Center and had a good chat with Yang Yang about the announcement of domestic literary films and the operation of art cinemas.

[See the manager of the art theater talking about the myth of domestic literary films]

　 　 Broadway Film Center, established in December 2009, is a Hong Kong-owned art cinema, located in a residential area of Xiangheyuan Road in Dongzhimen, operated and managed by Hong Kong Anle Film Co., Ltd. Before the opening of this one in the Mainland, Anle had successfully operated an art cinema in Hong Kong called Hong Kong Broadway Film Center. With the experience of successful operation, the founding concept of Broadway Film Center in the Mainland also wants to be consistent with it, to provide screening for high-quality literary films at home and abroad, and to expand the exchange of film culture.

　 　 Yang Yang’s job is to select excellent films from the domestic literary films every year, and implement the corresponding film arrangement and post-screening exchange activities. During this period, she also saw the problems faced by mainland literary films, large and small. She told us that "several small partners in her team can even be regarded as a small company for the publication of mainland literary films for a long time".

Earlier, we were equivalent to a literary film publishing company.

　 　 In the early years, some domestic literary films with relatively small volume did not try to be released nationwide at all, such as Cao Baoping’s Glorious Wrath. Before its release, Beijing Broadway Film Center was almost equivalent to their publicity company, which did everything from posters to brochures, as well as writing all press releases and inviting media.

The implementation of Yang Yang’s various ideas was completed on this desk.

　 　 Q: Does this mean that for these small-scale literary films in the early days, do you still announce them here?

　 　 A: In the early days, this movie was very small. I think there was a big difference in the past two years from "Fireworks by Day", but "Fireworks by Day" is a special case that can’t be copied. Since then, plus the rapid growth of the whole China movie market, everyone wants to go to the national release, hoping to replicate a miracle in it.

You cann’t just lay out the whole line at every turn.

　 　 Q: You said earlier that the team was unprofessional, such as selling dog meat by hanging sheep’s head?

　 　 A: Isn’t that what commercial movies are all about? Just find a selling point, whatever it is, just drag it there first.

　 　 Q: What do you think are the unprofessional behaviors of domestic literary films in propaganda?

　 　 A: The announcement of an art film is a difficult thing to do all over the world. Its idea is not for profit, and it is not made for the maximum benefit. So when you announce it, you have to be patient and take a long line. Is there anything better that can bring out its commercial benefits? Like now, there is no particularly good model. I have also asked Anle’s colleagues in Hong Kong, who also bought some small non-Hollywood films in Hong Kong very early, but I feel that they don’t have a particularly good model, including Taiwan Province, but they are all very small. If you follow that, the distribution of these films in China is not particularly bad.

　 　 Q: Do you think that these domestic ideas of putting on a full-screen screening are actually wrong?

　 　 A: I think this idea may need to be changed, because before, only the film center was on the long line, and this volume was a little too small. I understand that they are not satisfied with only showing it in one theater, and I also think it needs to be expanded, but it is unrealistic for you to really compare it with commercial films, even with Fireworks in the Day.

　 　 Q: Before "Fireworks in the Day", there was a saying, why not learn from the United States, first show it on a small scale, and then expand it? Do you think it is difficult to realize this?

　 　 A: To a certain extent, the current publicity companies can’t settle down to do this. If it’s small, you have to choose a cinema and talk about it one by one. Now there are so many publicity weeks for a film, and there are so many cycles for a film. After this project is over, he will immediately enter the next project, no matter what happens to the film in the later stage, but these films must be fermented by word of mouth for a long time before they can be done slowly.

Many literary films will be wasted if they do this.　

　 　 But generally speaking, it is hard to achieve any box office miracle, that is, you accumulate slowly, but now no one is doing this, and there are not even a number of cinemas, even if only 20 or 30 people want to do this, and now it is Broadway, with at most an intermediate cinema. I don’t know what other cinema companies are like, but there are a few cities in Broadway that are suitable for our own company, and then the managers are willing to cooperate. They also know what to do, but they still can’t become a mass.

　 　 In fact, many domestic literary films may not be publicized, and many cinemas simply don’t arrange them. Zi Shijun interviewed some cinema managers when "A Hundred Birds at the Phoenix" was released. Their first reaction was, I haven’t seen it, I don’t know about it.

There is a horse on the other side of the mountain, with a domestic box office of 240,000.

　 　 For example, there is a horse on the other side of the mountain released in May, and the number of films is even lower. The Broadway Film Center has never seen the film, because Yang Yang is familiar with Huang Lu, and she took the initiative to find the producer through her, and then told them whether to come and have a post-screening exchange. "But they haven’t done some movie-watching activities before, and the director happened to be going to other places, and then Huang Lu couldn’t come because he had to shoot, feeling that they gave up on propaganda, and many films would be wasted."

Next page:Is the art cinema really the savior of literary films?

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 14th Question: how to ensure supply and price stability if it continues to operate at a low level? -Price articles of mid-year economic research bank

Xinhua news agency reporter

Prices are related to economic operation and affect people’s lives. In the first half of this year, China’s prices maintained a stable operation, but since the second quarter, due to multiple factors, the increase has declined.

In the first half of the year, the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.7% year-on-year, lower than the 1.7% increase in the same period last year. Among them, in June, CPI rose by 0.2% year-on-year from last month to flat, down by 0.2% month-on-month.

How to treat the current price trend? In the past few days, Xinhua News Agency reporters have conducted in-depth investigations in Hunan, Jiangsu and other places, and have truly felt that all parties have a solid support for effectively coping with price fluctuations, continuously strengthening the supply and stability of prices, and maintaining the stable operation of prices throughout the year.

Guarantee the supply of important commodities for people’s livelihood

Near the evening, many citizens are choosing pork, eggplant and other products at Chanan Farmers’ Market in jianye district, Nanjing, Jiangsu.

"Now, the price of vegetables and meat is generally low. The price of ordinary pork belly has dropped to more than 10 yuan a catty, and the’ vegetable basket’ is more comfortable." Aunt Xu, a Nanjing citizen who came to the market to buy food, said.

Since the beginning of this year, prices have continued to fall due to the time difference between supply and demand recovery and the high base.

Lower prices will help to reduce the cost of living of the people, but for the relevant production enterprises, it means that the sales price will fall, resulting in shrinking profits.

In the fruit trading area of Red Star Global Agricultural Products Wholesale Center in Changsha, Hunan Province, watching boxes of durian imported from Vietnam being unloaded in an orderly manner on the cold chain transport vehicle, Zhang Xinghua, the head of the "Fruit Taoren" business department of Hunan Fruit Friends Company, recorded the weight of durian in detail in a notebook, and roughly calculated the cost and estimated income.

"At the beginning of this year, we added a Vietnamese durian procurement contract. Durian shipments increased by 20% compared with last year, but the market sales volume was delayed, the average sales price fell, and the income continued to decline." Zhang Xinghua said.

Restricted by unstable income expectations and other factors, the demand of high-end fruit market has declined as a whole, which is a challenge for fruit wholesalers.

How to meet the challenge? Zhang Xinghua mainly plays "two cards".

"On the cost side, improve procurement efficiency, further optimize import transportation routes and reduce expenses; On the sales side, strengthen the national market pre-judgment and adjust shipments in a timely manner. For example, the price of durian in some cities in the north has rebounded, which will increase the supply to these cities. " Zhang Xinghua said that the company’s durian supply is still sufficient.

From the perspective of food prices, the fluctuation of pork prices is more obvious. In June, the price of pork decreased by 7.2% year-on-year, which was 4 percentage points higher than that of the previous month.

According to industry insiders, the pig breeding industry has been losing money for many months, and some pig enterprises have even fallen into the dilemma of "selling more and losing more". Under the pressure of low pig prices, most pig enterprises practice "internal strength" hard to improve management efficiency and fully hedge the risk of lower pig prices.

The reporter walked into the pig breeding factory of Mu Yuan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. in Lishui, Nanjing. Locating bars, intelligent environmental control, precision feeding and other equipment were widely used in pig houses. The pregnant houses and delivery rooms were clean and tidy, and almost no pungent odor was smelled.

"By using digital technologies such as automatic inspection and intelligent recipe feeding, the daily gain of pig fattening exceeded 1000 grams, the survival rate increased by about 5%, and the breeding efficiency was greatly improved, which greatly alleviated the impact of this round of pig price decline." Qin Shaojun, regional manager of Sunan of Mu Yuan Group, said that the supply of live pigs in the group is generally stable at present.

Guaranteed supply and stable price, all localities are working hard. Jiangsu identified 881 emergency supply enterprises for daily necessities, established a special supply network and increased supply outlets; Jingde County, Anhui Province guides key commercial enterprises to broaden sources of supply and strengthen supply reserves; Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province opened the "Bus Vegetable Basket Huimin Station" to deliver fresh agricultural and sideline products to residents’ doorsteps through "direct mining, direct supply and direct sales" …

"In the face of multiple pressures, all localities and departments made efforts from both sides of supply and demand, strengthened the analysis and judgment of price trends, and timely adopted targeted price stabilization measures. In the first half of the year, the supply of important people’s livelihood commodities was sufficient, and the CPI generally maintained a moderate increase." Wang Likun, an associate researcher at the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center, said.

Actively respond to the downward impact of PPI

Coordinate the delivery schedule with the steel sales company, communicate with the old customers about the demand for steel, and adjust the delivery schedule by staring at the online steel price trend in real time … Yanyu, who has been engaged in steel agency for 15 years, said frankly that "steel prices have been bottoming out and I feel very nervous".

"This year, we signed a purchase agreement with Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. for more than 60,000 tons of construction steel and cold-rolled steel plates, and shipped more than 5,000 tons of steel every month as planned, but since the beginning of the year, the price of steel has continued to be sluggish, with a year-on-year decline of about 30%." Smoke jade said.

"Low price" is the feeling of many commodity enterprises this year.

Mainly affected by international import factors, commodity prices continued to fall. In the first half of the year, the national producer price index (PPI) decreased by 3.1% year-on-year, and the decline expanded month after month.

In the investigation, the reporter found that relevant industries are actively responding to the downward impact of PPI through innovative measures such as adjusting product structure and improving industrial chain.

At 4: 00 pm on June 28th, the oil tanker "Haixinyou 616" was loaded with 9981 tons of aviation kerosene and sailed from Pier 11 of Jinling Petrochemical Company of China Petrochemical Company to Shanghai Pudong Airport, which was the sixth oil tanker that the company sailed that day.

Facing the downward fluctuation of international crude oil price and the shrinking profit space of refined oil, chemical products and by-products, Jinling Petrochemical Company of China Petrochemical Company aimed at market demand, increased the production and supply of aviation kerosene, high-end graphite materials, aromatic hydrocarbons and other products, and tapped new profit growth points.

"In the first half of the year, the output of aviation kerosene increased by 35% year-on-year, which not only helped to ensure the recovery of the civil aviation industry, but also increased revenue and efficiency for enterprises." Liu Wenbao, manager of the production planning department of Jinling Petrochemical Company of China Petrochemical Company, said that we expect that there is still room for growth in sales and profits throughout the year.

PPI is related to the price of raw materials, and its decline is expanding, which increases the operating pressure of upstream enterprises, but it is conducive to reducing the production costs of downstream industries such as home appliances and paper making, which is good for downstream enterprises.

"Affected by positive factors such as falling raw material prices and stable sales, the consumption of household appliances such as air conditioners and refrigerators maintained a relatively high growth in the first half of the year, and the unit price growth rate of user consumption was above double digits. On average, there were more than 50 stores in various formats such as Suning Yijia Plaza Store and Suning Yijia Flagship Store." The person in charge of Suning.cn said.

Li Gang, a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, analyzed that PPI is mainly affected by changes in the international market, and it is not completely synchronized with CPI fluctuations. Keeping its fluctuation range at a relatively reasonable level is conducive to the coordinated development of upstream and downstream industries. Recently, the policy of stabilizing industry has been continuously introduced, some of which are taking effect, helping enterprises to stabilize orders and expand the market, and the cardinal utility has weakened. The year-on-year decline of PPI is expected to narrow in the second half of the year.

Prices may remain moderately rising.

As an important indicator of macroeconomic operation, the price increase has continued to fall, even causing some concerns about the economy falling into deflation. Will prices continue to fall in the second half of the year? How to treat the price situation? The reporter came to the front line to observe the price dynamics.

Xinfadi market is called the "vegetable basket" of Beijing citizens. Tong Wei, the person in charge of Xinfadi Market, said that recently, the average daily market volume of vegetables has stabilized at around 19,000 tons, and the prices of some vegetables have increased due to the rebound in demand. For example, cucumbers produced in Langfang, Hebei Province have high tenderness and good taste, and the demand continues to increase, driving up prices.

According to the data of key e-commerce platforms, the demand for fruit consumption in the season is strong, and the price of fresh fruit is expected to pick up. "Recently, we have increased the purchase of seasonal fruits such as peaches and bayberries, and launched hundreds of products to cool off the summer and ensure market supply." The person in charge of the US group buying food said.

At present, the price of "vegetable basket" has increased year-on-year. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, from July 3 to July 9, the average weekly wholesale price of 28 kinds of vegetables monitored mainly increased by 13% year-on-year.

The price trend is the same as that of the "vegetable basket". Under the influence of policies such as promoting consumption, the prices of home appliances and tourism are on the rise.

At present, Suning.cn has further increased the supply of high-end household appliances. "Recently, the order volume of high-end home appliances has continued to increase, and it is expected that the unit price of user consumption will further increase." The person in charge of Suning.cn said.

According to Wang Likun’s analysis, with the increasing endogenous kinetic energy of China’s economy, the bilateral recovery of supply and demand tends to be balanced, and the market circulation order continues to improve, market confidence increases and expectations continue to improve. It is expected that the overall price increase will gradually return to a reasonable level in the second half of the year.

The National Energy Administration urged power generation enterprises to implement a stable supply of coal and gas, sign a medium-and long-term contract agreement on coal and gas with good quality and quantity, and actively respond to the peak of electricity consumption this summer; The National Development and Reform Commission will, together with relevant parties, start the second batch of central pork storage and purchasing during the year, and guide all localities to synchronize storage and purchasing, so as to push the price of live pigs back to a reasonable range as soon as possible; Hubei and Beijing issue a new round of coupons …

Recently, all parties have made active efforts from both sides of supply and demand to ensure the supply of important commodities for people’s livelihood and promote the continuous recovery of consumer demand. According to industry analysts, at present, China’s total economic supply and demand are basically balanced, and the monetary conditions are reasonable and moderate. At the end of June, the broad money (M2) balance increased by 11.3% year-on-year; Residents’ expectations are stable and there is no basis for long-term deflation or inflation.

"From the perspective of the whole year, with the steady expansion of China’s market demand and the gradual increase of production and supply, the relationship between supply and demand is expected to be generally stable, and consumer prices will generally maintain a moderate increase." Fu Linghui, spokesman of the National Bureau of Statistics, said. (Reporter Wei Yukun, Gao Kang, Yan Fujing, Zhao Jiulong, Zhou Nan)

　　In the past few days, a screenshot poking fun at domestic refined oil prices has been widely circulated in the circle of friends:

　　"Ten years ago, on March 20, 2008, the international crude oil was $147 per barrel, and the domestic oil price was 6.3 yuan; Ten years later, on May 26th, 2018, the international crude oil price was $75.56 per barrel, and the domestic oil price was 7.4 yuan. Maybe the bucket is expensive. "

　　In fact, since the international oil price plummeted in the second half of 2014, similar paragraphs have emerged one after another. From a purely numerical point of view, today’s international oil price is indeed lower than that of ten years ago, and the domestic refined oil price is indeed higher than that of ten years ago. However, the pricing mechanism of refined oil in China is not as simple as many people think, especially when the consumption tax on refined oil has increased by nearly seven times. It is unreasonable to simply compare the figures. To discuss the comparison of oil prices between 2008 and today, we need to consider the following factors:

　　petrol quality upgrade

　　In 2008, private cars still drank the national standard gasoline, and today it is the national standard gasoline ten years later. The "2+26" cities including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei have been upgraded to the national standard in advance. When oil products are upgraded, prices naturally rise. According to the statistics of Zhuo Chuang Information, a market organization, the price increase standards for automobile gasoline and diesel from the third country to the fourth country are 290 yuan and 370 yuan per ton respectively; The price increase standards for upgrading from National IV to National V are respectively 170 yuan and 160 yuan per ton. That is, the total price of gasoline is increased by 460 yuan/ton, which is equivalent to the price increase of No.92, which is 0.36 yuan.

　　The consumption tax on refined oil has increased by nearly seven times.

　　The consumption tax on refined oil refers to the tax paid by consumers when they consume refined oil. It is paid by the main units such as refineries at the initial stage of production, commissioned processing and import. The collection targets include seven subheads, including gasoline, diesel oil and fuel oil, which belong to the central tax category. China began to levy consumption tax on gasoline in 1994. In 2008, the domestic consumption tax on gasoline was only in 0.2 yuan/liter.

　　From the end of 2014 to the beginning of 2015, the domestic consumption tax on refined oil was raised three times in 45 days. At that time, the Ministry of Finance said that the consumption tax in China is not generally levied, but only on "some consumer goods with high energy consumption, high pollution and high consumption". "The consumption tax on refined oil is conducive to promoting resource conservation and curbing excessive consumption of energy, which is a relatively common practice in the world." Regarding the timing of raising the tax rate, the Ministry of Finance explained that "choosing to implement it when the oil price goes down not only did not lead to an increase in oil prices due to tax increase, but also realized the synchronization of tax increase and price reduction, taking into account the macro-control needs and social affordability."

　　After three upward adjustments, the gasoline consumption tax was 1.52 yuan/liter, which has been maintained to this day.

　　In addition to consumption tax, China consumers also need to pay value-added tax and urban construction tax when purchasing refined oil. It is roughly estimated that the tax burden cost of circulation links accounts for about 40% of the total refined oil price.

　　"At present, domestic refined oil products include 1.52 yuan/liter consumption tax, 16% value-added tax and 12% other taxes and fees. Due to the different oil prices in different regions of China, the proportion of taxes and fees is also different. " Xu Na, a refined oil analyst at Zhuo Chuang Information, told The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that the current price of No.92 gasoline in Guangzhou is 7.44 yuan/liter, including 1.52 yuan/liter consumption tax, 1.03 yuan/liter value-added tax and 0.31 yuan/liter other taxes. Therefore, on the whole, the price increase of Guangzhou No.92 gasoline includes 2.86 yuan tax, accounting for 38.4%.

　　In addition, the tax burden of refined oil products in different countries in the world is not horizontally comparable, because the tax burden is related to national policies, oil production capacity, per capita income level and social welfare.

　　Changes of refined oil pricing mechanism

　　Ten years ago, there was no price adjustment cycle for domestic refined oil products, which was not closely related to international oil prices.

　　The current refined oil price mechanism stipulates that the prices of gasoline and diesel are adjusted every 10 working days according to the changes of crude oil prices in the international market, and the effective time of price adjustment is 24: 00 on the release date of price adjustment. As long as the international oil price is between the "floor price" of $40/barrel and the "ceiling price" of $130/barrel, the change rate should be adjusted if the adjustment range of gasoline and diesel exceeds that of 50 yuan. When the price adjustment range is lower than the 50 yuan per ton, no adjustment will be made, and it will be added or offset in the next price adjustment.

　　Because of this, after the international crude oil price soared to an all-time high of $147 per barrel in 2008, the domestic refined oil price did not rise as the international oil price soared. For the smooth operation of the domestic economy, domestic "two barrels of oil" did "pay the bill" for high oil prices.

　　At the beginning of 2015, a paragraph about oil prices was widely circulated on the Internet: "Today (March 20th) is a special day. Seven years ago, today in 2008, the international crude oil was $147 per barrel, and the oil price in China was RMB per liter in 6.3 yuan. Today in 2015, the international crude oil is 43 dollars per barrel, and the China oil price is still 6.3 yuan RMB per liter. Is the oil price going up or down? " Just a few words have attracted countless spit and controversy.

　　In this regard, Sinopec claimed to be "the big head" in the official Weibo: "Today (referring to March 21, 2015), the international crude oil is 43 US dollars per barrel, and the EU is about 9.1 yuan and China is about 6.3 yuan per liter. Seven years ago, today in 2008, due to the economic situation in China and the pressure from all sides, the price adjustment of domestic refined oil was reduced. The international crude oil was US$ 147 per barrel, while the EU was about RMB 14.8 per liter, while China was only 6.3 yuan per liter. Who is ‘ Big head ’ , you know. "

　　The following figure shows the global ranking of gasoline price increase as of May 28, 2018 (part):